Thalamic Magnetic Susceptibility (χ) Alterations in Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping Studies.

Background: Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM) provides a non-invasive post-processing method to investigate alterations in magnetic susceptibility (χ), reflecting iron content within brain regions implicated in neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs).

Purpose: To investigate alterations in thalamic χ in patients with NDDs using QSM.

Study Type: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Self-assembling peptide nanofibers and nanoceramics in a model of alveolar bone repair: Insights from in vivo experiments and clinical trial.

Introduction: Tooth extraction initiates a cascade of homeostatic and structural modifications within the periodontal tissues, culminating in alveolar ridge resorption. To prevent ridge resorption following extraction and facilitate successful placement of an implant-supported prosthesis, alveolar ridge preservation was performed.

Methods: In this study, the biocompatibility of a nanocomposite consisting of self-assembling peptide nanofibers (organic phase) and tri-calcium phosphate-nano hydroxyapatite (mineral phase), was evaluated in rabbits.

Violence against infertile women in an Iranian setting.

Background: Infertility as a distressing condition, is associated with numerous psychological and social consequences for couples. In addition, there is evidence to suggest that infertility may contribute to the occurrence of violence against women. The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence and factors associated with violence against Iranian women with infertility.

Modeling of warm dense hydrogen via explicit real-time electron dynamics: Dynamic structure factors.

We present two methods for computing the dynamic structure factor for warm dense hydrogen without invoking either the Born-Oppenheimer approximation or the Chihara decomposition, by employing a wave-packet description that resolves the electron dynamics during ion evolution. First, a semiclassical method is discussed, which is corrected based on known quantum constraints, and second, a direct computation of the density response function within the molecular dynamics. The wave-packet models are compared to PIMC and DFT-MD for the static and low-frequency behavior.

Pivotal Role of miRNA-lncRNA Interactions in Human Diseases.

New technologies have shown that most of the genome comprises transcripts that cannot code for proteins and are referred to as non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Some ncRNAs, like long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs), are of substantial interest because of their critical function in controlling genes and numerous biological activities. The expression levels and function of miRNAs and lncRNAs are rigorously monitored throughout developmental processes and the maintenance of physiological homeostasis.

Bioinspired synthetic peptide-based biomaterials regenerate bone through biomimicking of extracellular matrix.

There have been remarkable advancements in regenerative medicine for bone regeneration, tackling the worldwide health concern of tissue loss. Tissue engineering uses the body's natural capabilities and applies biomaterials and bioactive molecules to replace damaged or lost tissues and restore their functionality. While synthetic ceramics have overcome some challenges associated with allografts and xenografts, they still need essential growth factors and biomolecules.

Genistein Enhances the Beneficial Effects of Exercise on Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Balance and Cardiomyopathy in Ovariectomized Diabetic Rats.

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the effects of genistein, swimming exercise, and their co-treatment on heart oxidative stress, inflammation, and cardiomyopathy in ovariectomized diabetic rats.

Background: It is well-established that diabetes is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease in both young and postmenopausal women. Genistein is a natural phytoestrogen that has estrogenic effects.

Investigating the effect of LncRNA DLGAP1-AS2 suppression on chemosensitivity of gastric cancer to chemotherapy.

Gastric cancer, as the fifth most frequent disease and the fourth foremost cause of cancer-related death worldwide, remains a main clinical challenge due to its poor prognosis, limited treatment choices, and ability to metastasize. Combining siRNAs to suppress lncRNA with chemotherapeutic medications is a novel treatment approach that eventually increases the therapeutic efficacy of the drug while lessening its adverse effects. This study was performed with the purpose of examining the impact of inhibiting DLGAP1-AS2 expression on gastric cancer cells' drug chemosensitivity.

EquiCity game: a mathematical serious game for participatory design of spatial configurations.

We propose a mathematical framework for developing social-choice games that are designed to mediate decision-making processes for city planning, urban area redevelopment, and architectural configuration of urban housing complexes. The proposed framework features a digital serious gaming approach for participatory design to support transparency and inclusion in the process of decision-making and ensure an equitable balance of sustainable development goals in spatial design outcomes. The mathematical process consists of a Markovian design machine for balancing the design decisions of actors, a massing configurator equipped with fuzzy logic and multi-criteria decision analysis, algebraic graph-theoretical accessibility evaluators, and automated solar-climatic evaluators using geospatial computational geometry.

Antifungal activity of FeO@SiO/Schiff-base/Cu(II) magnetic nanoparticles against pathogenic Candida species.

The antifungal efficacy and cytotoxicity of a novel nano-antifungal agent, the FeO@SiO/Schiff-base complex of Cu(II) magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), have been assessed for targeting drug-resistant Candida species. Due to the rising issue of fungal infections, especially candidiasis, and resistance to traditional antifungals, there is an urgent need for new therapeutic strategies. Utilizing Schiff-base ligands known for their broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, the FeO@SiO/Schiff-base/Cu(II) MNPs have been synthesized.

Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Considerations of Novel Antibiotic Agents for Pediatric Infections: A Narrative Review.

Currently, the escalation of microbial resistance poses a significant global challenge. Children are more susceptible to develop infections and therefore are prescribed antibiotics more frequently. The overuse and misuse of antibiotics in pediatric patients can play a considerable role in developing microbial resistance.

First Dark Matter Search Results from the LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) Experiment.

The LUX-ZEPLIN experiment is a dark matter detector centered on a dual-phase xenon time projection chamber operating at the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota, USA. This Letter reports results from LUX-ZEPLIN's first search for weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) with an exposure of 60 live days using a fiducial mass of 5.5 t.

Isfahan general dentist's awareness, attitude, and performance regarding prescription of new caries prevention materials containing calcium and fluoride components.

Background: Fluoride Ion can cause remineralization of primary caries lesions in the presence of calcium and phosphate. New compounds of calcium-containing casein phosphopeptides-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP), make the remineralization more effective. This research has been done to evaluate the awareness, attitude, and performance of Isfahan general dentists regarding the prescription of new caries prevention materials containing calcium and fluoride components.

Analysis of EMT induction in a non-invasive breast cancer cell line by mesenchymal stem cell supernatant: Study of 2D and 3D microfluidic based aggregate formation and migration ability, and cytoskeleton remodeling.

Aims: The process of Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) as a phenotypic invasive shift and the factors affecting it, are under extensive research. Application of supernatants of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADMSCs) on non-invasive cancer cells is a well known method of in vitro induction of EMT like process. While previous researches have focused on the effects of hADMSCs supernatant on the biochemical signaling pathways of the cells through expression of different proteins and genes, we investigated pro-carcinogic alterations of physico-mechanical cues in terms of changes in cell motility and aggregated formation in 3D microenvironments, and cytoskeletal actin-myosin content and fiber arrangement.

Discovering Quantum Phase Transitions with Fermionic Neural Networks.

Deep neural networks have been very successful as highly accurate wave function Ansätze for variational Monte Carlo calculations of molecular ground states. We present an extension of one such Ansatz, FermiNet, to calculations of the ground states of periodic Hamiltonians, and study the homogeneous electron gas. FermiNet calculations of the ground-state energies of small electron gas systems are in excellent agreement with previous initiator full configuration interaction quantum Monte Carlo and diffusion Monte Carlo calculations.

Nano-scaled emulsion and nanogel containing Mentha pulegium essential oil: cytotoxicity on human melanoma cells and effects on apoptosis regulator genes.

Background: Topical drug delivery using nanoemulsions and nanogels is a promising approach to treating skin disorders such as melanoma.

Methods: In this study, the chemical composition of Mentha pulegium essential oil with five major compounds, including pulegone (68.11%), l-menthone (8.

Genetic polymorphisms of glucocorticoid receptor and their association with new-onset diabetes mellitus in kidney transplant recipients.

Introduction: The variability in developing New-onset Diabetes Mellitus After Transplantation (NODAT), together with previously well-established interindividual variation in glucocorticoid sensitivity, led us to hypothesize that polymorphisms in the NR3C1 gene encoding glucocorticoid receptor may alter glucose balance in kidney transplant recipients. This study aimed to evaluate the association of three functional polymorphisms, BclI, N363S, and ER22/23EK, on the NR3C1 gene with NODAT in kidney allograft recipients.

Methods: From Jun 2020 to July 2022 in Shiraz, 52 patients with NODAT (case group) and 52 non-diabetic kidney transplant recipients (control group) were randomly screened and recruited in this case-control study.

Evaluation of the Factors Associated with Prescribed and Non-Prescribed Medicine: A Population-Based Study.

Objectives: Several factors influence medication patterns. The purpose of this study was to look into the role of social determinants in the use of prescribed and non-prescribed medications in a population-based setting of people over 18 in a southern metropolis of Iran (Shiraz) for 2 years.

Study Design: Prospective population-based cross-sectional.

Effects of chemically EGFR targeting on non-targeted physical cell behaviors in 2D and 3D microfluidic cultures of invasive and non-invasive breast cancer cell lines.

Cancer development comprehends changes in cell structural and physical states. Cancer cells are softer than normal cells, produce higher contractile forces, and migrate more easily. While chemotherapy, targets proteins involved in biological behaviors, it may affect cell physicomechanical state due to the interconnections among signaling pathways.

Optimizing cropping pattern to improve the performance of irrigation network using system dynamics-Powell algorithm.

One of the strategies for agricultural development is the optimal use of irrigation and drainage networks, which leads to higher productivity and economic benefits. In this regard, quantitative and qualitative studies of drainage water from networks are essential for efficient water management. In the present study, we develop a model using a system dynamics approach to simulate the cropping pattern of an irrigation and drainage network as well as the discharge and salinity of drainage water from network farms.

Quasiparticle Effective Mass of the Three-Dimensional Fermi Liquid by Quantum Monte Carlo.

According to Landau's Fermi liquid theory, the main properties of the quasiparticle excitations of an electron gas are embodied in the effective mass m^{*}, which determines the energy of a single quasiparticle, and the Landau interaction function, which indicates how the energy of a quasiparticle is modified by the presence of other quasiparticles. This simple paradigm underlies most of our current understanding of the physical and chemical behavior of metallic systems. The quasiparticle effective mass of the three-dimensional homogeneous electron gas has been the subject of theoretical controversy, and there is a lack of experimental data.

Development of an Ultra-Sensitive and Flexible Piezoresistive Flow Sensor Using Vertical Graphene Nanosheets.

This paper suggests development of a flexible, lightweight, and ultra-sensitive piezoresistive flow sensor based on vertical graphene nanosheets (VGNs) with a mazelike structure. The sensor was thoroughly characterized for steady-state and oscillatory water flow monitoring applications. The results demonstrated a high sensitivity (103.