Specialized nutritious foods and behavior change communication interventions during the first 1000 d of life to prevent stunting: a quasi-experimental study in Afghanistan.

Background: Considerable evidence supports the effectiveness of nutritional supplementation with or without nutrition education in preventing stunting in developing countries, but evidence from Afghanistan is scarce.

Objectives: This project aimed to assess the effectiveness of specialized nutritious food (SNF), social and behavior change communication (SBCC) intervention to prevent stunting among children under 2 y during the first 1000 d of life in Badakhshan, Afghanistan.

Methods: We used a community-based quasi-experimental pre-post study design with a control group.

Warfarin Therapy and Percutaneous Left Atrial Appendage Closure for a Patient with Atrial Fibrillation and Antithrombin-III Deficiency.

Some patients develop ischemic stroke despite taking direct oral anticoagulants because of the presence of other risk factors such as coagulopathies. A 65-year-old male patient with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) taking rivaroxaban was diagnosed as having embolic stroke and antithrombin-III (AT-III) deficiency. Echocardiography revealed a thrombus in the left atrial appendage (LAA).

CDK9 inhibition as an effective therapy for small cell lung cancer.

Treatment-naïve small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is typically susceptible to standard-of-care chemotherapy consisting of cisplatin and etoposide recently combined with PD-L1 inhibitors. Yet, in most cases, SCLC patients develop resistance to first-line therapy and alternative therapies are urgently required to overcome this resistance. In this study, we tested the efficacy of dinaciclib, an FDA-orphan drug and inhibitor of the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 9, among other CDKs, in SCLC.

The Therapeutic Efficacy of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Acute Toxoplasmosis in BALB/c Mice.

Background: infects nearly one-third of the world's population. Due to the significant side effects of current treatment options, identifying safe and effective therapies seems crucial. Nanoparticles (NPs) are new promising compounds in treating pathogenic organisms.

Therapeutic potentialities of green tea (Camellia sinensis) in ischemic stroke: biochemical and molecular evidence.

Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of disability and death in patients. Despite considerable recent advances in the treatment of ischemic stroke, only a limited number of effective neuroprotective agents are available for stroke. Green tea (Camellia sinensis) is a popular herbal plant, and numerous studies have indicated its health benefits for several diseases.

Cerebral Venous Thrombosis Mimicking Limbic Encephalitis.

Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is challenging to diagnose, as it presents with variable symptoms. We encountered a complicated case of CVT that mimicked limbic encephalitis due to sensory aphasia. Based on the characteristic magnetic resonance imaging findings, this 72-year-old Japanese man was later confirmed to have CVT, the cause of which was periodontitis due to Eikenella corrodens, a Gram-negative facultative anaerobic that is part of the mouth's normal flora.

Impact of JSS-PCS on the In-Hospital Workflow and Outcomes of Reperfusion Therapy for Acute Ischemic Stroke: Cases of a Metropolitan Secondary Emergency Facility.

Objective: Protected code stroke has been widely introduced in the emergency medical system for acute stroke in the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This study aims to confirm the effects of protected code stroke formulated by the Japan Stroke Society (JSS-PCS) on the quality and outcomes of reperfusion therapy for acute ischemic stroke (AIS), followed by evaluating its validity.

Methods: The subjects were 109 consecutive patients with AIS who underwent reperfusion therapy between January 2016 and July 2021, excluding in-hospital onset cases.

Evaluation of Charge and Energy Storage in Molecular Nanocapacitors.

A model is presented herein for the evaluation of stored charge and energy in molecular-scale capacitors composed of parallel nanosheets. In this model, the nanocapacitor is exposed to an external electric field, and the charging process is considered as a three-stage mechanism, including isolated, exposed, and frozen stages, where each stage possesses its own Hamiltonian and wavefunction. In this way, the third stage's Hamiltonian is the same as that of the first stage, while its wavefunction is frozen to that of the second stage, and consequently, stored energy can be calculated as the expectation value of second stage's wavefunction with respect to the first stage's Hamiltonian.

"Missing-piece" sign with dural arteriovenous fistula at craniocervical junction: A case report.

Objectives: Spinal dural arteriovenous fistula (sDAVF) is a rare and often underdiagnosed spinal disease. Early diagnosis is required because the deficits are reversible and delays in treatment cause permanent morbidity. Although the abnormal vascular flow void is a critical radiographic feature of sDAVF, they are not always present.

Long-lasting geroprotection from brief rapamycin treatment in early adulthood by persistently increased intestinal autophagy.

The licensed drug rapamycin has potential to be repurposed for geroprotection. A key challenge is to avoid adverse side effects from continuous dosing. Here we show that geroprotective effects of chronic rapamycin treatment can be obtained with a brief pulse of the drug in early adulthood in female Drosophila and mice.

The efficacy of cognitive-motor rehabilitation on cognitive functions and behavioral symptoms of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) children: Specification of near-transfer and far-transfer effects in comparison to medication.

Background And Aim: This study aimed to investigate and compare the efficacy of cognitive-motor rehabilitation (CMR) with methylphenidate on cognitive functions and behavioral symptoms of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and specified the near-transfer and far-transfer effects.

Materials And Methods: The research was semiexperimental with posttest and follow-up assessments, in a single-blind design. Forty-eight boys with ADHD, aged 9-12, were selected conveniently regarding the inclusion/exclusion criteria, matched base on severity and Intelligence quotient (IQ) and were randomly assigned to CMR ( = 16), methylphenidate medication (MED, = 16), and placebo CMR groups (PCMR, = 16).

Potential role of and its Constituent (Thymoquinone) in Ischemic Stroke.

Ischemic stroke is one of the major causes of global mortality, which puts great demands on health systems and social welfare. Ischemic stroke is a complex pathological process involving a series of mechanisms such as ROS accumulation, Ca+ overload, inflammation, and apoptosis. The lack of effective and widely applicable pharmacological treatments for ischemic stroke patients has led scientists to find new treatments.

Density functional theory computation of the intermolecular interactions of Al@C and Al@MgO semiconducting quantum dots conjugated with the glycine tripeptide.

The nature of intermolecular forces within semiconductor quantum dot systems can determine various physicochemical properties, as well as their functions, in nanomedical applications. The purpose of this study has been to investigate the nature of the intermolecular forces operating between Al@C and A@MgO semiconducting quantum dots and the glycine tripeptide (GlyGlyGly), and also consider whether permanent electric dipole-dipole interactions play a significant role these molecular systems. The energy computations, including the Keesom and the total electronic interactions and the energy decomposition, together with the quantum topology analyses were performed.

The role of a redox-active non-innocent ligand in additive-free C-C Glaser-Hay and Suzuki coupling reactions by an -aminophenol palladium(ii) complex.

A novel mononuclear palladium complex with 2-(3,5-di--butyl-2-hydroxyphenyl amino) benzonitrile as a non-innocent ligand (abbreviated as PdL ) was synthesized, and characterized by IR, UV-Vis, H and C NMR spectroscopies and elemental analysis. The crystal structure clearly showed that the metal center was in a square planar environment. The bond lengths obtained from X-ray structure analysis revealed that both ligands are in the -iminobenzosemiquinone radical form.

Predicting walking-to-work using street-level imagery and deep learning in seven Canadian cities.

New 'big data' streams such as street-level imagery are offering unprecedented possibilities for developing health-relevant data on the urban environment. Urban environmental features derived from street-level imagery have been used to assess pedestrian-friendly neighbourhood design and to predict active commuting, but few such studies have been conducted in Canada. Using 1.

International Sanctions and the Procurement of Medical Equipment in Iran: A Qualitative Study.

Despite regulations to facilitate the purchase of medical equipment, the process is now faced with severe challenges due to the sanctions. This study focuses on the effects of the international sanctions on the process of procuring capital medical equipment in the Iranian health system. A qualitative study using a content analysis approach was designed to investigate the effects of the international sanctions on capital medical equipment from January 2018 to June 2019.

Postbiotics of Lactobacillus casei target virulence and biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by modulating quorum sensing.

Among various anti-virulence aspects, the efficacy of the bioactive constituents of probiotics, referred to as postbiotics, to affect quorum sensing (QS)-modulated signaling of pathogens, is considered as a safe natural approach. The present study investigated the potential QS-inhibitory activity of lyophilized postbiotics from Lactobacillus casei sub sp. casei PTCC 1608 on virulence phenotypes and biofilm of two strains and three clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Effects of Curcumin on Depression and Anxiety: A Narrative Review of the Recent Clinical Data.

Depressive and anxiety disorders affect a significant proportion of the global population and constitute one of the highest disease burdens worldwide. Conventional pharmacological treatments are traditionally the first line of therapy for individuals affected by these conditions although these are only successful approximately half of the time and are often associated with undesirable side effects. This review describes the use of the natural substance curcumin as a potential alternative treatment of these mental disorders.

Molecular Detection of Zoonotic Pathogens in the Blood and Tissues of Camels () in Central Desert of Iran.

Dromedary camels () play a major economic role in many countries in Africa and Asia. Although they are resistant to harsh environmental conditions, they are susceptible to a wide range of zoonotic agents. This study aimed to provide an overview on the prevalence of selected zoonotic pathogens in blood and tissues of camels in central Iran.

Strong intramolecular hydrogen bonding in confined amino acids.

Intramolecular hydrogen bonding is evaluated in three different amino acids encapsulated in C fullerene in the context of electron density analysis. While conventional intramolecular hydrogen bonding in isolated amino acids are dominated by electrostatic character, it is shown that strong intramolecular hydrogen bonding can be formed in confined amino acids so that in two cases covalent intramolecular hydrogen bonding is appeared in the confined species. Also, results show that zwitterionic amino acids are stable in confined state, where no implicit or explicit solvation is applied.

Cancer in Iran 2008 to 2025: Recent incidence trends and short-term predictions of the future burden.

Policymakers require estimates of the future number of cancer patients in order to allocate finite resources to cancer prevention, treatment and palliative care. We examine recent cancer incidence trends in Iran and present predicted incidence rates and new cases for the entire country for the year 2025. We developed a method for approximating population-based incidence from the pathology-based data series available nationally for the years 2008 to 2013, and augmented this with data from the Iranian National Population-based Cancer Registry (INPCR) for the years 2014 to 2016.

Therapeutic Potential of Saffron ( L.) in Ischemia Stroke.

Stroke is the second leading cause of death and a main cause of disability worldwide. The majority (approximately 80%) of strokes are ischemic. Saffron ( L.

The therapeutic potential of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors in the treatment of pancreatic cancer.

Pancreatic cancer is among the most lethal malignancies with poor prognosis and patients become chemoresistant to current therapies, supporting further investigations to identify new therapeutic regimens in the treatment of this condition. Preclinical and clinical studies now appear to support the role of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in the regulation of tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis in different malignancies including pancreatic cancer. These studies suggest that RAS blockers; Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs); could have anti-carcinogenic effects and improve clinical outcomes in the management of pancreatic cancer.