The effect of using tablet computer on surgical stress: A single-blinded randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: The purpose of our study was to evaluate the effects of tablet computer method on children with and without anxiety. The study was designed as a prospective single-blinded randomized controlled trial.

Materials And Methods: The population of the study were 300 patients between the ages of 4 and 10 years old who were scheduled for their first elective surgery for phimosis-inguinal hernia-hydrocele-undescended testis-hypospadias.

Burn-associated bloodstream infections in pediatric burn patients: Time distribution of etiologic agents.

Background: Infections are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with burns in burn units. Bloodstream infections (BSIs) in patients with burns may result from burn wound infection, use of invasive devices such as central venous catheters, and translocation of the gastrointestinal flora.

Objective: In this study, we investigated the distribution and antimicrobial drug resistance of causative pathogens in children with burns and the durational changes of microorganisms in the distribution of BSIs in children.

[Minimally invasive theurapeutic approaches in pediatric nonvascular fourth-grade renal trauma].

Background: Conservative management procedures are implemented in cases of low-grade pediatric blunt renal trauma, but procedures for grade 4 injuries are not clearly defined. The present objective was to discuss treatment procedures in patients who presented with or developed urinoma during follow-up.

Methods: Treatment procedures implemented in 8 patients (female:male ratio=1:7; average age: 6) with grade 4 renal trauma who presented to the clinic between 2003 and 2012 were retrospectively analyzed.

Unusual Radiological Sign in Bronchial Atresia.

Bronchial atresia is usually diagnosed by incidentally detecting opacitiy at hilar ragion and hyperinflation around this opacity on chest X-ray. It may rarely be detected as air sac like atresic bronchus. The breath sounds in the right hemithorax were heard less when compared to the left hemithorax in the auscultation of a 16-year-old male patient with allergic rhinitis.

Pulmonary vascular anomalies: a review of clinical and radiological findings of cases presenting with different complaints in childhood.

Congenital pulmonary vascular abnormalities arise from several etiologies. These anomalies are difficult to categorize and sorted into distinct classifications. Major pulmonary vascular abnormalities can be ranked as interruption of the main pulmonary artery or its absence, emergence of the left pulmonary artery in the right pulmonary artery, pulmonary venous drainage abnormalities, and pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs).

Late ureteral obstruction after endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux with polyacrylate polyalcohol copolymer.

Objective: To investigate the incidence and presentation of ureteral obstruction after endoscopic injection of polyacrylate polyalcohol copolymer (PPC) for the treatment of vesicoureteral reflux, and to analyze its possible causes, together with histopathologic assessment.

Patients And Methods: The data of 189 patients who underwent endoscopic injection of PPC between May 2011 and December 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. After the injection, patients were followed up by urinalysis and ultrasonography monthly for 3 months.

Effect of intraperitoneal erythropoietin on the degree of mucosal damage of left colon flaps in rats.

Background: Several modifications to an esophageal replacement approach have been described, using the left, the right, or the transverse colon as an interposition flap. Interposition of the left colon has become the most popular procedure. Intraoperative clamping of the arterial blood supply and venous drainage of the flap is a possible reason for ischemic flap failure.

Erythropoietin restores bowel damage and hypoperistalsis in gastroschisis.

Background And Purpose: Despite the decreased mortality in gastroschisis (Gx), patients experience postoperative intestinal hypoperistalsis, malabsorption, and shortened bowel length. The trophic effects of recombinant human erythropoietin (rEpo) in the developing small bowel have been reported, increasing the length and height of the villi, and villous surface area. This study investigated the effects of rEpo on intestinal malfunction in the chick embryos with Gx.

Structural changes of smooth muscle in congenital ureteropelvic junction obstruction.

Background/purpose: Ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction is the most common cause of congenital hydronephrosis. Previous studies have reported that the excess amount of collagen restricting mobility and resiliency of the UPJ is the result of an impaired collagen production by anomalous smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Our purpose was to evaluate the role of SMC differentiation in the pathogenesis of UPJ obstruction.

Atresia of the colon.

Background/purpose: Colonic atresia (CA) is one of the rarest causes of neonatal intestinal obstructions, and no large series can be reported. Therefore, we did perform a retrospective clinical trial to delineate our CA cases and carry out a literature survey.

Methods: We reviewed the charts of CA cases treated in our center between 1992 and 2002.

The effectiveness of sucralfate against stricture formation in experimental corrosive esophageal burns.

Purpose: In this study, the effectiveness of sucralfate against stricture formation in experimental corrosive esophageal burn is reported.

Methods: Sixty-four Swiss albino adult male rats were divided into three groups, group A (control; n, 7), group B (esophageal burn induced but not treated; n, 25), and group C (esophageal burn induced and treated with sucralfate, n, 32). Groups B and C were further subdivided into subgroups for evaluation on days 2, 7, and 28.

The efficacy of non-operative management in childhood blunt hepatic trauma.

Background: In this study the results of non-operative management of pediatric hepatic injury after blunt abdominal trauma were evaluated.

Methods: Multitrauma patients (n = 498) admitted between 1998 and 2002 were analysed as for mechanism of trauma retrospectively. Liver injuries were classified according to the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma's Organ Injury Scaling System.

Associated malformations in delayed presentation of congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

Background/purpose: Delayed presentation of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) has been considered rare, and clinical manifestations differ from the more common newborn entity. Associated malformations in late-appearing CDH have been reported in a few patients. The authors reviewed their clinical experience to catalogue the frequency and clinical importance of associated malformations in patients with late-presenting CDH.

Ceacal perforation in a premature newborn infant complicating milk curd syndrome: case report.

A 34-weeks-old female baby having a closed ceacal perforation due to milk curd syndrome is reported. The obstructing milk curd was located in the transvers colon and the perforation was in the ceacum. Primary repair of the ceacal perforation, aspiration of the material from an enterotomy and a protective ileostomy were performed.