Investigating the Relationship of Serum CD163, YKL40 and VILIP-1 Levels with Autism Severity and Language-cognitive Development in Preschool Children with Autism.

Objective: This study aimed to compare serum levels of CD163, YKL-40, and VILIP-1 between children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and healthy controls, while also investigating their association with the severity of ASD and language development.

Methods: The study included 40 ASD-diagnosed patients (aged 18-72 months) and 40 age-matched healthy controls. Childhood Autism Rating Scale, Preschool Language Scale-4, and Ankara Development Screening Inventory were administered to children in the ASD group.

The assessment of the knowledge and practices of healthcare providers regarding paroxysmal non-epileptic events (PNES) in children: A cross-sectional study.

Objective: Paroxysmal non-epileptic events (PNEs) are a group of disorders that may be misdiagnosed as epilepsy. This study has aimed to assess the knowledge and practices of family physicians and pediatricians regarding the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of PNEs in children.

Methods: The study was designed as a prospective cross-sectional study that was conducted between March 1, 2022, and June 1, 2022, by reaching pediatric specialists and assistants, family physicians, subspecialty assistants, and subspecialists using a Google questionnaire.

Comparison of melamine exposure by feeding practices in babies aged 0-6 months.

This study was conducted to estimate the daily dietary intakes of melamine for human milk-fed (HMF) babies and mixed-fed (MF) babies. It was carried out in 70 mother-baby pairs (40 babies in the HMF group and 30 babies in the MF group). Human milk, formula milk, and baby urine samples were collected to assess the dietary exposure of babies.

Long-term outcomes of the shaken baby syndrome prevention program: Turkey's experience.

Aim: Shaken baby syndrome (SBS) is a condition which may cause to serious health problems in the baby. SBS may be prevented by increasing awareness with giving education to parents especially in the early postnatal period. In shaken baby prevention programs, education is recommended to be given before the 2-4(th) month during which the frequency of crying is increased.

Defecation patterns of the infants mainly breastfed from birth till the 12th month: Prospective cohort study.

Background/aims: Studies about defecation patterns have been mostly conducted on infants who were breastfed in a short term but were fed predominantly with formula. In this study, defecation patterns of 125 infants, most of them being breastfed during 12th month were evaluated.

Materials And Methods: Frequency, consistency and color of the stool were analyzed in relation to the feeding pattern at the 15th day and at the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th and 12th months.

The rate of seasonal influenza vaccination in diabetic children, the effect of recommendation and the factors influencing the acceptance of recommendation: an interventional study.

Objective: To investigate the vaccination rate of influenza in diabetic children and the effect of recommendation and other factors on vaccination rate.

Material And Methods: On July 2011, 144 diabetic children and their families were informed about and were recommended to receive the influenza vaccine every year, in September. On December 2011, parents were questioned about the vaccination.

Immunogenicity of a Haemophilus influenzae type b-tetanus conjugate vaccine when administered separately or in combined vaccines for primary immunization in two consecutive national schedules in Turkey.

Background: In Turkey, the Haemophilus influenzae type b-tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine (Hib) was replaced by the combined diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis and inactivated polio vaccine (DTaP-IPV/Hib) in 2008. This shift to the new schedule created different cohorts of vaccinated children as a consequence of the different schedules used. We evaluated the immunogenicity of the Hib vaccine in infants vaccinated with these different schedules.

Growth patterns of large, small, and appropriate for gestational age infants: impacts of long-term breastfeeding: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: In several studies, since high and low birth weights are demonstrated as associated with obesity in childhood, these values should be followed up and documented carefully.

Objective: The aim of this retrospective cohort study is to demonstrate the variation on body mass index outcomes of large (LGA), small (SGA), appropriate (AGA) for gestational age infants from birth to the end of fourth year of age and the effects of breastfeeding duration on these outcomes.

Methods And Results: Four hundred and seven infants were recruited in the study (304AGA, 85 LGA, 18 SGA infants).

New opportunity for vaccinating older people: well-child clinic visits.

Background: Streptococcus pneumoniae causes considerable morbidity and mortality in the elderly. As aging of the population is making the health of the elderly a universal priority, preventive measures, such as vaccination, will become increasingly important.

Methods: We designed a prospective interventional study to determine whether recommendations to vaccinate grandparents of children attending well-child clinics would increase the pneumococcal vaccination rate in the elderly.

Factors associated with parental acceptance and refusal of pandemic influenza A/H1N1 vaccine in Turkey.

The objective of this study was to investigate the parents' attitudes towards and identify the possible factors associated with pandemic H1N1 vaccine uptake that was recommended to children between 6 months and 5 years of age. A questionnaire exploring the attitudes of parents to H1N1 vaccine was given to parents of children 6 through 60 months of age attending to Akdeniz and Gazi University Hospitals' well-child departments between 15 November 2009 and 15 January 2010. The questionnaire included questions on demographic characteristics, parental perception of the severity of the pandemic, the presence of anyone in their environment who suffered from pandemic influenza, their decision on whether or not to vaccinate their child, the factors that influenced them during decision-making process and possible factors that might have influenced the opponents of their decision.

Establishment of interdisciplinary child protection teams in Turkey 2002-2006: identifying the strongest link can make a difference!

Objectives: The University of Iowa Child Protection Program collaborated with Turkish professionals to develop a training program on child abuse and neglect during 2002-2006 with the goals of increasing professional awareness and number of multidisciplinary teams (MDT), regional collaborations, and assessed cases. This paper summarizes the 5-year outcome.

Methods: A team of instructors evaluated needs and held training activities in Turkey annually, and provided consultation when needed.

Nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae in healthy Turkish infants.

Objectives: The aims of this study were to determine nasopharyngeal carriage rates, serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance patterns of Streptococcus pneumoniae in healthy 0 to 2 year-old infants who live within a rural or urban locale and not attending daycare centers. In order to evaluate the possible impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in this population, coverage of the isolated serotypes by the vaccine was also calculated.

Methods: The study was conducted on 564 healthy infants attending 2 different well child clinics, one of which is located in an urban region and the other in a rural region.

Factors affecting the timing of teething in healthy Turkish infants: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Teething is a developmental process and occurs over a broad chronological age range.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of feeding pattern and growth parameters on teething time of healthy infants.

Methods: A total of 1200 term newborn infants followed up in Gazi University well-child clinic infants were evaluated, and their growth parameters, feeding patterns, and timing of the eruption of the first tooth were noted.

How to achieve long-term breast-feeding: factors associated with early discontinuation.

Objectives: To evaluate the factors associated with discontinuation of breast-feeding before 12 months in order to make suggestions for achieving long-term breast-feeding.

Design: A descriptive cross-sectional study.

Setting: Gazi University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey.

Factors associated with defecation patterns in 0-24-month-old children.

To identify the normal defecation patterns and the factors affecting these patterns in the first two years of life, a questionnaire was given to the parents of 1,021 children who were followed in a well-child clinic. The time of first meconium passage, presence of colic symptoms, frequency, color, and consistency of stools were recorded.Mann Whitney U, Wilcoxon, chi-square, and correlation tests were used in the statistical analyses.

Current stretched penile length: cross-sectional study of 1040 healthy Turkish children aged 0 to 5 years.

Objectives: To update the normal stretched penile length values for children younger than 5 years of age. We also evaluated the association between penile length and anthropometric measures such as body weight, height, and body mass index.

Methods: The study was performed as a cross-section study.

Prevalence of some risk factors in children with epilepsy compared to their controls.

Aim: The goal of this case-control study was to identify the significance of certain risk factors for epilepsy in Turkey.

Method: A total of 805 cases, aged 1-16 years, followed-up for epilepsy at the Pediatric Neurology Department and a control group consisting of 846 age-matched cases without epilepsy were included in the study. The risk factors examined were gender, neurological impairment, febrile convulsion, head trauma, central nervous system infections, parental consanguinity, family history of epilepsy, prenatal and natal risk and newborn jaundice.

Effectiveness of inactivated influenza vaccine for prevention of otitis media in children.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of inactivated influenza vaccine in preventing acute otitis media (AOM) and otitis media with effusion (OME) in children aged 6 to 60 months who attend day care.

Study Design: This prospective, single-blind study was conducted in 8 day care centers in Ankara, Turkey. One hundred nineteen (61 vaccinated and 58 unvaccinated against influenza) healthy children were examined at study entry and at 6-week intervals for 6 months by the same 2 otorhinolaryngologists who were blinded about the vaccination status of the children.

Plasma leptin levels in infants of diabetic mothers in fasting and satiety states.

Infants born to diabetic mothers have elevated cord blood leptin levels. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the situation persists at the 2nd postnatal day, taking the fasting and satiety states into account and the influence of fetal exposure to hyperinsulinemia, which are proven important contributing factors to plasma leptin levels. Twenty infants born to mothers with gestational diabetes (Group I) and 20 controls (Group II) were included in the study.