Delayed transient neurologic toxicity due to tacrolimus: CT and MRI.

We report a case of transient neurologic toxicity secondary to tacrolimus. The clinical and imaging findings are reported and their subsequent regression after interruption of therapy in the patient following a bone-marrow transplant is also described. The etiology of the neurotoxicity and its analogy with other immunosuppressant agents are discussed.

Clinical course of pediatric congenital inner ear malformations.

Objective: To determine any factors that could improve the early detection and management of congenital inner ear malformations.

Study Design: A retrospective review was performed of all patients with a diagnosis of inner ear malformation at Loyola University Medical Center (LUMC) and the Hospital for Sick Children (HSC) between 1987 and 1995. Clinical records and audiometric data were accumulated.

Optimal clip application and intraoperative angiography for intracranial aneurysms.

Background: The actual incidence of residual aneurysm after clipping is unknown. The natural history of residual aneurysm can be regrowth and hemorrhage. Intraoperative angiography offers a cost-effective, safe interdiction to the problem of residual aneurysm and parent vessel stenosis.

A protocol for management of a catastrophic complication of functional endoscopic sinus surgery: internal carotid artery injury.

Injury to the cavernous portion of the internal carotid artery is a well recognized and dreaded complication of functional endoscopic sinus surgery. Little information, however, has been presented in the Otolaryngology literature regarding the etiology, prevention, or treatment of this complication. The purpose of this study is to present a case report of a cavernous carotid artery injury during functional endoscopic sinus surgery.

Postoperative radiographic findings following acoustic neuroma removal.

This paper assesses the radiographic findings seen on early postoperative CT following acoustic neuroma resection. CT head scans were routinely obtained from 86 patients within 24 hours of tumor resection via a translabyrinthine or retrosigmoid approach. Repeat CT scans were performed in those patients with abnormal clinical symptoms.

Acute sinusitis in children: is the Water's view sufficient?

The purpose of this study was to examine the utility of the Water's view in the diagnosis of acute sinusitis in children. The records of all pediatric (less than 18 years old) patients who underwent sinus radiography for suspected acute sinusitis between February 1991 and November 1992 were reviewed. All radiographs were reviewed by an attending radiologist and the interpretation of the Water's (occipitomental) view alone was compared to that of a three-view (anterior/posterior, lateral, Water's) series.

CT and MR of temporal bone malignancies primary and secondary to parotid carcinoma.

Purpose: To review the CT and MR characteristics of temporal bone malignancy, and to evaluate the relationship between malignancies of the temporal bone and parotid gland.

Methods: A group of 15 surgical patients with diagnosis of temporal bone malignancy were retrospectively reviewed. These included 11 cases of primary temporal bone malignancy and four cases of secondary carcinoma of the temporal bone from a primary tumor of the parotid gland.

Complex partial seizure-induced transient MR enhancement.

A 58-year-old man with complex partial seizures had transient symmetrical MR enhancement in the anterior mesiotemporal cortex bilaterally, correlated with the sites of seizure focus on electroencephalography. Preinfused T1-weighted and T2-weighted sequences showed no abnormality. After adequate control of seizures with medication, repeat MR was normal and the prior enhancement was no longer seen.

Traumatic intracavernous aneurysm in children: massive epistaxis without ophthalmic signs.

Traumatic intracavernous aneurysms are a distinctly uncommon lesion in children. They usually present with compressive symptoms of the III, IV, V, or VI cranial nerves rather than epistaxis. Epistaxis is rare and usually minor and brief in duration.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) effects on rat pineal neuroendocrine function.

This study investigated the effects of MRI on receptor-mediated activation of pineal gland indole biosynthesis. Exposure of rats to MRI reduced the effects of isoproterenol on pineal serotonin and N-acetylserotonin levels suggesting that strong magnetic fields and/or radio-frequency pulsing used in MRI inhibited beta-adrenergic activation of the gland. There was no effect of MRI on saline controls.

MRI and CT of sellar and parasellar disorders.

Discussion of the anatomy of the parasellar region focuses on the optic chiasm and its relationship to surrounding structures. CT and MRI are valuable tools in the imaging of these regions. This article provides a brief review of the technique of CT and MRI with visualized anatomic structures of these areas.

Optic nerve tumors: role of magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography.

Localization and pathologic diagnosis of optic nerve tumors have been greatly improved by high resolution computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Radiologic differentiation of the most common tumors of the optic nerve (meningioma and glioma) can be made by using these new imaging modalities. Early diagnosis of optic nerve lesions has resulted in better prognosis and surgical outcome.

Importance of metrizamide CT for evaluation of the thoracic spine.

Post-metrizamide myelographic CT of the area of interest is indicated in cases in which myelography is normal, and also in cases in which myelographic findings alone cannot explain the patient's symptoms. Obtaining early and 4-6 hour delayed CT is of great importance for the detection of syringomyelia and cystic lesions of the cord. In cases of congenital anomalies, additional information can be obtained by this method.

Isolated facial myokymia and facial contracture: computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging correlation.

Isolated facial myokymia with contracture can be the earliest manifestation of intrinsic lesions of the brainstem. We report a case of facial myokymia with contracture occurring as the result of a pontine glioma, as depicted on cranial computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging studies. The rostral location of the tumor supports the supranuclear disinhibition hypothesis of facial myokymia.

Toxemia of pregnancy: cerebral CT findings.

Four patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension (preeclampsia-eclampsia) and neurological dysfunction unrelated to intracranial hemorrhage, cerebral venous thrombosis, or preexisting neurological disorder had cranial CT performed during their hospitalization. Three patients had diffuse white matter hypodensities with associated mass effect. The fourth patient had bilateral, asymmetric hypodensities confined to the basal ganglia.

Cerebellar venous angiomas. A continuing controversy.

We have studied three patients with angiographically documented cerebellar venous angioma (CVA). One patient had a subacute cerebellar hematoma and underwent posterior fossa craniotomy for evacuation of the hematoma and excision of the malformation. A hemorrhagic venous infarction of the brain stem and cerebellum occurred, and the patient died three weeks postoperatively.

Cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea with bilateral intradiploic epidermoid tumors: a case report.

Bilateral large intradiploic epidermoid tumors of the occipital bone presented clinically with CSF rhinorrhea are presented.

Cerebellar infarction--clinical and cranial computerized tomography correlations.

We analyzed the clinical and cranial computerized tomographic (CT) features of 10 patients with cerebellar infarction. Among patients with recent cerebellar infarction, the initial CT often failed to demonstrate any recognizable abnormality. Because early neurological deterioration may arise despite normal CT studies, a high level of clinical awareness is critical for appropriate intervention.