A Shotgun Metagenomics Investigation into Labeling Inaccuracies in Widely Sold Probiotic Supplements in the USA.

While probiotics are generally considered safe, concerns persist regarding the accuracy of labels on these supplements and their potential contribution to the spread of antibiotic resistance genes. Given that probiotics are predominantly ingested with a view towards obtaining particular health benefits. The objective of this study is to assess the composition of 50 widely available probiotic supplements in the USA using shotgun metagenome sequencing.

16S rRNA sequencing reveals microbiota differences in orthopedic implants between aseptic loosening and prosthetic joint infection cases.

Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) and aseptic loosening (AL) are common complications of total joint arthroplasty. An accumulation of evidence indicates the presence of microbial communities on prosthetic implants, but the overall microbial profile is unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the differences in the microbial composition of prosthetic implants obtained from PJI and AL patients using the 16S rRNA sequencing method.

Determination of Risk Factors for Infectious Diarrhea in Patients with Hematological Malignancy.

Background: This study aimed to determine the risk factors of infectious diarrhea in patients undergoing chemotherapy or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for hematological malignancies.

Materials And Methods: This was a prospective, observational study. Patients in whom the infectious agent was determined by laboratory examination were considered to have infectious diarrhea.

CD4 T-Cell Depression is Linked to the Severity of COVID-19 and Predicts Mortality.

Objective: Most patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) have abnormalities of lymphocyte subsets. This study aimed to determine the distribution of lymphocytes in patients with various severity levels of COVID-19 and to describe the relationship between the CD4 T helper and prognosis.

Materials And Methods: Adult (>18 years old) patients with COVID-19 who followed up in a tertiary hospital were included in the study prospectively.

A subtractive proteomics approach for the identification of immunodominant vaccine candidate proteins.

Background: is one of the most life-threatening multidrug-resistant pathogens worldwide. Currently, 50%-70% of clinical isolates of are extensively drug-resistant, and available antibiotic options against infections are limited. There is still a need to discover specific bacterial antigenic proteins that could be effective vaccine candidates in human infection.

Toxoplasmic encephalitis after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Cerebral toxoplasmosis is a rare but often life-threatening infection after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). In such cases, early diagnosis and initiation of treatment are vital. We describe a case of cerebral toxoplasmosis in a patient who underwent HSCT for acute myeloid leukemia.

Bacteremia in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Recipients Receiving Fluoroquinolone Prophylaxis: Incidence, Resistance, and Risk Factors.

Background: Bacteremia is a common complication in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients. Prophylactic fluoroquinolone is recommended and used in these individuals. Breakthrough infections can occur with fluoroquinolone-resistant strains.

Low-dose tocilizumab is associated with improved outcome and a low risk of secondary infection in severe COVID-19 pneumonia.

Background: Respiratory failure and death are the leading causes of severe Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Hyper-inflammation and cytokine storm cause lung damage. This study aimed to compare the low-dose and high-dose effects of tocilizumab, an IL-6 receptor antagonist.

Retrospective analysis on efficacy of convalescent plasma in acute respiratory distress syndrome due to COVID-19.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an ongoing global health threat. However, currently, no standard therapy has been approved for the disease.

Objectives: To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of convalescent plasma (CP) in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) due to COVID-19.

Usefulness of C-reactive protein/albumin ratio as a predictor of new-onset atrial fibrillation in SARS-COV-2.

To investigate whether C-reactive protein/albumin ratio (CAR) has an association with new onset atrial fibrillation (NOAF) in SARS-CoV-2. This study included 782 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, who were hospitalized in Turkey. The end point of the study was an occurrence of NOAF.

New onset atrial fibrilation and risk faktors in COVID-19.

Background: There is limited data concerning the prevalence of arrhythmias, particularly atrial fibrillation (AF), which may develop as a consequence of direct myocardial injury and the inflammatory state existing in COVID-19.

Methods: This single-center study included data concerning 658 COVID-19 patients, who were hospitalized in our institute, between April 20th, 2020 and July 30th, 2020. Demographic data, findings of the imaging studies, and laboratory test results were retrieved from the institutional digital database.

The Outcome of Fungal Pneumonia with Hematological Cancer.

Background: Fungal pneumonia is a common infectious complication of hematological cancer (HC) patients. In this retrospective study, the objective was set to identify the risk factors and outcome of fungal pneumonia in adult HC patients.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study was conducted with adult (>16 years) HC patients from January 2017 and December 2018.

The diagnostic utility of the "Thwaites' system" and "lancet consensus scoring system" in tuberculous vs. non-tuberculous subacute and chronic meningitis: multicenter analysis of 395 adult patients.

Background: Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) represents a diagnostic and management challenge to clinicians. The "Thwaites' system" and "Lancet consensus scoring system" are utilized to differentiate TBM from bacterial meningitis but their utility in subacute and chronic meningitis where TBM is an important consideration is unknown.

Methods: A multicenter retrospective study of adults with subacute and chronic meningitis, defined by symptoms greater than 5 days and less than 30 days for subacute meningitis (SAM) and greater than 30 days for chronic meningitis (CM).

Risk prediction for candidemia in surgical intensive care unit patients.

Objective: Patients in surgical intensive care units are thought to be at the highest risk for developing candidemia, especially patients undergoing abdominal surgery. The present study aims to investigate risk factors for candidemia in patients with abdominal surgery.

Methods: A retrospective study was undertaken that involved patients admitted to the surgical ICU between January 2016 and January 2017.

Current therapeutic strategy in osteoarticular brucellosis.

Brucellosis is a common zoonotic disease with high morbidity. In the majority of human cases, the causative agent is B. melitensis.

A novel id-iri score: development and internal validation of the multivariable community acquired sepsis clinical risk prediction model.

We aimed to develop a scoring system for predicting in-hospital mortality of community-acquired (CA) sepsis patients. This was a prospective, observational multicenter study performed to analyze CA sepsis among adult patients through ID-IRI (Infectious Diseases International Research Initiative) at 32 centers in 10 countries between December 1, 2015, and May 15, 2016. After baseline evaluation, we used univariate analysis at the second and logistic regression analysis at the third phase.

Cutaneous ulcerations caused by Paecilomyces variotii in a renal transplant recipient.

Skin infections caused by Paecilomyces species have been rarely described in patients with solid organ transplantation. Cutaneous manifestations are highly variable and include erythematous macules, nodules, pustules, and vesicular and necrotic lesions. The diagnosis of these infections is generally made by examination of a skin biopsy.

Could Frequent Carbapenem Use Be a Risk Factor for Colistin Resistance?

Aims: The antibiotic colistin, which had been previously abandoned, is being brought back as a last line of defense against bacterial infection. However, colistin resistance was reported shortly after its reintroduction. This study evaluated the risk factors for colonization/infections due to colistin-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (ColR-Ab) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (ColR-Kp) strains and characterized the molecular epidemiology of these two strains.

An outbreak of bloodstream infection due to extensively resistant Acinetobacter baumannii among neonates.

Background: Extensively resistant Acinetobacter baumannii has emerged and spread worldwide as a significant cause of health care-associated infections and outbreaks. It also causes life-threatening infections among neonates, including bacteremia. The aim of this study was to investigate an outbreak of A baumannii bacteremia (ABB) among neonates.

Epidemiology and cost implications of candidemia, a 6-year analysis from a developing country.

Surveillance of candidemia is essential to monitor trends in species distribution and change in the incidence and antifungal resistance. In this study, we aimed to investigate prevalence, resistance rates, antifungal utilization and costs. A 6-year retrospective analysis of the data belonging to patients with candidemia hospitalized between 2010 and 2016 was performed.