Effects of Salinity on Physiological, Biochemical and Gene Expression Parameters of Black Tiger Shrimp (): Potential for Farming in Low-Salinity Environments.

Salinity is one of the most important abiotic factors affecting growth, metabolism, immunity and survival of aquatic species in farming environments. As a euryhaline species, the black tiger shrimp () can tolerate a wide range of salinity levels and is farmed between brackish to marine water conditions. The current study tested the effects of six different salinity levels (0‱, 2.

Understanding the Genomic Basis of Adaptive Response to Variable Osmotic Niches in Freshwater Prawns: A Comparative Intraspecific RNA-Seq Analysis of Macrobrachium australiense.

Understanding the molecular basis of adaptive response to variable environmental conditions is a central goal of evolutionary biology. Here, we sought to identify potential outlier single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 3 wild populations of a freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium australiense) that are exposed to differing osmotic niches by using a comparative transcriptomics approach. De novo assembly of approximately 542 million (75 nt) pair end reads collected from 10 individuals revealed 123396 longer contigs/transcripts of variable length, that showed 97.

A transcriptomic scan for potential candidate genes involved in osmoregulation in an obligate freshwater palaemonid prawn ().

Background: Understanding the genomic basis of osmoregulation (candidate genes and/or molecular mechanisms controlling the phenotype) addresses one of the fundamental questions in evolutionary ecology. Species distributions and adaptive radiations are thought to be controlled by environmental salinity levels, and efficient osmoregulatory (ionic balance) ability is the main mechanism to overcome the problems related to environmental salinity gradients.

Methods: To better understand how osmoregulatory performance in freshwater (FW) crustaceans allow individuals to acclimate and adapt to raised salinity conditions, here we (i), reviewed the literature on genes that have been identified to be associated with osmoregulation in FW crustaceans, and (ii), performed a transcriptomic analysis using cDNA libraries developed from mRNA isolated from three important osmoregulatory tissues (gill, antennal gland, hepatopancreas) and total mRNA from post larvae taken from the freshwater prawn, using Illumina deep sequencing technology.