Optimising Post-Operative Imaging in Hemiarthroplasty.

Introduction: Hip hemiarthroplasty is a common procedure for femoral neck fractures in the geriatric population. Immediate implant-related complications such as dislocation, periprosthetic fracture, and leg length discrepancy are uncommon, but should be ruled out with the use of post-operative X-rays. There is some debate as to the timing of the post-operative X-rays.

Proteomic profiling of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid uncovers protein clusters linked to survival in idiopathic forms of interstitial lung disease.

Background: Idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (IIPs), such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features, present diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to their heterogeneous nature. This study aimed to identify intrinsic molecular signatures within the lung microenvironment of these IIPs through proteomic analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF).

Methods: Patients with IIP (n=23) underwent comprehensive clinical evaluation including pre-treatment bronchoscopy and were compared with controls without lung disease (n=5).

Metal-Organic Frameworks for Sustainable Crop Disease Management: Current Applications, Mechanistic Insights, and Future Challenges.

Efficient management of crop diseases and yield enhancement are essential for addressing the increasing food demands due to global population growth. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), which have rapidly evolved throughout the 21st century, are notable for their vast surface area, porosity, and adaptability, establishing them as highly effective vehicles for controlled drug delivery. This review methodically categorizes common MOFs employed in crop disease management and details their effectiveness against various pathogens.

Airways Abnormalities in a Prospective Cohort of Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) affects roughly 1% of the population and commonly involves the lungs. Of lung involvement in RA, interstitial lung disease (ILD) is well known; however, airways disease in RA is relatively understudied.

Research Question: What are the baseline airways abnormalities in a prospective cohort of patients with RA based on pulmonary function testing (PFT) results, high-resolution CT (HRCT) scans, and computational imaging analysis and are there associations between these abnormalities and respiratory symptoms?

Study Design And Methods: In this single-center study, 188 patients with RA without a clinical diagnosis of ILD underwent HRCT imaging and PFT.

Proteomic profiling of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid uncovers protein clusters linked to survival in idiopathic forms of interstitial lung disease.

Background: Idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (IIPs) such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features (IPAF), present diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to their heterogeneous nature. This study aimed to identify intrinsic molecular signatures within the lung microenvironment of these IIPs through proteomic analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF).

Methods: Patients with IIP (n=23) underwent comprehensive clinical evaluation including pre-treatment bronchoscopy and were compared to controls without lung disease (n=5).

Co-exposure to tire wear particles and nickel inhibits mung bean yield by reducing nutrient uptake.

Soil and terrestrial contamination with microplastics and nanoplastics has been discussed extensively, while tire wear particles (TWPs) have been largely overlooked. We investigated the root-surface interactions and growth response of mung bean ( L.) plants exposed to tire wear particles (TWPs) (0.

Cryptic footprint of thallium in soil-plant systems; A review.

The current review highlights the complex behavior of thallium (Tl) in soil and plant systems, offering insight into its hazardous characteristics and far-reaching implications. The research investigates the many sources of Tl, from its natural existence in the earth crust to its increased release through anthropogenic activities such as industrial operations and mining. Soil emerges as a significant reservoir of Tl, with diverse physicochemical variables influencing bioavailability and entrance into the food chain, notably in Brassicaceae family members.

Neutrophil extracellular traps linked to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis severity and survival.

Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) leads to progressive loss of lung function and mortality. Understanding mechanisms and markers of lung injury in IPF is paramount to improving outcomes for these patients. Despite the lack of systemic involvement in IPF, many analyses focus on identifying prognostic markers.

Analytical challenges in detecting microplastics and nanoplastics in soil-plant systems.

Microplastics (MPx) and nanoplastics (NPx) are increasingly accumulating in terrestrial ecosystems, heightening concerns about their potential adverse effects on human health via the food chain. Techniques aimed at recovering the most challenging colloidal fractions of MPx and NPx, especially for analytical purposes, are limited. This systematic review emphasises the absence of a universal, efficient, and cost-effective analytical method as the primary hindrance to studying MPx and NPx in soil and plant samples.

Lithium-induced alterations in soybean nodulation and nitrogen fixation through multifunctional mechanisms.

The increasing footprints of lithium (Li) in agroecosystems combined with limited recycling options have raised uncertain consequences for important crops. Nitrogen (N)-fixation by legumes is an important biological response process, but the cause and effect of Li exposure on plant root-nodule symbiosis and biological N-fixation (BNF) potential are still unclear. Soybean as a model plant was exposed to Li at low (25 mg kg), medium (50 mg kg), and high (100 mg kg) concentrations.

The in vitro study of interaction between antacids and anti-diabetic drug sitagliptin in the treatment of type II diabetes.

Hyperglycemia is a long-lasting syndrome that occurs either when the pancreas cannot produce enough insulin, or the body cannot effectively utilize that insulin to regulate blood sugar levels. Non-insulin-dependent hyperglycemia, also known as type II diabetes, causes a common consequence of severe damage to many of the body's organs mainly the blood vessels and nerves. The majority of people around the world are suffering from non-insulin-dependent diabetes.

Estrogens in plants and emerging risks to human health.

Steroid estrogens (SEs) accumulate in agro-food systems through wastewater treatment and dairy manure, but very little is known about their potential impact on plants and dietary risk to human health. We conducted a meta-analysis to address key questions including, how plants respond to SEs under different environmental conditions, what is the accumulation potential of SEs in distinct plant families, and associated daily dietary intake risks to humans. Based on 517 endpoints, we revealed that various crop species show a heterogeneous response to SEs types (n = 140), SEs concentrations (n = 141), and exposure medium (n = 166).

Modifying engineered nanomaterials to produce next generation agents for environmental remediation.

The application of pristine nanomaterials (PNMs) for environment remediation remains challenging due to inherently high potential for aggregation, low stability, sub-optimum efficiency, and non-uniformity in size and toxicity. Conversely, modified nanomaterials (MNMs) approaches have shown significant potential to enhance the technical and economic efficiency of conventional nanoscale remediation strategies by decreasing aggregation of nanomaterials by imparting electrostatic, electrosteric or steric repulsion between particles. Furthermore, the solubility enhancing agents in MNMs have been shown to increase metal bioavailability and accelerate the breakdown of pollutants.

Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles Improve Soybean Yield and Enhance Nitrogen Assimilation.

Nickel (Ni) is a trace element beneficial for plant growth and development and could improve crop yield by stimulating urea decomposition and nitrogen-fixing enzyme activity. A full life cycle study was conducted to compare the long-term effects of soil-applied NiO nanoparticles (n-NiO), NiO bulk (b-NiO), and NiSO at 10-200 mg kg on plant growth and nutritional content of soybean. n-NiO at 50 mg kg significantly promoted the seed yield by 39%.

Reimagining safe lithium applications in the living environment and its impacts on human, animal, and plant system.

Lithium's (Li) ubiquitous distribution in the environment is a rising concern due to its rapid proliferation in the modern electronic industry. Li enigmatic entry into the terrestrial food chain raises many questions and uncertainties that may pose a grave threat to living biota. We examined the leverage existing published articles regarding advances in global Li resources, interplay with plants, and possible involvement with living organisms, especially humans and animals.

Iron-based nanomaterials reduce cadmium toxicity in rice (Oryza sativa L.) by modulating phytohormones, phytochelatin, cadmium transport genes and iron plaque formation.

Rice is known to accumulate cadmium (Cd) in its grains, causing a severe threat to billions of people worldwide. The possible phytotoxicity and mechanism of 50-200 mg/L hydroxyapatite NPs (nHA), iron oxide NPs (nFe2O3) or nano zero valent iron (nZVI) co-exposed with Cd (100 μM) in rice seedlings were investigated. Three types of nanoparticles significantly reduced the bioaccumulation of Cd in rice shoots by 16-63%, with nZVI showing the greatest effect, followed by nHA and nFe2O3.

Interplay of higher plants with lithium pollution: Global trends, meta-analysis, and perspectives.

Lithium (Li) is gaining attention due to rapid rise in modern industries but their ultimate fingerprints on plants are not well established. Herein, we executed a meta-analysis of the existing recent literature investigating the impact of Li sources and levels on plant species under different growth conditions to understand the existing state of knowledge. Toxic effects of Li exposure in plants varies as a function of medium and interestingly, more negative responses are reported in hydroponic media as compared to soil and foliar application.

Is aspirin still relevant as a single pharmacological agent for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis post hip and knee arthroplasty surgery: A retrospective review.

Introduction: Aspirin is widely used for the prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) after total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA). It is well-established that the bleeding and wound complication risk for aspirin is low or equivalent to the other anticoagulant agents, but there is still ongoing controversy regarding the efficacy of aspirin for VTE prophylaxis. The current HSE (2012) guideline suggests 72 h of enoxaparin and 4 weeks of Aspirin therapy.

Exposure of cherry radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. Radculus Pers) to iron-based nanoparticles enhances its nutritional quality by trigging the essential elements.

Iron (Fe) deficiency is a pervasive nutritional disorder, and producing vegetables enriched with Fe as a dietary source is imperative. Herein, FeO, FeO(OH), α-FeO, β-FeO, γ-FeO, and nZVI nanoparticles (NPs) were applied in soil as fertilizer to enhance the Fe nutrition in cherry radish. The highest enhancement of Fe content (58%) was observed in FeO treatment at 100 mg kg, followed by FeO(OH) (49%), α-FeO (24%), nZVI (14%), β-FeO (13%) and γ-FeO (4%).

Binding enhancements of antibody functionalized natural and synthetic fibers.

Development of low cost biosensing using convenient and environmentally benign materials is important for wide adoption and ultimately improved healthcare and sustainable development. Immobilized antibodies are often incorporated as an essential biorecognition element in point-of-care biosensors but these proteins are costly. We present a strategy of combining convenient and low-cost surface functionalization approaches for increasing the overall binding activity of antibody functionalized natural and synthetic fibers.

Uptake and Accumulation of Nano/Microplastics in Plants: A Critical Review.

The ubiquitous presence of microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) in the environment is an undeniable and serious concern due to their higher persistence and extensive use in agricultural production. This review highlights the sources and fate of MPs and NPs in soil and their uptake, translocation, and physiological effects in the plant system. We provide the current snapshot of the latest reported studies with the majority of literature spanning the last five years.

Cloud Formation From a Localized Water Release in the Upper Mesosphere: Indication of Rapid Cooling.

Polar mesospheric clouds (PMCs) occur in the summer near 82 -85km altitude due to seasonal changes of temperature and humidity. However, water vapor and associated PMCs have also been observed associated with rocket exhaust. The effects of this rocket exhaust on the temperature of the upper mesosphere are not well understood.