Genetic control of wheat quality: interactions between chromosomal regions determining protein content and composition, dough rheology, and sponge and dough baking properties.

While the genetic control of wheat processing characteristics such as dough rheology is well understood, limited information is available concerning the genetic control of baking parameters, particularly sponge and dough (S&D) baking. In this study, a quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis was performed using a population of doubled haploid lines derived from a cross between Australian cultivars Kukri x Janz grown at sites across different Australian wheat production zones (Queensland in 2001 and 2002 and Southern and Northern New South Wales in 2003) in order to examine the genetic control of protein content, protein expression, dough rheology and sponge and dough baking performance. The study highlighted the inconsistent genetic control of protein content across the test sites, with only two loci (3A and 7A) showing QTL at three of the five sites.

A QTL on chromosome 6A in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) is associated with longer coleoptiles, greater seedling vigour and final plant height.

Wheat crops with greater early vigour shade the soil surface more rapidly and reduce water loss. Evaporative losses affect water-use efficiency particularly in drier regions where most of the rainfall occurs early in the growing season before canopy closure. Greater seedling leaf area and longer coleoptiles are major determinants of increased vigour and better crop establishment.

Molecular mapping of gibberellin-responsive dwarfing genes in bread wheat.

Opportunities exist for replacing reduced height (Rht) genes Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b with alternative dwarfing genes for bread wheat improvement. In this study, the chromosomal locations of several height-reducing genes were determined by screening populations of recombinant inbred lines or doubled haploid lines varying for plant height with microsatellite markers. Linked markers were found for Rht5 (on chromosome 3BS), Rht12 (5AL) and Rht13 (7BS), which accounted for most of the phenotypic variance in height in the respective populations.

Genetics of resistance to septoria tritici blotch in the Portuguese wheat breeding line TE 9111.

We report the genetics of resistance of the Portuguese wheat breeding line TE 9111 to septoria tritici blotch (STB), which is caused by Mycosphaerella graminicola. TE 9111 is the most resistant line known in Europe and combines isolate-non-specific, partial resistance with several isolate-specific resistances. We show that, in addition to high levels of partial resistance to STB, TE 9111 has a new gene for resistance to M.

Mapping and analysis of quantitative trait loci for grain oil content and agronomic traits using AFLP and SSR in sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.).

Crosses were made between two inbred lines of sunflower. Parents and 118 F(3) families were planted in the field in a randomized complete block design in two replications. Genetic control for some agronomical traits: grain weight by plant (GWP), 1,000-grain weight (TGW), percentage of oil in grain (POG) and sowing to flowering date (STF) was investigated in F(3) families and their parents.

Quantitative trait loci influencing chemical and sensory characteristics of eating quality in sweet corn.

This study was conducted to ascertain the chromosomal location and magnitude of effect of quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with the chemical and sensory properties of sweet corn (Zea mays L.) eating quality. Eighty-eight RFLPs, 3 cloned genes (sh1, sh2, and dhn1), and 2 morphological markers (a2 and se1) distributed throughout the sweet corn genome were scored in 214 F2:3 families derived from a cross between the inbreds W6786su1Se1 and IL731Asu1se1.

Genes from Lycopersicon chmielewskii affecting tomato quality during fruit ripening.

Three chromosomal segments from the wild tomato, L. chmielewskii, introgressed into the L. esculentum genome have been previously mapped to the middle and terminal regions of chromosome 7 (7M, 7T respectively), and to the terminal region of chromosome 10 (10T).

RFLP mapping of the sugary enhancer1 gene in maize.

RFLP marker data from an F2∶3 population derived from a cross between a sugary1 (su1) and a sugary enhancer1 (su1, sel) inbred were used to construct a genetic linkage map of maize. This map includes 93 segregating marker loci distributed throughout the maize genome, providing a saturated linkage map that is suitable for linkage analysis with quantitative trait loci (QTL). This population, which has been immortalized in the form of sibbed F2∶3 families, was derived from each of the 214 F2 plants and along with probe data are available to the scientific community.

Characterization of the effect of introgressed segments of chromosome 7 and 10 from Lycopersion chmielewskii on tomato soluble solids, pH, and yield.

Three chromosomal segments from the wild tomato L. chmielewskii have been introgressed into the L. esculentum genome.