Assessing masked hypertension and ambulatory arterial stiffness index in children congenital kidney malformations.

Background: Patients diagnosed with congenital kidney malformations are at an increased risk of developing hypertension, proteinuria, and progressing to chronic kidney disease (CKD). The present study aimed to determine the frequency of masked hypertension and ambulatory arterial stiffness index (AASI) in patients with congenital kidney malformations.

Methods: The study included 174 patients with congenital kidney malformations (48 patients with unilateral renal agenesis (URA), 40 patients with ectopic kidney (EK), 36 patients with horseshoe kidney (HK), 31 patients with multicystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK), 19 patients with unilateral renal hypoplasia (URH), and 45 healthy controls.

Meningococcal Carriage in Children with Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome Receiving Eculizumab Therapy.

Background/objectives: Eculizumab is a first-line treatment for atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS), and patients undergoing eculizumab therapy may become more susceptible to infection caused by (). While meningococcal vaccination is required for patients undergoing eculizumab therapy, there is limited knowledge about meningococcal carriage in children with aHUS. We aimed to evaluate (1) the prevalence of carriage, (2) serogroup distribution, and (3) the immunization status of children undergoing eculizumab treatment for aHUS.

Determination of the Frequency of BCL-2 Polymorphisms (c.-717C>A and c.*2364G>A) and LIF Polymorphism (c.*1414T>G) in Patients with Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract.

Introduction: Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) are characterized by several malformations. Its prevalence is 0.3-0.

Pneumococcal carriage and serotype distribution in children with nephrotic syndrome.

Background: Patients with nephrotic syndrome (NS) are at a higher risk of developing invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). Pneumococcal carriage studies are helpful tools for detecting potentially infectious serotypes and guiding immunization efforts. Pneumococcal nasopharyngeal colonization is common, and IPD can easily occur in an immunosuppressed state.

Adolescence-onset atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome: is it different from infant-onset?

Background: Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is a rare, mostly complement-mediated thrombotic microangiopathy. The majority of patients are infants. In contrast to infantile-onset aHUS, the clinical and genetic characteristics of adolescence-onset aHUS have not been sufficiently addressed to date.

Long-term effect of eplerenone treatment in children with chronic allograft nephropathy.

Background: Literature supports the protective role of mineralocorticoid antagonist (MRA) against the renal injury induced by aldosterone in kidney transplant recipients. However, there is limited data available regarding the safety and efficacy of MRAs in pediatric renal transplant patients. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effect of long-term eplerenone administration in children with chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN).

Utility of continuous performance test (MOXO-CPT) in children with pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease, dialysis and kidney transplantation.

Background: Children with chronic kidney disease and on kidney replacement therapy may have neurocognitive and psychosocial disorders. Although kidney transplantation improves quality of life, psychological problems may exist in children who undergo kidney transplantation. Herein, we aimed to investigate attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder-like symptoms with MOXO-continuous performance test in children with pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease, dialysis and kidney transplantation.

Long-Term Outcomes of Kidney Transplant Recipients With Juvenile Nephronophthisis.

Objectives: Nephronophthisis is the most common genetic cause of kidney failure in childhood. Treatment for nephronophthisis is symptomatic, and kidney transplant is a good treatment option when kidney failure has developed. We reported the outcomes of kidney transplant recipients with primary diagnosis of juvenile nephronophthisis who were followed-up in our center.

The Role of Platelet-Lymphocyte Ratio and Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio in Predicting the Delayed Graft Function in Pediatric Renal Transplant Patients.

Objectives: Delayed graft function is a common adverse outcome after renal transplant. Attempts for early prediction and prevention of delayed graft function are often challenging and misleading. Herein, we investigated for the first time the correlation between delayed graft function and preoperative noninvasive hematologic parameters to predict the possible adverse outcomes for renal transplant in pediatric patients.

Use of Eculizumab in Pediatric Patients with Late Antibody-Mediated Rejection After Kidney Transplantation.

Late antibody-mediated rejection triggered by donor-specific antibodies is a leading cause of kidney allograft failure. Effective treatment options for late antibody-mediated rejection are limited in renal transplant recipients. Here, we report 2 pediatric cases of severe late antibody-mediated rejection resistant to conventional immunosuppressive therapy who were successfully treated with eculizumab.

Association Between Vitamin D Deficiency and Anemia in Pediatric Kidney Transplant Recipients.

Objectives: The association between vitamin D deficiency and anemia is known. Vitamin D deficiency and anemia are common in kidney transplant recipients. We examined the relationship between vitamin D levels and anemia in pediatric kidney transplant recipients.

COVID-19 Infections in Pediatric Renal Transplant Recipients.

Objectives: The new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) first appeared in Turkey in March 2020, spread rapidly, and caused many deaths. Although COVID-19 is mostly a respiratory disease, it can cause kidney and multiorgan failure in some cases. We believe that by sharing information about the course and effects of COVID-19 infection in kidney transplant recipients receiving long-term immunosuppressive therapy our understanding will improve.

Do dietary factors play a role in infantile urolithiasis?

Background: Urolithiasis is a significant cause of morbidity that may be diagnosed at a young age. However, there is little research on the role of nutrition in pediatric urolithiasis, and research on the infantile period is extremely rare. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of dietary factors on those diagnosed with "idiopathic" infantile urolithiasis.

Clinical Profile and Renal Ultrasound Characteristics of Children With Nutcracker Syndrome in Turkey.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the clinical profile and radiological findings of children with nutcracker syndrome (NCS) and to assess the association between the parameters.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of the clinical, laboratory and radiological parameters of children diagnosed with NCS between January, 2011 and October, 2017 was done.

Results: Of a total of 29 patients [19 girls, 65.

How important urolithiasis is under 2 years of age?

Urolithiasis (UL) is a common health problem in the world and the observed incidence of this disease is increasing in the infantile period. The study included cases of UL diagnosed before the age of two who had a comprehensive analysis for possible etiologic variables and were followed for a minimum of 6 months. Of the 60 patients included in the study, 37 were male, and the male/female ratio was 1.

Severity of self-reported depressive symptomatology and relevant factors in children with primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis and their mothers.

Background: Nocturnal enuresis (NE) may negatively affect social and emotional life as well as mood in both children and their mothers. The aim of this study is to evaluate severity of self-reported depressive symptomatology and determine the relevant factors in children with primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (MNE) and their mothers by using depression inventories.

Methods: Children Depression Inventory (CDI) for children and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) for mothers were administered to the study group.

Bismuth intoxication resulting in acute kidney injury in a pregnant adolescent girl.

Çelebi-Tayfur A, Yaradılmış RM, Ulus F, Çaltık-Yılmaz A, Özayar E, Koşar B, Büyükkaragöz B, Horasanlı E. Bismuth intoxication resulting in acute kidney injury in a pregnant adolescent girl. Turk J Pediatr 2019; 61: 292-296.

A Novel Mutation in the Gene Causing Congenital Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus.

Objective: Congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (CNDI) is a rare inherited disorder characterized by a renal insensitivity to arginine vasopressin (AVP). In the majority of the cases, CNDI is caused by mutations in the arginine vasopressin receptor 2 () gene. Our objective is to report a novel mutation in the gene causing CNDI in a 6-year-old boy, presenting with growth failure and dull normal cognitive functions.

An adolescent boy progressing insidiously to end-stage renal disease: Answers.

Hinman syndrome was a non-neurogenic neurogenic bladder and the most severe form of dysfunctional voiding disorder. The bladder-sphincter discoordination causes damage to the bladder and upper urinary tract if it is not diagnosed early and treated adequately. This case emphasizes the following important message: nighttime wetting is not a benign condition in every child.

An adolescent boy progressing insidiously to end-stage renal disease: Questions.

Hinman syndrome (HS), or non-neurogenic neurogenic bladder, is a voiding dysfunction of the bladder of neuropsychological origin that is characterized by functional bladder outlet obstruction in the absence of neurologic deficits. The bladder-sphincter discoordination causes damage to the bladder and upper urinary tract if it is not timely diagnosed and adequately treated. This case emphasizes the following important message; nighttime wetting is not a benign condition in every child.

Liddle syndrome in a Turkish family with heterogeneous phenotypes.

Liddle syndrome (LS) is a familial disease characterized by early onset hypertension (HT). Although regarded as rare, its incidence may be greater than expected because the classical findings of hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis with suppressed renin and aldosterone levels are not consistently present. Herein, we present the case of an adolescent boy and maternal relatives who were followed up with misdiagnosis of essential HT for a long duration.

Influence of body mass index on pediatric urolithiasis.

Objective: In recent years, there has been increased incidence of urolithiasis in children. Changing nutritional patterns and sedentary lifestyles predispose to urolithiasis, as well as to the global rise in obesity. It has been established that the prevalence of high body mass index (BMI) is increasing in the pediatric population.