How Do Females Who Witnessed Interparental Violence in Childhood Make Sense of and Experience Romantic Relationships: A Qualitative Research in the Sample of Turkey.

Witnessing violence between parents during childhood has an impact on individuals' attachment and romantic relationship behaviors. As a result, individuals have expectations according to the attitudes, beliefs, and values that constitute a healthy and unhealthy relationship, which they developed both their early and childhood experiences, and they can act accordingly. Therefore, this study aimed to qualitatively explore the way in which adult women who witnessing inter-parental intimate partner violence (IPV) in childhood, qualities characterize a romantic relationship in terms of being healthy and unhealthy, and their self-reflective statements about their relationships.

Phytochemical analysis and biological evaluation of essential oils and extracts from subsp. (Boiss. & A.Huet) P.H.Davis, an endemic plant from Turkey.

Essential oil content of and phenolic compounds flower-fruit, root, and aerial parts of subsp. were analysed by GC/MS and LC/MS methods, respectively. Antidiabetic, anticholinesterase, and antioxidant activities of flower-fruit, root, aerial parts methanol extracts were evaluated.

Expression of Human β-defensin 2 (hBD-2) in Pichia Pastoris and Investigation of Its Binding Efficiency with ACE-2.

COVID-19 is a disease that have affected the entire world, and it continues to spread with new variants. A patient's innate immune system plays a critical role in the mild and severe transition of COVID-19. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which are important components of the innate immune system, are potential molecules to fight pathogenic bacteria, fungi, and viruses.

Effects of four antibiotics on Pseudomonas aeruginosa motility, biofilm formation, and biofilm-specific antibiotic resistance genes expression.

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of 4 antibiotics (tobramycin, fosfomycin, ciprofloxacin, and piperacillin/tazobactam) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa motility, biofilm formation, and biofilm resistance gene expression changes using different methods including microscopy, microdilution, crystal violet staining, and qRT-PCR. Although the antibiotics reduced swarming motility, they inhibited biofilm formation to a greater extent than the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value. The qRT-PCR results showed that the antibiotics, other than fosfomycin, decreased the expression levels of the selected biofilm resistance genes (ndvB, tssC1, PA5033 and PA2070) in the biofilm structure compared to planktonic cells.

Structural basis of TRPV5 regulation by physiological and pathophysiological modulators.

Transient receptor potential vanilloid 5 (TRPV5) is a kidney-specific Ca-selective ion channel that plays a key role in Ca homeostasis. The basal activity of TRPV5 is balanced through activation by phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P) and inhibition by Ca-bound calmodulin (CaM). Parathyroid hormone (PTH), the key extrinsic regulator of Ca homeostasis, increases the activity of TRPV5 via protein kinase A (PKA)-mediated phosphorylation.

Structural, biocompatibility, and antibacterial properties of Ge-DLC nanocomposite for biomedical applications.

Integrative production of new nanocomposites has been used to enhance favorable features of biomaterials for unlocking ultimate potential of different molecules. In the present study, advantageous properties of diamond like carbons (DLC) and germanium (Ge) like greater biocompatibility and antibacterial attributes were aimed to combined into a thin film. For this purpose, 400 nm DLC-Ge nanocomposite was coated on the borosilicate glasses via the magnetron sputtering and surface characteristics was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and The Raman spectrum.

Isolation, Characterization, and Antibiofilm Activity of Pigments Synthesized by Rhodococcus sp. SC1.

Infections from multi-drug resistant bacteria and biofilms constitute a serious problem worldwide. There is a need for new antibacterial and antibiofilm compounds in the fight against infectious diseases. In recent years, pigment-producing microorganisms have drawn a great deal of attention as a promising source for antibacterial and antibiofilm compounds.

Dual regulation of TRPV1 channels by phosphatidylinositol via functionally distinct binding sites.

Regulation of the heat- and capsaicin-activated transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) channel by phosphoinositides is complex and controversial. In the most recent TRPV1 cryo-EM structure, endogenous phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) was detected in the vanilloid binding site, and phosphoinositides were proposed to act as competitive vanilloid antagonists. This model is difficult to reconcile with phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate [PtdIns(4,5)P] being a well-established positive regulator of TRPV1.

MicroRNA-145 transcriptionally regulates Semaphorin 3A expression in prostate cancer cells.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most prevalent cancer types among males. Differential expression of microRNAs is associated with various cancers including PCa. Although mature microRNAs are preferentially located in the cytoplasm, several studies identified mature human microRNAs in purified nuclei and miR-145 has been found to be predominantly expressed in the nuclei of benign tissues compared to tumor lesions.

Tribological, biocompatibility, and antibiofilm properties of tungsten-germanium coating using magnetron sputtering.

In this study, borosilicate glass and 316 L stainless steel were coated with germanium (Ge) and tungsten (W) metals using the Magnetron Sputtering System. Surface structural, mechanical, and tribological properties of uncoated and coated samples were examined using SEM, X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and tribometer. The XRD results showed that WGe chemical compound observed in (110) crystalline phase and exhibited a dense structure.

Screening and characterization of a novel Antibiofilm polypeptide derived from filamentous Fungi.

In the present study, 120 fungal isolates were locally isolated from soil and selected according to their ability to antimicrobial activity. Then, selected isolates were tested for their ability to prevent biofilm formation and only one isolate (A01) showed an antibiofilm effect. The isolate A01 identified as Aspergillus tubingensis by sequencing of the 18S ITS region and a segment of β-tubulin gene.

Potential Anticancer Effect of Carvacrol Codrugs on Human Glioblastoma Cells.

Background: Essential oils are considered as promising sources of novel anticancer compounds. Carvacrol (CVC), the major constituent of many aromatic plants including oregano and thymus, is endowed with curative properties on different cancers, including liver, colon, and lung. Little information is available regarding the potential of CVC for the treatment of brain cancers, notably Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM).

Structure-based characterization of novel TRPV5 inhibitors.

Transient receptor potential vanilloid 5 (TRPV5) is a highly calcium selective ion channel that acts as the rate-limiting step of calcium reabsorption in the kidney. The lack of potent, specific modulators of TRPV5 has limited the ability to probe the contribution of TRPV5 in disease phenotypes such as hypercalcemia and nephrolithiasis. Here, we performed structure-based virtual screening (SBVS) at a previously identified TRPV5 inhibitor binding site coupled with electrophysiology screening and identified three novel inhibitors of TRPV5, one of which exhibits high affinity, and specificity for TRPV5 over other TRP channels, including its close homologue TRPV6.

ING5 inhibits cancer aggressiveness by inhibiting Akt and activating p53 in prostate cancer.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common types of cancer in men. In several recent studies, chromosomal deletions in the q arm of chromosome 2, where ING5 resides within, have been identified in various cancer types including PCa. In this study, we investigate the role of ING5 as a tumor suppressor in PCa.

Natural-based Antibiofilm and Antimicrobial Peptides from Microorganisms.

As the resistance to antimicrobial molecules increases among bacteria, the need for new antimicrobial molecules increases. Antimicrobial peptides (AMP), which may be a new generation of antibiotic candidates, are important in this respect. AMPs are small, cationic and amphipathic peptide sequences.

A hypothetical molecular mechanism for TRPV1 activation that invokes rotation of an S6 asparagine.

The transient receptor potential channel vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) is activated by a variety of endogenous and exogenous stimuli and is involved in nociception and body temperature regulation. Although the structure of TRPV1 has been experimentally determined in both the closed and open states, very little is known about its activation mechanism. In particular, the conformational changes that occur in the pore domain and result in ionic conduction have not yet been identified.

Structural insights on TRPV5 gating by endogenous modulators.

TRPV5 is a transient receptor potential channel involved in calcium reabsorption. Here we investigate the interaction of two endogenous modulators with TRPV5. Both phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P) and calmodulin (CaM) have been shown to directly bind to TRPV5 and activate or inactivate the channel, respectively.

Ion Channel Sensing: Are Fluctuations the Crux of the Matter?

The nonselective cation channel TRPV1 is responsible for transducing noxious stimuli into action potentials propagating through peripheral nerves. It is activated by temperatures greater than 43 °C, while remaining completely nonconductive at temperatures lower than this threshold. The origin of this sharp response, which makes TRPV1 a biological temperature sensor, is not understood.

Structural basis of TRPV5 channel inhibition by econazole revealed by cryo-EM.

The transient receptor potential vanilloid 5 (TRPV5) channel is a member of the transient receptor potential (TRP) channel family, which is highly selective for Ca, that is present primarily at the apical membrane of distal tubule epithelial cells in the kidney and plays a key role in Ca reabsorption. Here we present the structure of the full-length rabbit TRPV5 channel as determined using cryo-EM in complex with its inhibitor econazole. This structure reveals that econazole resides in a hydrophobic pocket analogous to that occupied by phosphatidylinositides and vanilloids in TRPV1, thus suggesting conserved mechanisms for ligand recognition and lipid binding among TRPV channels.

Inhibition of Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 3 ion channels by G-protein βγ subunits.

Transient receptor potential melastatin 3 (TRPM3) channels are activated by heat, and chemical ligands such as pregnenolone sulphate (PregS) and CIM0216. Here, we show that activation of receptors coupled to heterotrimeric Gi/o proteins inhibits TRPM3 channels. This inhibition was alleviated by co-expression of proteins that bind the βγ subunits of heterotrimeric G-proteins (Gβγ).