Correlates of the HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders among adults living with HIV in Dodoma region, central Tanzania: A cross-sectional study.

Background: HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) continue to manifest despite advancements and improved antiretroviral therapy coverage. Neurocognitive impairment is a significant predictor of poor prognosis related to poor antiretroviral therapy adherence and retention in HIV care.

Methods: This cross-sectional study examined 397 participants attending cared for and treatment at Dodoma Regional Referral Hospital (DRRH) and selected by systematic sampling.

Neurocognitive decline as a major predictor of nonadherence to antiretroviral therapy among adults living with HIV in Dodoma region, central Tanzania.

Background: The survival of people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome largely depends on good adherence to antiretroviral medications. Neuropsychiatric conditions such as major depressive disorders (MDDs) and neurocognitive disorders, in particular, are common in the HIV population and attributed to suboptimal adherence to antiretroviral treatment and overall poor clinical outcomes. This study aimed to determine the association between neurocognitive disorders and nonadherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) in the Dodoma region's adult population living with HIV.

The influence of major depressive disorders on neurocognitive function among adults living with HIV/AIDS in a regional referral hospital in Dodoma, Tanzania.

Objective: To determine the influence of major depressive disorders (MDD) on the cognitive function of adults living with HIV and the prevalence of neurocognitive impairment and major depressive disorders.

Methods: The study was a cross-sectional design conducted in a referral hospital in Dodoma region central Tanzania, with a sample of 397 participants attained through systematic sampling. Neurocognitive impairment was assessed by Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), while MDD was assessed using Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.

Knowledge, attitude and practice towards malaria among symptomatic patients attending Tumbi Referral Hospital: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Despite significant improvement in prevention and control over the past decades malaria remains a significant public health concern in Tanzania with 93% of the population being at risk. To prevent malaria infection and promote malaria free zones, understanding the community's knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward malaria control are essential. This study therefore aimed at determining the levels of understanding, and attitudes, as well as socio-cultural aspects of malaria prevention and treatment-seeking behaviours among suspected malaria patients.

Complex visual hallucinatory experience in an elderly blind woman with glaucoma: revisiting Charles Bonnet syndrome.

For fear of being ridiculed, individuals with visual hallucinations hide their experiences and thus remain unrecognized and miss treatment. An elderly blind woman secondary to glaucoma experienced visual hallucinations accompanied by gross behavior disturbances. She improved with sodium valproate after haloperidol failed and remained relatively improved upon 3 months follow-up.

Prevalence and Correlates of Intestinal Parasites among Patients Admitted to Mirembe National Mental Health Hospital, Dodoma, Tanzania.

Background: Neglected tropical diseases continue to be one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the developing world. Psychiatric patients are among groups at risk for parasitic infection although control and monitoring programs largely overlook this population. This study aimed at determining prevalence and factors associated with intestinal parasitic infection among patients admitted to a psychiatric facility.

Abdominal epilepsy, an uncommon cause of chronic and recurrent abdominal pain: a case report.

Abdominal epilepsy is an uncommon cause of paroxysmal abdominal pain. It is relatively common in children, but very rare in adults. We report a case of 38-year-old, who reported with recurrent abdominal pain for 2 years.