Is There a Role for PET/CT Parameters to Characterize Benign, Malignant, and Metastatic Parotid Tumors?

Objective: Assessment of benign and malignant lesions of the parotid gland, including metastatic lesions, is challenging with current imaging methods. Fluorine-18 FDG PET/CT is a noninvasive imaging modality that provides both anatomic and metabolic information. Semiquantitative data obtained from PET/CT, also known as PET/CT parameters, are maximum, mean, or peak standardized uptake values (SUVs); metabolic tumor volume; total lesion glycolysis; standardized added metabolic activity; and normalized standardized added metabolic activity.

Do 18F-FDG PET/CT parameters in oropharyngeal and oral cavity squamous cell carcinomas indicate HPV status?

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the relationship of PET/CT parameters with human papillomavirus (HPV) status of oropharyngeal (OP) and oral cavity (OC) squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs).

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 39 patients with OC and OP-SCC who underwent staging 18F-FDG PET/CT. PET/CT parameters were measured for the primary tumor and the hottest involved node, including SUV max, SUV mean, SUV peak, metabolic tumor volume, total lesion glycolysis, standardized added metabolic activity (SAM), and normalized SAM.

Renal angiomyoadenomatous tumor.

We report a case of a 40-year-old woman with renal angiomyoadenomatous tumor, a rare neoplasm with only 6 previous cases reported in the literature. Unlike our case, most tumors have been identified in middle-aged males; they present as well-circumscribed, encapsulated tan-brown masses with variably prominent cystic areas. Microscopically, the tumors have a variably thick leiomyomatous capsule, which invaginates into the tumor and intermixes with tubules or solid nests of clear epithelial cells.

Transformation in mandibular imaging with sweep imaging with fourier transform magnetic resonance imaging.

Objective: Current imaging techniques are often suboptimal for the detection of mandibular invasion by squamous cell carcinoma. The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based technique known as sweep imaging with Fourier transform (SWIFT) to visualize the structural changes of intramandibular anatomy during invasion.

Design: Descriptive case study.

Combined contrast-enhanced computed tomography and 18-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose-positron emission tomography in the diagnosis and staging of non-small cell lung cancer.

We present the current optimal uses and limitations of positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) as it relates to the diagnosis and staging of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). PET/CT demonstrates increased accuracy in the workup of solitary pulmonary nodules for malignancy compared with CT alone, and we discuss its benefits and limitations. We review pitfalls in measured standardized uptake values of lung lesions caused by respiratory artifacts, the lower sensitivity for detection of small lung nodules on non-breath-hold CT, and the benefits of obtaining an additional diagnostic CT for the maximum sensitivity of lung nodule detection.

Structural and diffusion tensor imaging of the fornix in childhood- and adolescent-onset schizophrenia.

Objective: There is emerging evidence that aberrations in the integrity of cerebral white matter tracts, especially those connected to limbic structures, play a role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. The fornix is the primary efferent neural pathway of the hippocampus and has been shown to be abnormal in adults with schizophrenia.

Method: High-resolution structural magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor images were obtained on 15 patients with childhood- and adolescent-onset schizophrenia and 15 age- and sex-matched controls.

Disruption of hippocampal connectivity in children and adolescents with schizophrenia--a voxel-based diffusion tensor imaging study.

Introduction: One hypothesis that unifies the diversity of symptoms associated with schizophrenia involves the disruption of connectivity between brain regions. As white matter provides rapid and efficient communication between brain regions, this study was initiated to assess the early disruption of white matter pathways in children and adolescent with schizophrenia.

Materials And Methods: Diffusion tensor images were acquired on 14 children and adolescents with schizophrenia, one subject with schizoaffective disorder, and 15 age and gender matched controls.

Sonographic evaluation of scapholunate ligament: value of tissue harmonic imaging.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare tissue harmonic imaging (THI) and conventional (fundamental) sonography in the evaluation of the scapholunate ligament (SLL).

Methods: The bilateral SLL of 3 patients with unilateral SLL rupture and the bilateral SLL of 20 volunteers without history of trauma were examined. THI findings were compared with conventional sonographic findings.

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the thalamus in essential tremor patients.

Background And Purpose: Although essential tremor (ET) is one of the most common movement disorders, its pathogenesis remains obscure. The ventral intermediate nucleus of the thalamus (VIM nucleus) is suggested to play an important role in the occurrence of disease. In this study, the authors investigated the presence of biochemical or metabolic alterations in the thalamus of patients with ET using magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy.

MR spectroscopy of cervical spinal cord in patients with multiple sclerosis.

MR spectroscopy (MRS) of the brain in patients with multiple sclerosis has been well studied. However, in vivo MRS of the spinal cord in patients with MR spectroscopy has not been reported to our knowledge. We performed MRS of normal-appearing cervical spinal cords in multiple sclerosis patients and in healthy controls.

Sinonasal ossifying fibroma with fluid-fluid levels on MR images.

Ossifying fibroma is a rare benign neoplasm that usually affects mandibular and maxillary bones. In this report, we present a case of sinonasal ossifying fibroma with fluid-fluid levels and posterior extension toward the torus tubarius on MR images.