Effects of substrate availability and mitochondrial disruption on oxidative metabolism and sperm motility in fertile dogs.

In several mammalian species, the measurement of mitochondrial oxygen consumption (MITOX) under different metabolic conditions has demonstrated a positive correlation with sperm motility and may be a sensitive indicator of mitochondrial health. In general, the maintenance of sperm motility and many key sperm functions and fertilizing events are heavily energy-dependent processes, and some species-specific substrate preferences exist. Although canine sperm have been known to undergo capacitation and maintain motility with supplementation of a wide range of energy substrates, the relationship between mitochondrial function, and the maintenance of oxidative metabolism and sperm motility remain unclear.

Sperm parameters in the Great Dane: Influence of age on semen quality.

Not all sires have sperm suitable for chilled or frozen storage, and success in artificial insemination (AI) varies highly among individual dogs and breeds. Fertilizing potential is further complicated as sperm quality declines with the aging process. Due to the rapidity of aging and senescence in large breed dogs, associated health and fertility changes may be observed over a shorter period, though this period remains undefined for any breed.

Comparative oxidative metabolism in mammalian sperm.

In this review, we discuss the physiology of mitochondrial function in sperm using a comparative species approach. Mitochondria impart the ability for sperm from internal fertilizing species to attain individual motility and the ability to navigate the female reproductive tract to the site of fertilization. The presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a normal physiological event of the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC); however, when excessive leakage of ROS occurs, sperm damage may follow.

Effects from disruption of mitochondrial electron transport chain function on bull sperm motility.

Sperm mitochondrial function is essential for normal physiology and fertility, but the importance of mitochondrial activity to support specific sperm functions, such as motility, varies between species. It was previously believed that mitochondrial function was not necessary for bull sperm motility [1]; however, this theory is contradicted by recently reported findings that the upper fraction of bull sperm swim-up preparations had both high motility and elevated mitochondrial oxygen consumption rates [2]. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between mitochondrial function and motility in bull sperm.

Assessment of an iPad-based sperm motility analyzer for determination of canine sperm motility.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the repeatability and accuracy of canine sperm motility (total and progressive) assessment with a tablet-based Canine iSperm instrument compared to computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA). The experiment used fresh and frozen/thawed canine semen samples for comparisons of semen analysis parameters (concentration, total motility, and progressive motility) between a CASA system, iSperm, and NucleoCounter SP-100 (concentration) instruments. Spearman's Rho correlational analysis was used to identify significant associations between motility assessment methods.

Sperm mitochondrial regulation in motility and fertility in horses.

The biological nature of age-related declines in fertility in males of any species, including stallions, has been elusive. In horses, the economic costs to the breeding industry are frequently extensive. Mitochondrial function in ejaculated sperm, which is essential for sperm motility, is reflected by adenosine triphosphate production, mitochondrial oxidative efficiency and production of reactive oxygen species, and that this balance may become compromised in ageing stallions and during the process of cryopreservation.

Draft Genome Sequences of 1,183 Strains from the 100K Pathogen Genome Project.

is a common food-associated bacterium that has substantial impact on worldwide human health and the global economy. This is the public release of 1,183 draft genome sequences as part of the 100K Pathogen Genome Project. These isolates represent global genomic diversity in the genus.

100K Pathogen Genome Project: 306 Draft Genome Sequences for Food Safety and Public Health.

is a food-associated bacterium that is responsible for food-related illnesses worldwide. This is the initial public release of 306 genome sequences as part of the 100K Pathogen Genome Project. These isolates represent global genomic diversity in .