Neonatal Hyperglycemia, which threshold value, diagnostic approach and treatment?: Turkish Neonatal and Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Societies consensus report.

Hyperglycemia has become an important risk factor for mortality and morbidity in the neonatal period, especially with increased survival rates of very low birth weight neonates. Hyperglycemia in the neonatal period develops as a result of various mechanisms including iatrogenic causes, inability to supress hepatic glucose production, insulin resistance or glucose intolerance, specifically in preterm neonates. Initiation of parenteral or enteral feeding in the early period in preterm babies increases insulin production and sensitivity.

Management of hypoglycemia in newborn: Turkish Neonatal and Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Societies consensus report.

Hypoglycemia is one of the most important and most common metabolic problems of the newborn because it poses a risk of neurological injury, if it is prolonged and recurs. Therefore, newborns who carry a risk of hypoglycemia should be fed immediately after delivery and the blood glucose level should be measured with intervals of 2-3 hours from the 30 minute after feeding. The threshold value for hypoglycemia is 40 mg/dL for the first 24 hours in symptomatic babies.

Turkish Neonatal Society guideline on neonatal infections-diagnosis and treatment.

Neonatal infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the first month of life, especially in developing countries. Despite advances in neonatology, neonatal infections still haves clinical importance because of nonspecific signs and symptoms, no perfect diagnostic marker, and interference with non-infectious diseases of newborns. Diagnosis is typically made by clinical and laboratory findings.

Evaluation of pulmonary functions in preschool children born late-preterm.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the pulmonary functions of preschool children born late-preterm.

Material And Methods: Children aged between 3-7 years who were born at 3436 weeks' gestation represented the target sample. Patients with a diagnosis of congenital cardiac, pulmonary and/or muscle diseases were excluded.

Neonatal sepsis and simple minor neurological dysfunction.

Background: This study examined potential risk factors for and consequences of simple minor neurological dysfunction (SMND), in a group of very low-birthweight newborns followed until preschool age.

Methods: This was a prospective longitudinal study. Children with birthweight <1500 g were assessed at 4-6 years of age.

Evaluation of lung function on impulse oscillometry in preschool children born late preterm.

Background: There is a paucity of data on lung physiology in late-preterm children, who may be exposed to a risk of decline in lung function during childhood. In this study, we evaluated lung function in preschool children born late preterm using impulse oscillometry (IOS), and compared the results with those obtained in healthy term-born children.

Methods: Children between 3 and 7 years of age who were born late preterm and who were being followed up at the outpatient clinic were included as the late-preterm group.

Functional pulmonary atresia in newborn with normal intracardiac anatomy: Successful treatment with inhaled nitric oxide and pulmonary vasodilators.

Functional pulmonary atresia is characterized by a structurally normal pulmonary valve that does not open during right ventricular ejection. It is usually associated with Ebstein's anomaly, Uhl's anomaly, neonatal Marfan syndrome and tricuspid valve dysplasia. However, functional pulmonary atresia is rarely reported in newborn with anatomically normal heart.

The effect of IVF pregnancies on mortality and morbidity in tertiary unit.

Background: There are several studies that have shown an increased risk of premature birth and developmental abnormalities with in vitro fertilization (IVF); however, the data on preterm mortality and morbidity are limited.

Aim: Our aim is to investigate whether IVF had an effect on the mortality and morbidity in neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit.

Methods: A total of 940 term and preterm babies who were admitted to the intensive care unit over a period of 2 years were enrolled.

Acute effects of gentamicin on glomerular and tubular functions in preterm neonates.

It has been reported that gentamicin causes natriuresis, magnesuria and calciuria in neonates. The aim of this study was to determine the acute effects of trough and peak levels of gentamicin on the values of serum creatinine (SCr), urine albumin/urine creatinine (UA/UCr), fractional excretion of sodium and potassium (FENa, FEK) and urine calcium/urine creatinine (UCa/UCr) in preterm neonates treated with gentamicin for suspected infection. Baseline levels of serum and urine Cr, Na and K and urine albumin and Ca levels together with trough and peak gentamicin levels were measured in 61 preterm neonates at the start of the therapy, on the day of the third gentamicin dose and 48-72 h after the cessation of the gentamicin therapy.

Concentrations of toxic metals and trace elements in the meconium of newborns from an industrial city.

Objective: To investigate fetal exposure to toxic metals [lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd)] and fetal levels of trace elements [zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and iron (Fe)] in newborns from an industrial city. Relationships between meconium mineral contents and parental occupation and location of residence were also tested.

Method: The meconium mineral contents of 117 healthy newborn infants were measured by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer.

An outbreak of SHV-5 producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in a neonatal intensive care unit; meropenem failed to avoid fecal colonization.

An outbreak of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL-Kp) in a neonatal intensive care unit prompted a prospective surveillance study between 12th September and 6th October 2003. Surveillance was carried out by obtaining stool samples twice a week. The DNA relatedness of the isolates was shown by random amplified polymorphic DNA comparison (ERIC-PCR).

The effect of blood gas and Apgar score on cord blood cardiac troponin I.

Objectives: The aims of this study were to (a) establish a reference range for cardiac troponin I (cTnI) in the cord blood of healthy infants, and (b) investigate the effect of Apgar score, cord blood gas, gestational age, and creatine kinase (CK) and creatine kinase MB (CK-MB) fraction levels on cord blood cTnI levels.

Methods: 112 perinatal hypoxic and 84 control newborns without perinatal hypoxia were enrolled in this study. Cord blood samples were collected from the babies for arterial blood gas analysis, cTnI, CK and CK-MB measurements.

Serum leptin levels of premature and full-term newborns in early infancy: metabolic catch-up of premature babies.

Leptin is secreted from the edipose tissue and has an important role in the regulation of energy metabolism. This study aimed to compare serum leptin levels of preterm and full-term infants during the first three months of their life and to define the roles of sex, weight, thickness of subcutaneous adipose tissue, gestational age and maternal leptin in the determination of serum leptin levels. Forty-four full-term and 32 preterm infants were included in the study.

Cord blood cardiac troponin I as an early predictor of short-term outcome in perinatal hypoxia.

Background: In most perinatal-hypoxia survivors, myocardial dysfunction can be reversed with appropriate inotropic support and oxygenation. The main problem related to outcome is cerebral damage.

Objective: We tested the hypothesis that cardiac troponin I (cTnI), a known marker of myocardial injury, is also an early predictor of severity of cerebral damage and mortality in intrauterine hypoxia.