Stenotic double-orifice mitral valve after surgical repaired partial atrioventricular septal defect.

Double-orifice mitral valve (DOMV) is an uncommon congenital anomaly account for 1% of congenital heart disease. However, accurate diagnosis and evaluation of valve stenosis or regurgitation and other concomitant congenital anomalies due to DOMV are required to obtain suitable treatment. Two- and three-dimensional echocardiography can contribute valuable functional and anatomic information that can support to reach this goal.

The Clinical Value of Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Diabetic Foot Infection.

Background: Osteomyelitis is a common complication in the diabetic foot that can conclude with amputation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) in the diagnosis of osteomyelitis in diabetic foot ulcer (DFU).

Methods: Thirty patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and a DFU were enrolled.

The Value of Serum Prolidase Activity in Progression of Microalbuminuria in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Background: Prolidase is a cytosolic exopeptidase that plays a pivotal role in collagen turnover. Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is associated with structural changes in glomerular basement membrane accompanied with increased amounts of collagen. Prolidase is known to be abundant in kidney and collagen accumulation is increased in DN, so we aimed to determine the value of serum prolidase activity (SPA) in predicting the progression of nephropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).

Serum prolidase activity in diabetic foot ulcers.

Impaired wound healing is an important problem in diabetes mellitus; however, its pathogenesis remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate serum prolidase activity (SPA), an important marker of collagen turnover, in subjects with and without diabetic foot ulcers as compared with healthy controls. Twenty-seven patients with diabetic foot ulcers (foot ulcer group), 27 patients without diabetic foot ulcers (diabetic control group) and 27 healthy controls were enrolled.

Can first-trimester screening program detect women at high risk for gestational diabetes mellitus?

This study was designed to compare first-trimester maternal serum biochemical markers of aneuploidy and fetal nuchal translucency in pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus and those of a control group. The study included 60 gestational diabetic and 60 control women who attended the first-trimester combined screening program for Down syndrome between 11 and 14 gestational weeks with complete follow-up data and delivered in our institution. Maternal serum free β-human chorionic gonadotropin, pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A and fetal nuchal translucency were investigated.

Overt and mild subclinical hypothyroidism do not influence mean platelet volume in premenopausal women having low cardiac risk.

Mean platelet volume (MPV) was studied in subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) and the results are conflicting. The aim of this study is to assess how MPV is affected in overt hypothyroidism (OH) and mild SH, the 2 end points of hypothyroidism, in patients having low cardiac risk. Premenopausal women without any cardiac risk, 18 with OH, 30 with mild SH, and 37 euthyroid controls were enrolled.

Recurrent symptomatic hypocalcemia during rifampicin therapy for brucellosis.

Drug-associated hypocalcemia is rare, but may occur during routinely administered drugs. We reported a case of vertebral brucellosis, which developed two hypocalcemic episodes associated with hypokalemic alkalosis with two drug combinations including rifampicin. Possible underlying mechanisms of hypocalcemia were discussed.

Paraoxonase-1 is not affected in polycystic ovary syndrome without metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance, but oxidative stress is altered.

Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) activity is decreased in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) having metabolic syndrome (MetS) or insulin resistance (IR). We aimed to assess PON1 activity and oxidative stress in PCOS without MetS or IR. Metabolic and hormonal parameters, high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), oxidative stress parameters (total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidative stress (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH), total free sulfhydryl (--SH) groups), PON and arylesterase were analyzed in 30 normal weighed patients with PCOS without MetS or IR and 20 normal controls.

Non-diabetic metabolic syndrome and obesity do not affect serum paraoxonase and arylesterase activities but do affect oxidative stress and inflammation.

Objective: Paraoxonase-1 (PON-1), which has PON and arylesterase activities, is a high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-bound antioxidant enzyme that inhibits atherosclerosis. Diabetes has been shown to have an impact on oxidative stress. The effect of metabolic syndrome (MetS) on oxidative stress and PON-1 has been shown before, and PON-1 has been found to be related with accelerated atherogenesis.

49,XXXXY syndrome with autoimmune diabetes and ocular manifestations.

Objective: We report a rare case of 49,XXXXY syndrome with autoimmune diabetes (requiring insulin therapy), bilateral cataracts and unilateral glaucoma.

Clinical Presentation And Intervention: A 25-year-old man with mental retardation presented with multiple skeletal abnormalities, polyuria and polydipsia. He had high glucose concentrations, without ketonuria, and hypergonadotropic hypogonadism.

The factors that affect plasma homocysteine levels, pulse wave velocity and their relationship with cardiovascular disease indicators in peritoneal dialysis patients.

Objective: The incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is high in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) population and hyperhomocysteinemia is an important CVD risk factor. The aims of this study are to asses the incidence of hyperhomocysteinemia and the factors that affect the homocysteine (Hcy) levels in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients, and to analyze the relationships between Hcy levels and clinical and echocardiographic CVD, and the pulse wave velocity (PWV).

Study Design: Sixty ESRD patients undergoing PD for at least 6 months were included in the study.

Asymmetric dimethylarginine levels and carotid intima-media thickness in obese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome and their relationship to metabolic parameters.

Objective: To evaluate the plasma asymmetric dimethyl arginine (ADMA) levels and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Design: Prospective study.

Setting: University medical center.

Serum total antioxidant status and lipid peroxidation marker malondialdehyde levels in overt and subclinical hypothyroidism.

Background: Mitochondria are the main production site of free oxygen radicals, which can cause organ dysfunction by oxidation of cellular macromolecules such as carbohydrates, lipids and proteins. Oxidative stress may result from either overproduction of these species or from failure of the antioxidant defence systems. Thyroid hormones have well-known effects on mitochondrial oxygen consumption, but data about how hypothyroidism affects oxidative stress are controversial, and little is known about oxidative stress in subclinical hypothyroidism.

Frequency, risk factors, and responsible pathogenic microorganisms of asymptomatic bacteriuria in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Urinary tract infection is a serious problem in diabetic patients, and asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) in these patients is a risk factor for pyelonephritis and renal dysfunction. In the present study, we investigated the relationships between age, body mass index, duration of diabetes, HbA1c level, glucosuria, glomerular filtration rate and microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetic patients with ASB. One hundred and twenty-three patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were included in the study.