Publications by authors named "Ayumi Uchibori"
Background: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a clinically heterogenous disease and encompasses several distinct clinical variants. Overlap between these variants can pose a diagnostic challenge. We report a case of finger drop variant and acute bulbar palsy overlap as an unusual manifestation of GBS.
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- * Four patients experienced inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone, while one had a brain lesion and all benefited from sodium channel blockers to reduce certain seizure types.
- * Immunotherapy was effective in four out of five patients, with no relapses reported over a two-year follow-up, highlighting the importance of quick diagnosis and treatment for those with similar symptoms.
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- Two cases of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) were initially misdiagnosed as lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) based on observed weakness and MRI findings.
- Further neurological tests revealed upper extremity abnormalities, leading to suspicions of GBS, which were confirmed through specific antibody tests and positive response to treatment.
- The authors speculate that existing LSS may have disrupted the blood-nerve barrier, contributing to the unusual segmental weakness seen in these GBS cases.
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- A 31-year-old man presented with difficulty extending his fingers after having fever and diarrhea, leading to a referral to a neurological clinic.
- Neurological examination confirmed weakness in the upper extremities, particularly in the finger muscles, along with absent reflexes but normal findings elsewhere.
- Diagnosis of acute motor axonal neuropathy related to a variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome was made, and treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin led to gradual improvement in his symptoms.
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- A 43-year-old woman experienced symptoms like weakness, tingling, and difficulty swallowing 12 days after receiving the Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine.
- Medical tests revealed normal cerebrospinal fluid but decreased nerve conduction, leading to a diagnosis of immune-mediated polyneuropathy linked to the vaccine.
- Treatment with plasma exchange improved her condition, indicating a potential non-specific immune response as a contributing factor compared to other similar cases.
A 75-year-old man with a history of hypertension developed weakness and sensory disturbance in the extremities 1 week after upper respiratory tract infection and faced difficulty walking. Screening at the time of hospital admission revealed an incidental positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test, and COVID-19 was diagnosed. Neurological findings showed dysarthria, dysphagia, absence of deep tendon reflexes in the extremities, distal-dominant muscle weakness, sensory disturbance, urinary retention and constipation.
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- This study investigates the nerve ultrasonographic features of IgM/anti-MAG neuropathy in a Japanese population, aiming to see how they compare with common subtypes of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP).
- Researchers analyzed the cross-sectional areas of cervical nerve roots and peripheral nerves in patients with IgM/anti-MAG neuropathy, typical CIDP (t-CIDP), multifocal CIDP (m-CIDP), and healthy controls.
- Findings show that while IgM/anti-MAG neuropathy has larger nerve cross-sectional areas similar to t-CIDP, they show greater enlargement at common entrapment sites compared to t-CIDP, highlighting the need for further cross-pop
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- Dopamine deficiency in Parkinson’s disease (PD) appears to slow the internal clock, but the effects on timing tasks remain inconsistent, prompting this study comparing PD and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) patients to normal subjects.
- The study tested various timing tasks, revealing that while PD patients slightly overestimate short durations and underestimate long ones, PSP patients show stronger overestimation for short and underestimation for long durations.
- Results indicated that perceptual timing tasks (like bisection and duration comparison) lead to opposite patterns in motor timing tasks, emphasizing the complexity of timing deficits in both PD and PSP.
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- * An MRI revealed thickened meninges, suggesting conditions like hypertrophic pachymeningitis, but lab tests found no significant inflammation in his blood or cerebrospinal fluid.
- * After a biopsy showed thickening of the arachnoid membrane with microvessel enlargement but no inflammation, a repeated test confirmed APS, leading to successful antithrombotic treatment with warfarin that prevented further brain infarctions.
Background: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS) and Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis (BBE) are a group of autoimmune neurological disorders (GBS spectrum disorder) that rarely recur. Recently, anti-ganglioside complex antibodies (GSC-Abs) were identified in patients with GBS spectrum disorder. However, there has been no case report describing GSC-Abs profiles in a recurrent case showing different phenotypes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnti-glycolipid antibodies are key to revealing the pathomechanisms of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). There are correlations between the antigen specificities of the antibodies, clinical features, and preceding infectious agents. It has also been found that some glycoantigens are localized in human peripheral nervous tissues, corresponding to the clinical features.
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- * She had antibodies related to the cancer present in her blood and cerebrospinal fluid, resulting in paraneoplastic optic neuropathy and opsoclonus-ataxia syndrome.
- * After the SCLC was treated, her symptoms improved; the case highlights the need to test for specific antibodies and check for cancer in older patients with sudden vision issues.
Although serum IgG anti-ganglioside GQ1b antibody is the most specific biomarker for Fisher syndrome and its related disorders (FS-RD), 10%-30% of the patients are still negative in conventional assays ("GQ1b-seronegative") and the relationship between GQ1b-seropositive and -seronegative patients has been unclear. Some molecules require Ca(2+) cations to interact with their ligands (Ca(2+)-dependency). Here we have investigated whether Ca(2+)-dependency is also present in anti-GQ1b antibodies in FS-RD, especially in the GQ1b-seronegative patients and show that IgG antibodies against GQ1b-related antigens (isolated GQ1b and GQ1b-containing complexes) are detected Ca(2+)-dependently in the majority of GQ1b-seronegative patients with FS-RD.
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- - The study focused on analyzing the features of cancer-associated myositis (CAM) in relation to a specific antibody, anti-transcriptional intermediary factor 1 γ (anti-TIF1-γ-Ab), which indicates a cancer association among patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs).
- - Out of 349 patients studied, 75 had cancer, with 36 of those (48%) testing positive for anti-TIF1-γ-Ab; most cancers were found shortly after or before a myositis diagnosis, and these patients displayed distinct histological characteristics, including certain tissue damage patterns.
- - The results highlight that CAM is not uniform and has different types; anti-TIF1-γ-Ab(
Serum antibodies against glycolipids, mainly gangliosides, are detected in about 60% of patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and its variants. Anti-glycolipid antibodies play a crucial role in the pathogenic mechanisms of GBS. The antibody titer is the highest in the acute phase and decreases gradually.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGuillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a heterogeneous disease, and has a various clinical course and outcome. Despite the use of standard therapies, such as plasma exchange or intravenous immunoglobulin therapy, some patients still have residual neurological sequelae. New therapies and treatment modalities may improve outcome in patients with poor recovery in the current standard therapies, if the patients with poor prognosis could be identified in early disease phase.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: We report the case of a patient who developed symptoms of acute cerebellar ataxia (ACA) after administration of the human papilloma virus (HPV)-16/18 vaccine.
Patient And Method: This patient developed symptoms of ACA, including nausea, vertigo, severe limb and truncal ataxia, and bilateral spontaneous continuous horizontal nystagmus with irregular rhythm, 12 days after administration of the HPV-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted cervical cancer vaccine. After this, the patient received methylprednisolone pulse and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapies as well as immunoadsorption plasmapheresis.
Interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) using specific tuberculous antigens is a rapid, specific and sensitive method for the detection of tuberculous infection, and usually done in peripheral blood sample. We examined IGRA in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in a patient strongly suspected of having tuberculous meningitis. A 53-year old woman had a month history of headache and fever with meningeal sign.
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- A 38-year-old man experienced symptoms like dysesthesia, double vision, and an unsteady gait after an upper respiratory infection, leading to a diagnosis of Fisher syndrome.
- His serum tested positive for IgG anti-GQ1b antibodies, commonly associated with this syndrome, and he reported a loss of taste sensation that improved with other neurological symptoms.
- Unlike typical cases of Guillain-Barré syndrome, where taste disturbance is often linked to facial nerve palsy, this case indicates that the loss of taste may have stemmed from specific involvement of the taste sensory pathways rather than facial nerve issues.
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- The study identified serum immunoglobulin M (IgM) autoantibody in a patient with acute cerebellar ataxia (ACA), linking it to the antigen triosephosphate isomerase (TPI).
- It was discovered that the patient's IgM antibodies showed a strong response to TPI specifically in the cerebellar tissue, with 8 out of 23 ACA patients exhibiting elevated anti-TPI antibody levels compared to healthy individuals.
- All 8 patients with high IgM anti-TPI antibodies had a prior Epstein-Barr virus infection, and their antibody levels decreased as their clinical condition improved.