Tuberculosis in the middle of COVID-19 in Morocco: efforts, challenges and recommendations.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a deadly infectious disease that kills approximately 1.5 million people per year and is among the most frequent respiratory infections in developing countries. Morocco has made significant progress in the control and management of TB during the past 30 years thanks to its National Plan for Tuberculosis and the continuous support of national and international partners.

Serum Adipokines as Predictors for the Outcome of Prostate Biopsies at Early Stage Prostate Cancer Diagnosis.

Purpose: Elevated adipokines in patients with obesity and metabolic syndrome have been linked to increased risk of prostate cancer (PCa). The association between select serum adipokines and the outcome of prostate biopsies alone and in combination with clinical parameters at different early stages of PCa was investigated.

Patients And Methods: Clinical data and serum adipokines were retrieved from three retrospective cohorts representing men at different points in PCa detection: 1.

Risk of Bone Fractures Following Urinary Intestinal Diversion: A Population Based Study.

Purpose: Patients with bladder cancer who undergo intestinal urinary diversion may be at increased risk for bone fractures thought to be secondary to chronic metabolic acidosis and ensuing bone loss. Our main objective was to assess whether patients who undergo intestinal urinary diversion are at increased risk for fracture.

Materials And Methods: Patients who underwent intestinal urinary diversion between 1994 and 2014 in Ontario, Canada were identified using linked administrative databases.

Surgical management of buried penis in adults.

Introduction: Buried penis is a condition that causes the penis to become hidden beneath the skin. It has a significant impact on quality of life and can present in a variety of ways, with lower urinary tract symptoms and erectile dysfunction being common. Whilst there are several causes, obesity is the most common in adults.

Impact of oral hypoglycemic agents on mortality among diabetic patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: A populationbased analysis.

Introduction: Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) accounts for 75-85% of all urothelial bladder cancers (UBC). Many UBC patients are also afflicted by diabetes mellitus (DM). It has been postulated that several oral hypoglycemic agents could impact disease-specific survival (DSS), but the data are sparse among NMIBC patients.

Contemporary practice of testicular prosthesis insertion.

Objectives: To assess the practice of testicular prosthesis insertion (TPI) related to orchidectomy in one geographical region and to identify the difference in the rates of insertion among different age groups.

Patients And Methods: Males who underwent orchidectomy between 1989 and 2009 were identified from data collected from Scottish Morbidity Records. Patients were classified into six age groups.

The effect of metformin on cancer-specific survival outcomes in diabetic patients undergoing radical cystectomy for urothelial carcinoma of the bladder.

Purpose: Metformin, a first-line oral therapy for diabetes, has anticancer properties. Our objective was to evaluate the association between metformin use and oncologic outcomes in diabetic patients undergoing radical cystectomy (RC) for bladder cancer (BC).

Methods: A single-institution retrospective cohort (January 1997-June 2013) of diabetic patients undergoing RC was assembled.

Enhanced recovery protocols in urological surgery: a systematic review.

Introduction: The principles of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols have been developed to optimize care and facilitate recovery after major surgery. The purpose of this systematic review is to present an up-to-date assessment of the perioperative cares in complex urological surgery from the available evidence and ERAS group recommendations.

Materials And Methods: Systematic searches of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library and conference abstracts and bibliographies databases.

Is Immediate Radical Cystectomy Necessary for All Patients with Non-Muscle-Invasive Micropapillary Bladder Cancer?

Introduction: We aim to review the outcomes of micropapillary urothelial carcinoma (MPUC) of the bladder from a single institution. The hypothesis is that non-muscle-invasive (NMI) MPUC may have a heterogeneous prognosis, and detailed pathological analysis may identify patients that could be managed without immediate cystectomy.

Patients And Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of patients presenting with MPUC in a primary transurethral resection specimen (n = 40).

Squamous cell carcinoma of the prostate following treatment with an LHRH-agonist: a rare case of transformation of adenocarcinoma of the prostate.

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a rare variant of prostate cancer. We report a case of a patient who was diagnosed with metastatic adenocarcinoma of the prostate, treated with leuprorelin and subsequently found to have SCC 18 months later. We have found one case in the literature with a similar scenario of possible transformation of adenocarcinoma to SCC secondary to luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) treatment.

Computed tomography urography 1: techniques and technology.

Contrast-enhanced computed tomography urography has become possible because of the development of multidetector technology, which has evolved to try and increase its diagnostic efficacy and reduce the radiation exposure. This review highlights important aspects of computed tomography urography as an imaging technique.

Cryotherapy and its applications in the management of urologic malignancies: a review of its use in prostate and renal cancers.

Cryotherapy has been established as an ablative modality for the treatment of a wide range of malignancies. Being minimally invasive, it is associated with less morbidity than conventional extirpative surgical procedures. In recent years, it has been used with success for treating two of the common urologic malignancies, that is, prostate and renal cancer.

The role of enzalutamide in the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Prostate cancer is the most common solid organ cancer affecting the male population. Men with metastatic prostate cancer treated with androgen ablation therapy often respond rapidly, with improvement in bone pain and decreases in serum prostate-specific antigen. However, almost all patients progress to the castration-resistant state and abiraterone acetate was the last treatment available with proven survival benefit.

Paediatric balanitis xerotica obliterans: an 8-year experience.

Objective: Balanitis Xerotica Obliterans (BXO) is rarely described in the paediatric population. We report our 8-year experience, at Harold Wood Hospital, with BXO in circumcised boys.

Materials And Methods: Pathological tissue diagnoses of BXO from 1997 to 2005 were extracted from our histopathology database.

The role of abiraterone in the management of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Prostate cancer is the most common solid-organ cancer affecting the male population. Men with metastatic prostate cancer treated with androgen ablation therapy often respond rapidly, with improvement in bone pain and decreases in serum prostate-specific antigen. However, almost all patients progress to the castrate-resistant state and until recently chemotherapy was the only treatment available with proven survival benefit.

Idiopathic spontaneous rupture of the urinary bladder (SRUB). A case report and review of literature.

Spontaneous rupture of the urinary bladder (SRUB) is a rare urological emergency. It is usually secondary to an underlying pathology. An idiopathic entity has not been reported in the literature.

Management of bulbar urethral strictures: review of current practice.

Male urethral stricture disease is one of the common conditions encountered in the day-to-day urological practice. It can present at any age and has a wide range of etiological factors including infection, trauma and instrumentation. It usually manifests itself as lower urinary tract symptoms or urinary tract infections with significant impairment in the quality of life.

Incidental urinary tract pathologies in the one-stop prostate cancer clinic.

Objective: We determined the prevalence of incidental urinary tract pathologies in patients referred to the one-stop suspected prostate cancer clinic and assessed the evaluation and outcome of these pathologies.

Methods: One hundred and ninety patients were referred to the one-stop suspected prostate cancer clinic over a 6-month period. The records of patients with incidental urinary tract pathologies were retrospectively reviewed for demographic characteristics, mode of clinical presentation, further investigations performed, the final diagnosis and the treatment given.

The practice of the first check cystoscopy following radiotherapy for the treatment of muscle-invasive (T3N0M0) bladder cancer: a UK national survey.

Objectives: To determine the current trends in the follow-up of patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer following radiotherapy, among consultants in the United Kingdom and the republic of Ireland in terms of cystoscopic survey and imaging of the upper tracts.

Methods: A national postal survey was carried out in 2006 including 602 urologists registered with the British Association of Urological Surgeons (BAUS).

Results: About 40% of the consultants participated in the survey.

Testicular varicocele: an overview.

Testicular varicocele or varicocele is one of the common causes of scrotal swelling. It is predominantly found in the adolescent and young adult age group and it can adversely affect testicular function in a variety of ways. There is a considerable debate about the effects of varicoceles on future fertility, but the current evidence suggests that varicoceles are found in a higher percentage among males attending the infertility clinics and that treatment of varicoceles is associated with increased spontaneous conception rates among infertile couples.

Guidewires in clinical practice: applications and troubleshooting.

Guidewires are commonly used in clinical practice over a wide range of specialties. Their use has become more popular as a result of advances in endourology and interventional radiology, as well as in angiographic procedures. While there are many papers regarding individual guidewires and certain technical aspects, for the interested clinician there is little to give a generalized overview within the literature.

Management of metastatic renal cell carcinoma: current trends.

Renal cell carcinoma is one of the common malignancies of the genitourinary tract. In approximately one third of patients, distant metastases are present at the time of initial diagnosis and in another third, the tumor will recur even after nephrectomy with a curative intent. Renal cell carcinoma is resistant to all conventional treatment modalities of cancer, including radiotherapy and chemotherapy.