Niosomal nanocarriers loaded with artemisinin has potential to enhance the functional characteristics of cryo-preserved equine spermatozoa.

Cryopreservation is a crucial method for the preservation of genetic materials. Nevertheless, this technique can have adverse effects due to cryo-oxidative damage. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the cryo-protective effects of niosomal nanocarriers loaded with artemisinin (NN-Art) on the functional attributes of equine spermatozoa.

Effect of maltodextrin and Persian gum as wall materials and tannic acid as copigment on some properties of encapsulated sour cherry anthocyanin microcapsules.

Due to the instability of anthocyanins, their application as natural colorants is limited. To improve their stability, anthocyanins extracted from sour cherry were copigmented with tannic acid at varying molar ratios. The optimal anthocyanin:copigment molar ratio was determined to be 1:0.

Cost-Effectiveness and Budget Impact Analysis of Apixaban and Rivaroxaban Versus Warfarin in the Prevention of Stroke in Patients With Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation (NVAF) in Iran.

Introduction: This study evaluates the cost-effectiveness of Apixaban and Rivaroxaban, compared to Warfarin, for stroke prevention in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation in Iran.

Method: A Markov model with a 30-year time horizon was employed to simulate and assess different treatment strategies' cost-effectiveness. The study population comprised Iranian adults with NVAF, identified through specialist consultations, hospital visits, and archival record reviews.

Effects of sesame dehulling on physicochemical and sensorial properties of its oil.

At present, sesame oil is extracted from un-hulled white sesame seeds by using cold press lubrication machines in local stores in Iran. This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical properties and safety parameters of the hulled and un-hulled white sesame oils. The fatty acid composition, antioxidant activity, oxalates content, total phenolic content, carotenoid content, acid value, peroxide value, p-anisidine value, value total oxidation value (TOTOX), aflatoxins and pesticides residue, smoke point, color, relative density, and refractive index of oil sample were examined immediately after extracting the oil.

Cost-Effectiveness Comparison between Ticagrelor and Clopidogrel in Acute Coronary Syndrome in Iran.

Background: The present study aimed to determine the cost-effectiveness of ticagrelor compared with clopidogrel in Iranian patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

Methods: A 1-year decision tree model combined with a 20-year Markov transition model was used to simulate the long-term cost and effectiveness of both ticagrelor and clopidogrel in Iran based on an Iranian payer's perspective. Clinical efficacy data were extracted from the PLATO trial and other published studies.

Identification of Tartrazine adulteration and evaluating exposure to synthetic dyes of sunset yellow and Quinoline yellow through consumption of food products among children.

Excessive consumption of synthetic food dyes by children may raise concerns about their health. These dyes may aggravate the hyperactivity symptoms and exacerbate asthma in sensitive children. The purpose of this study was to determine the presence of sunset yellow and quinoline yellow dyes, as well as tartrazine in dairy-free fruit ice cream, freeze pop, jelly, and candy.

Development of fortified probiotic dairy desserts with added date extract, whey protein, inulin, folic acid, vitamin D and calcium.

This study aimed to develop fortified dairy desserts containing and evaluate the physicochemical, sensory, and microbiological characteristics of the product during 28 days of storage. Seven dairy desserts were formulated by date extract (8%), whey protein (1.56%), inulin (4%(, folic acid (0.

Short quality of life scale: A cross-cultural validation in Iranian patients with multiple sclerosis.

Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is the prioritized measure in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. The short quality of life scale (SQoL) developed by Devy et al. (2013) is an MS-specific and abbreviated scale with ten items suitable for routine medical care settings.

Effects of vitamin D-fortified oil intake versus vitamin D supplementation on vitamin D status and bone turnover factors: A double blind randomized clinical trial.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of vitamin D fortified oil consumption and vitamin D supplementation on serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D and bone turnover factors.

Methods: This study was a double-blind, parallel, randomized controlled clinical trial conducted over 12 weeks on 93 healthy participants aged 18-30 years. Participants were randomly allocated to 1 of the 3 groups: (a) supplement (a tablet of 1000 IU vitamin D supplement + 25 g canola oil daily, n = 31); (b) fortified oil (a placebo tablet + 25 g canola oil fortified with 1000 IU vitamin D daily, n = 30) and (c) control (a placebo tablet + 25 g canola oil, n = 32).

Sphingomyelin liposome bearing whole lysate antigens induce strong Th2 immune response in BALB/c mice.

Objectives: Whole lysate antigens (WLL) has been shown to be effective to tackle leishmaniasis in murine models. Although liposomes can be considered as promising vaccines, the activity of phospholipase-A (PLA) in WLL, breeds difficulties to preparing stable liposomal WLL. One strategy to overcome this shortcoming is to use lipids such as sphingomyelin (SM) which is resistant against PLA.

Preparation of nanoliposomes containing HER2/neu (P5+435) peptide and evaluation of their immune responses and anti-tumoral effects as a prophylactic vaccine against breast cancer.

HER2/neu is an immunogenic protein inducing both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. The antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) are the main effector immune cells in the anti-tumor immunity. To induce an effective CTL specific response against P5+435 single peptide derived from rat HER2/neu oncogene, we used a liposome delivery vehicle.

A Phospholipase-A Activity in Soluble Antigens Causes Instability of Liposomes.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the existence of phospholipase-A (PLA) activity in Soluble L. major Antigens (SLA) because of no reports for it so far. Liposomes were used as sensors to evaluate PLA activity.

Development of a topical liposomal formulation of Amphotericin B for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Background: Currently, there is no topical treatment available for any form of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in most of the endemic areas. The aim of the current study was to develop a topical nano-liposomal Amphotericin B (AmB) for the treatment of CL.

Methodology/principal Findings: Liposomes containing 0.

Thermal Stability and Kinetic Study on Thermal Degradation of Vitamin D in Fortified Canola Oil.

Nowadays, fortified vegetable oils with vitamin D are widely available in different countries and are consumed daily. The reduction rate of added vitamin D in fortified canola oil during heating process, the changes in oxidative status, and the thermal kinetic degradation of vitamin D in the fortified oil were investigated. For this purpose, canola oil was fortified at two levels of vitamin D with 5.

Interactive anticancer effect of nanomicellar curcumin and galbanic acid combination therapy with some common chemotherapeutics in colon carcinoma cells.

Objective: In the current investigation, we aimed to study the combined cytotoxicity of curcumin, as a nanomicellar formulation, and galbanic acid (Gal), dissolved in DMSO against the murine C26 and human Caco-2 colon carcinoma cells. Further, curcumin potential for cisplatin and doxorubicin (Dox) co-therapy was studied.

Materials And Methods: The combined cytotoxic effect of these phytochemicals at varying dose ratios were examined using the MTT colorimetric assay.

Preparation of nanoliposomes linked to HER2/neu-derived (P5) peptide containing MPL adjuvant as vaccine against breast cancer.

The study was aimed at evaluating antitumor and immunomodulatory effects of liposomal vaccine composed of P5 human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)/neu-derived peptide coupled to the surface of high-temperature nanoliposomes containing distearoylphosphocholine:distearoylphosphoglycerol:Chol:dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE) comprising monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) adjuvant in HER2/neu overexpressing the breast cancer model. BALB/c mice bearing TUBO carcinoma were subcutaneously immunized with formulations containing 10 µg P5 peptide and 25 µg MPL three times with 2-week intervals. To determine immuno responses in immunized mice, the amount of released interferon-γ and IL-4 were measured by the enzyme-linked immunospot method and the flow cytometric analysis on the isolated splenocytes.

Cationic liposomes formulated with a novel whole Leishmania lysate (WLL) as a vaccine for leishmaniasis in murine model.

Although there have been numerous attempts to develop a successful vaccine against leishmaniasis, based on the clinical trial in this field, no vaccine against Leishmania in routine way can be found for globally effective vaccination in human. Amongst, first generation vaccines consisting of parasite fractions or whole killed Leishmania showed more successful results in clinical trials. It seems that the main reason for the low efficacy of these vaccines is lack of a suitable adjuvant.

Stimulation of Tumor-Specific Immunity by p5 HER-2/neu Generated Peptide Encapsulated in Nano-liposomes with High Phase Transition Temperature Phospholipids.

Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate the possible advantages of liposomes with high transition temperature (Tm) in the function of a vaccine for P5 HER2/neu-generated peptide and its adjuvant action to elicit CD8+ T cell response and its efficacy in TUBO in vivo tumor mice model, which over expresses the HER2/neu oncogene. P5, a hydrophobic peptide, was encapsulated in the nanoliposomes consisting of DSPC/DSPG/Chol(Tm 54°C) with a chaotropic loading system via 7M urea and described by size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, and the structural stability of SDS-PAGE.

Methods: We immunized the mice for three times subcutaneously based on a two-week intervals using encapsulated peptide in the nanoliposomes, empty liposome, P5 in PBS, and PBS.

Cationic Immune Stimulating Complexes Containing Soluble Leishmania Antigens: Preparation, Characterization and in Vivo Immune Response Evaluation.

Background: Cationic immune stimulating complexes (PLUSCOMs) are particulate antigen delivery systems. PLUSCOMs consist of cationic immunostimulatory complexes (ISCOMs) derivatives and are able to elicit in vivo T cell responses against an antigen.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of PLUSCOMs containing Leishmania major antigens (SLA) on the type of immune response generated in the murine model of leishmaniasis.

Optimizing the therapeutic efficacy of cisplatin PEGylated liposomes via incorporation of different DPPG ratios: In vitro and in vivo studies.

The anionic lipid DPPG is known to enhance the cellular uptake of liposomes by forming phase boundaries of high fusogenic potentials in vesicular membranes. The focus of this study is to optimize DPPG concentrations to improve the therapeutic efficacy of cisplatin-loaded liposomes. First, cisplatin liposomes composed of HSPC, mPEG2000-DSPE and cholesterol with increasing amounts of DPPG (10, 20 and 30% mol) were prepared by ethanol injection.

Immunoliposomes containing Soluble Leishmania Antigens (SLA) as a novel antigen delivery system in murine model of leishmaniasis.

Development of new generation of vaccines against leishmaniasis requires adjuvants to elicit the type and intensity of immune response needed for protection. The coupling of target-specific antibodies to the liposomal surface to create immunoliposomes has appeared as a promising way in achieving a liposome active targeting. In this study, immunoliposomes were prepared by grafting non-immune mouse IgG onto the liposomal surface.

Sphingomyelin Liposomes Containing Soluble Leishmania major antigens Induced Strong Th2 Immune Response in BALB/c Mice.

Objective(s): Soluble Leishmania antigens (SLA) provide suitable protection against leishmaniasis in murine model when delivered by an appropriate delivery system. Liposomes have been shown to be suitable vaccine delivery systems against leishmaniasis, however, the phospholipase-A (PLA) activity of SLA is a drawback to prepare a stable liposomal SLA. One strategy to overcome this problem might be using a lipid which is resistant to PLA activity of SLA such as sphingomyelin (SM).

Stability of vitamin D(3) encapsulated in nanoparticles of whey protein isolate.

Vitamin D(3) was entrapped in whey protein isolate (WPI) nanoparticles prepared by different calcium concentration and aggregation pH. Its stability was investigated in presence of air for 7days. Residual of vitamin D(3) in nanoparticles was higher compared to control samples (water, native WPI and denaturized WPI).

Induction of protection against leishmaniasis in susceptible BALB/c mice using simple DOTAP cationic nanoliposomes containing soluble Leishmania antigen (SLA).

A suitable adjuvant and delivery system are needed to develop an effective vaccine against leishmaniasis. To induce a Th1 type of response and protection in BALB/c mice against Leishmania major infection, 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane (DOTAP) nanoliposomes bearing an intrinsic adjuvanticity, were used as an antigen delivery system and immunoadjuvant for soluble Leishmania antigens (SLA). DOTAP liposomes containing different concentrations of SLA were prepared by using lipid film method followed by sonication.