Many protein-ionic liquid investigations have examined laccase interactions. Laccases are a class of poly-copper oxidoreductases that retain significant biotechnological relevance owing to their notable oxidative capabilities and their application in the elimination of synthetic dyes, phenolic compounds, insecticides, and various other substances. This study investigates the impact of surface active ionic liquids (SAILs), namely, decyltrimethylammonium bromide [N][Br] and 1-decyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride [C][Cl] as cationic surfactant ionic liquids and cholinium decanoate [Chl][Dec], an anionic surfactant ionic liquid, on the structure and function of laccase from the fungus Trametes versicolor (TvL) by the molecular dynamics (MD) simulation method.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn December 2019, Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first identified and designated as a pandemic in March 2020 due to rapid spread of the virus globally. At the beginning of the pandemic, only a few treatment options, mainly focused on supportive care and repurposing medications, were available. Due to its effects on immune system, vitamin D was a topic of interest during the pandemic, and researchers investigated its potential impact on COVID-19 outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFγδ T cells are rare lymphocytes with cogent impact on immune responses. These cells are one of the earliest cells to be recruited in the sites of infection or tumors and play a critical role in coordinating innate and adaptive immune responses. The anti-tumor activity of γδ T cells have been numerously reported; nonetheless, there is controversy among published studies regarding their anti-tumor vs pro-tumor effect- especially in pancreatic cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Oxidative stress and chronic hyperglycemia are two major side effects of type 2 diabetes affecting all cell types including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). As a cell therapy choice, understanding the behavior of MSCs will provide crucial information for efficient treatment.
Methods: Placental mesenchymal stem cells were treated with various concentrations of glucose, metformin, rapamycin, and hydrogen peroxide to monitor their viability and cell cycle distribution.
Objective: Homo- and heterodimerization of the receptor tyrosine kinase HER2 hyperactivate several downstream signaling pathways, leading to uncontrolled growth and proliferation of tumor cells. Anti-HER2 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) may induce different effects on HER2 dimerization and signaling. Methods: The effect of two inhibitory (2A8, 1T0) and one stimulatory (1H9) anti-HER2 mAbs either alone or in combination with trastuzumab was investigated on AKT and ERK signaling pathways and HER2 degradation in a human breast cancer cell line (BT-474) by Western blotting.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Chem Genom Transl Med
June 2018
Background: Hypercholesterolemia is a modifiable risk factor in atherosclerosis with a complex association with inflammation.
Objective: In the present study, the association between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and interleukin 17A (IL-17A), as an inflammatory cytokine, was investigated. In addition to IL-17A, serum levels of interleukin 23 (IL-23) and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), as effective cytokines in T helper 17 cell (Th17) development, were also determined.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have therapeutic potential for treatment of diabetes. However, in vitro behavior of MSCs in high glucose condition as well as presence of glucose lowering agents is not fully understood. Because MSCs have an important role in tissue repair, we examined the effects of metformin and celecoxib on viability of MSCs in different glucose conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections are major health problem in the world. Hairdressers (barbers) are in continuous contact with scissors and blades, and are considered a high-risk group for these infections.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of hepatitis B and C infections in barbers in Tehran and to evaluate their attitudes and knowledge about the occupational risk of these infections.
Targeted-based cancer therapy (TBCT) or personalized medicine is one of the main treatment modalities for cancer that has been developed to decrease the undesirable effects of chemotherapy. Targeted therapy inhibits the growth of tumor cells by interrupting with particular molecules required for tumorigenesis and proliferation of tumor cells rather than interfering with dividing normal cells. Therefore, targeted therapies are anticipated to be more efficient than former tumor treatment agents with minimal side effects on non-tumor cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFType 1 diabetes is recognized as an autoimmune inflammatory disease and low grade inflammation is also observed in type 2 diabetic patients. Interleukin 17 (IL-17) is a new player in inflammation. Th17 cells, as the main source of IL-17, require transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) and interleukin 23 (IL-23).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The antibody response to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) controls hepatitis B virus infection. The "a" determinant of HBsAg is the most important target for protective antibody response, diagnosis and immunoprophylaxis. Mutations in this area may induce immune escape mutants and affect the performance of HBsAg assays.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the 10th leading cause of death worldwide. The most important diagnostic and screening marker for HBV infection is Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), and the most widely used HBsAg screening test is Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). In this study, an ELISA assay has been developed for detection of HBsAg using two novel monoclonal antibodies (mAb) as capture layer and a polyclonal biotinylated Ab as detector phase.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGalectin-1 (Gal-1) and galectin-3 (Gal-3) molecules are involved in many vital, biological, and pathological processes. In this study the expression pattern of these two molecules was investigated in leukemic cells from 85 Iranian chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients, classified into indolent, progressive, mutated, and unmutated subtypes by semiquantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and flow cytometry methods. Our results showed significant downregulation of Gal-3, but not Gal-1, in CLL patients compared with normal subjects (p < .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecent molecular investigations have demonstrated over-expression of a large number of tumor associated antigens (TAAs) in a variety of malignancies. Over-expression of ROR1 gene, a member of the receptor tyrosine kinase family, has recently been reported in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Wilms' tumor gene 1 (WT1) has long been known as a universal TAA expressed in a variety of solid and hematopoietic malignancies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReceptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are a group of enzymes involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. The human Ror1 is a member of the RTK family with unknown ligand and biological function. Overexpression of Ror1 has recently been reported in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAim: To investigate the reactivity of a panel of 8 mouse anti-hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) using a collection of 9 recombinant HBsAg mutants with a variety of amino acid substitutions mostly located within the "a" region.
Methods: The entire HBs genes previously cloned into a mammalian expression vector were transiently transfected into COS7 cells. Two standard unmutated sequences of the ayw and adw subtypes served as controls.
Fibromodulin is an extracellular matrix protein normally produced by collagen-rich tissues; the fibromodulin gene has been found to be the most overexpressed gene in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. In this study, fibromodulin was expressed at the gene level (reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction [RT-PCR]) in all patients with B-CLL (n = 75) and in most (5 of 7) patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). No mutations in the fibromodulin gene were detected.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF