Impact of fixed dental prosthesis on neuroimaging: assessment of artefacts.

Objectives: To determine the frequency and extent of artefacts in magnetic resonance imaging and/or computed tomography scans of head caused by fixed dental prosthesis.

Methods: The retrospective study was conducted at Aga Khan University Hospital from July to December 2021, and comprised magnetic resonance imaging and/or computed tomography scans from January 2015 to December 2020 of the head of individuals with existing fixed dental prosthetic work at the time of exposure. They were analysed for the presence of artefacts.

Herbal Combination 'HAGE-101912' Ameliorates Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in Rats.

Background: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a chronic, relapsing disorder. In this era of modern and fast-track lifestyle and food habits, the incidence of GERD is rapidly increasing. Currently, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are the primary choice of treatment.

Neuroprotective effect of herbal extracts inhibiting soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) and cyclooxygenase (COX) against chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment in mice.

Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (CICI) is a novel clinical condition characterized by memory, learning, and motor function deficits. Oxidative stress and inflammation are potential factors contributing to chemotherapy's adverse effects on the brain. Inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) has been proven effective in neuroinflammation and reversal of memory impairment.

Acquired Uterine Vascular Anomaly: Experience from a tertiary care centre in Pakistan.

Objectives: This study aimed to retrospectively review imaging findings and the outcomes of uterine artery embolisation (UAE) in symptomatic uterine vascular anomalies (UVA).

Methods: This study included a total of 15 patients with acquired UVA admitted to the Aga Khan University Hospital in Karachi, Pakistan, from 2010 to 2020. These patients were evaluated using ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, either alone or in combination.

Percutaneous endovascular removal of a broken port-a-catheter from right atrium using manual made snare.

Fracture and migration of port-a-catheter, following long term access into the central venous vasculature is a rare clinical scenario. The consequences of fracture and migration includes fragmented device relocating into the right atrium or ventricle, eventually causing life threatening complications such as arrhythmias, pseudoaneurysms, perforations or very rarely embolization. We report a case of a 67-year-old female with a broken port-a-catheter which had been placed initially for chemotherapy for bilateral breast cancer.

Investigation of HPLF-111624 in Modified Experimental Models of Ulcerative Proctitis and Anal Fissure in Rats.

Background: Although ulcerative proctitis (UP) and anal fissure (AF) are common anorectal diseases, there are no appropriate experimental models to screen the drugs intended for these conditions. In this context, existing experimental models mimicking these diseases were modified and the polyherbal formulation, HPLF-111624 was evaluated in these models.

Objective: To establish animal model for UP and AF and to evaluate polyherbal formulation, HPLF-111624 in these disease models.

Angioembolisation for the Treatment of Pseudo-aneurysm of Internal Maxillary Artery.

Pseudo-aneurysm of internal maxillary artery, following a road traffic accident, is a rare clinical scenario. The consequence of pseudo-aneurysm may be spontaneous rupture of the arterial wall, which may eventually lead to life-threatening hemorrhage. We report a case of a 20-year male who presented with recurrent epistaxis.

To determine the efficacy of bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling in differentiating Cushing disease from ectopic Cushing syndrome.

Management of endogenous Cushing syndrome is based on its aetiology. Increased Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) levels are the most common cause of this disorder and, therefore, it is critical to determine the source of ACTH before further management. Dynamic post contrast MRI is currently the most common investigation implied to diagnose pituitary adenoma; however, it comes with the drawback of low specificity and high false positive results.

Turmeric based oral rinse "HTOR-091516" ameliorates experimental oral mucositis.

Background: Prevalence and incidence of oral mucositis (OM) are rigorously increasing and there is no effective treatment. The herbal formulation "HTOR-091516" containing , and honey were evaluated for the treatment of OM.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of HTOR-091516, employing cellular model, human gingival fibroblasts-1 (HGF-1), and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced mucositis model in rats.

Angiography and Therapeutic Embolisation of Bleeding Aberrant Iliac Artery Branches.

A 78-year female presented with the complain of per rectal fresh bleeding for 4 days. She was known to have diabetes and hypertension, 3 weeks back. She had an episode of left middle cerebral artery (MCA) stroke.

Pharmacological investigation of 'HIM-CHX': A herbal combination in the experimental muscle wasting condition.

Muscle wasting diseases are gradually increasing with the increase in global life expectancy. This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of HIM-CHX, a herbal combination of Boswellia serrata, Cissus quadrangularis, and Withania somnifera, on Sarcopenia. The effects of HIM-CHX on parameters such as muscle mass, grip strength, motor coordination, gait, locomotor activity and endurance were measured in rats.

Challenges in diagnosis of disease reported 100 years back: Cushing syndrome; recent advances.

Treatment of Cushing syndrome depends on diagnosis of etiology responsible for hypercortisolism in the body, which sometimes presents with a challenge. Inferior petrosal sinus sampling for ACTH levels, followed by peripheral venous sampling is a proven tool to be a gold standard for differentiating between peripheral and central cause of ACTH dependent Cushing syndrome. This case report is of an elderly female who presented as an outpatient in the endocrinology clinic of Aga Khan university hospital on 22/6/2017 with clinical features of hypercortisolism.

Neuroimaging Findings in Tuberculosis: A Single-Center Experience in 559 Cases.

Background And Purpose: There is a paucity of literature related to the neuroimaging of CNS tuberculosis (TB) and largely covers pediatric CNS TB. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of different forms of CNS TB and its associated complications and to study longitudinal disease course using computed tomography (CT) and MRI.

Methods: Retrospective chart and imaging review of patients diagnosed with CNS TB in a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan over a 10-year period.

Effect of "DXB-2030," a Polyherbal Formulation, on Experimental Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Associated with Hyperandrogenism.

The objective of the present study was to evaluate "DXB-2030," a polyherbal combination of , , , , and extracts in an experimental model of testosterone propionate (TP), induced polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in female rats. Thirty animals were divided into 3 groups of 10 each; group 1 served as normal control; group 2 was administered with TP and served as positive control; along with TP, group 3 was treated with "DXB-2030" at a dose of 100 mg/kg p.o.

Role of ADC values and ratios of MRI scan in differentiating typical from atypical/anaplastic meningiomas.

Atypical/anaplastic meningiomas are prone to aggressive behaviour which affects treatment planning and prognostication. Our aim was to assess the role of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) values of MRI brain in differentiating typical from atypical/anaplastic meningioma. We reviewed 84 typical and 37 atypical/anaplastic meningiomas and compared mean ADC values and ADC ratios of their preoperative MRI brain.

Pituitary stalk interruption syndrome presenting in a euthyroid adult with short stature.

Pituitary stalk interruption syndrome (PSIS) is a distinct and rare clinical entity responsible for congenital hypopituitarism resulting in deficiency of pituitary hormones with deficiency of the growth hormone (100%) and gonadotropins (97.2%) being its most common presentation at the time of hospital encounter (Wang et al., 2015).

Prevalence of subarachnoid haemorrhage among patients with cranial venous sinus thrombosis in the presence and absence of venous infarcts.

Introduction In patients with cranial venous sinus thrombosis, the occurrence of subarachnoid haemorrhage in association with haemorrhagic venous infarcts is a well described phenomenon. However, the presence of subarachnoid haemorrhage in patients with cranial venous sinus thrombosis in the absence of a haemorrhagic venous infarct is exceedingly rare. Methods We retrospectively reviewed charts and scans of all patients who had cranial venous sinus thrombosis confirmed by magnetic resonance venography at our hospital between September 2004 and May 2015.

Fibrolipomatous Hamartoma of the Median Nerve with Macrodystrophia Lipomatosa.

Fibrolipomatous hamartoma (FLH) is a rare congenital condition that presents with a benign overgrowth of the bone and fibroadipose tissue termed as macrodystrophia lipomatosa (MDL). Although commonly seen in the median nerve, other peripheral nerves can be involved. Diagnosis can be made on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) due to the characteristic coaxial cable appearance on axial images and the spaghetti appearance on sagittal images.

Percutaneous Management of Biliary Enteric Anastomotic Strictures: An Institutional Review.

Purpose Stricture formation at the biliary enteric anastomotic site is a common complication due to fibrotic healing. Few therapeutic options are available for biliary-enteric anastomotic site stricture (BES) including new surgical reconstruction or percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage followed by balloon dilation of BES or stent placement. The purpose of this study is to assess the technical success, complications and reintervention rate of percutaneous transhepatic balloon dilatation (PTBD) of BES after iatrogenic bile duct injuries (BDI).

Institutional Review of Hemorrhagic Pelvic Emergencies Effectively Managed with Percutaneous Arterial Embolization.

Objective: Our aim was to review the results of pelvic arterial embolization (PAE) performed in the interventional radiology suite.

Method: The data of all patients in whom pelvic angioembolization was performed was collected from July 2011 to June 2017. Procedures were performed by an experienced interventional radiologist.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Pelvic MRI for Determination of the Cervical Involvement in Endometrial Cancer.

Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of pelvic MRI for assessment of the cervical involvement in endometrial cancer.

Study Design: Cross-sectional analytical study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Radiology Department of the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi from January 2014 to December 2015.

Non-ionic iodinated contrast-induced sialadenitis with parotid gland sparing in patient of hepatocellular carcinoma.

61-years-old male patient presented with complain of neck swelling and soreness following contrast-enhanced (CE) CT examination with resolution of symptoms in 36-48 hours. He is diagnosed with hepatitis C virus and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); already treated with radiofrequency ablation for HCC. He had already undergone two CECT examinations before he was referred to our institution for disease staging/treatment.

Varied percutaneous and endovascular management of large iatrogenic Profunda Femoris artery pseudoaneurysm.

The case of an elderly male diagnosed with a large iatrogenic pseudoaneurysm arising from the profunda femoris artery on ultrasound examination is presented. The immediate postoperative period was uneventful; however later he developed leg swelling and mild oozing at the incision site. In view of deranged renal function CT angiogram was not done and decision was made to treat the pseudoaneurysm with percutaneous thrombin injection.