Il-6 and MSH3 in colorectal carcinoma: Expression, relationship, and prognostic significance in 171 colorectal carcinoma cases.

Aims: Colorectal cancer (CRC), the most common type of gastrointestinal cancer, mostly develops as a result of environmental factors. Inflammation is a relatively uncommon but crucial contributor to its etiology, and inflammation is also thought to pose a risk in patients without a clinical diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease. In cell lines, the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) causes a cytosolic shift in the mismatch repair protein MSH3, accompanied by functional loss.

Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TIL), Tertiary Lymphoid Structures (TLS), and Expression of PD-1, TIM-3, LAG-3 on TIL in Invasive and In Situ Ductal Breast Carcinomas and Their Relationship with Prognostic Factors.

Introduction: Immunotherapy has been determined as an important choice in breast carcinomas, especially in tumors with markedly inflammatory response. About this promising subject, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) and the expression of immune control point receptors on TIL have gained importance.

Materials And Methods: In this study, stromal TIL and tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) were determined in tumor tissues of 312 invasive and 68 in situ breast cancer patients.

Comparison of the efficiency of transgelin, smooth muscle myosin, and CD31 antibodies for the assessment of vascular tumor invasion and free tumor deposits in gastric, pancreatic, and colorectal adenocarcinomas.

Background: This study aimed to compare CD31, smooth muscle myosin (SMM), and transgelin antibodies for their efficiency in detecting venous invasion (VI) and the nature of free tumor deposits (TDs) in gastric, pancreatic, and colorectal adenocarcinomas.

Materials And Methods: Eleven Whipple, 5 gastrectomy, and 3 colectomy specimens and 1 low anterior resection specimen were reviewed and examined, revealing 254 probable foci. Foci were reviewed and divided into 3 types: Type A, the "orphan artery" pattern; Type F, free TDs in the periorgan adipose and connective tissue without an unaccompanied artery; and Type X, a focus that could be detected only with the immunohistochemical procedures mentioned.

Compared With Elastin Stains, h-Caldesmon and Desmin Offer Superior Detection of Vessel Invasion in Gastric, Pancreatic, and Colorectal Adenocarcinomas.

Background: The presence of vessel invasion is considered indicative of a poor prognosis in many malignant tumors. We aimed to compare the sensitivity of elastin stains (van Gieson's and orcein methods) with 2 smooth muscle markers (h-caldesmon and desmin) in gastric, pancreatic, and colorectal adenocarcinoma specimens.

Materials And Methods: We used 27 (29.

Proliferation markers RacGAP1 and Ki-67 in gastrointestinal stromal tumors by immunohistochemistry with respect to clinicopathological features and different risk stratification systems.

RacGAP1 is a protein associated with cell proliferation, cell growth regulation, cell transformation and metastasis. The present study was designed to evaluate RacGAP1 expression in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) for the first time in the literature and to determine its association with some predictive clinicopathological features, Ki-67 proliferation index, and risk stratification systems of Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP) and modified National Institutes of Health (NIH). Paraffin-embedded tissues of 100 GISTs were investigated, retrospectively.

Thymosin beta-4 overexpression correlates with high-risk groups in gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors: A retrospective analysis by immunohistochemistry.

Background: Thymosin beta-4 (Tβ4) is a protein that is linked to a number of important biological actions and recently tumor progression and poor prognosis of some tumors. The aim of this study was to evaluate Tβ4 expression in gastric GISTs and correlate with some clinicopathological characteristics related with prognosis and clinical outcome in order to add further data to the current literature.

Methods: Tβ4 antibody was applied to the 4μm-thick paraffin sections of 57 gastric GISTs by immunohistochemistry.

The prognostic significance of ING4 expression on gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors by immunohistochemistry.

Objective: Inhibitor of growth 4 (ING4) is a novel tumor suppressor gene that is reported to be down-regulated in various tumors including gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) originated from different locations, recently. Herein, we aimed to evaluate ING4 expression and its prognostic significance on gastric GISTs in order to add further data to the current literature.

Material And Methods: ING4 was evaluated in samples of gastric GISTs from 62 patients, by immunohistochemistry.

Clinicopathologic and prognostic significance of immunohistochemical expression of HIF-1α, CXCR4 and CA9 in colorectal carcinoma.

Objective: To investigate the immunohistochemical expressions of HIF-1α, CA9 and CXCR4 in resected human CRC specimens in relation to clinicopathologic and prognostic variables.

Methods: A total of 186 patients (mean(SD) age: 56.7(12.

The Diagnostic and Prognostic Utility of DOG1 Expression on Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors.

Objective: We aimed to review our archives in order to evaluate both the diagnostic and prognostic significance of DOG1 on gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), and add further insight about those issues to the current literature including some conflicting results.

Material And Method: DOG1 was evaluated in 100 cases of GISTs, immunohistochemically. Immunostaining index was counted for each antibody by using both the intensity and extent of staining.

Relationship between indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity and lymphatic invasion propensity of colorectal carcinoma.

Aim: To evaluate whether serum and tumor indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activities can predict lymphatic invasion (LI) or lymph node metastasis in colorectal carcinoma.

Methods: The study group consisted of 44 colorectal carcinoma patients. The patients were re-grouped according to the presence or absence of LI and lymph node metastasis.

Two gastrointestinal conditions with similar symptoms and endoscopic appearance: irritable bowel syndrome and microscopic colitis.

Background/aim: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a gastrointestinal condition characterized by chronic abdominal pain, discomfort, bloating, and alteration of bowel habits in the absence of any organic cause. This trial investigated the presence of microscopic colitis (MC) and associated factors related to MC in patients diagnosed with IBS.

Materials And Methods: The study group (group I) consisted of 91 consecutive patients diagnosed with IBS based on the Rome III Criteria for whom colonoscopic examination was requested.

The role of interleukin-1 gene polymorphisms and Helicobacter pylori in gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Background/aims: Our aim is to assess the relationship between interleukin 1β (IL-1 β), (-511,-31 alleles), interleukin 1RN (IL-RN), Helicobacter pylori (HP) status and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) diagnosed by pH monitoring in the Turkish population.

Materials And Methods: A Total of 100 consecutive patients with GERD were enrolled in the study. Genotypes of IL-1β (-511,-31), IL-1RN gene polymorphisms and HP status of the patients were analyzed.

Discordances in HER2 status between primary gastric cancer and corresponding metastatic sites.

Objective: Determination of human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 status in advanced gastric cancer is important in clinical decision making. In the trastuzumab for GC trial, trastuzumab-based therapy demonstrated a significant overall survival benefit in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor-2-positive advanced gastric cancer. Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 discordance in gastric cancer primary and its metastases has been long debated.

A rare cause of protein losing enteropathy: collagenous sprue.

Collagenous sprue is a clinicopathological entity with an unknown etiology. Its clinical features include progressive malabsorption, diarrhea, weight loss, unresponsiveness to treatment, and high mortality rates. The age interval of collagenous sprue is quite broad and ranges between 2 and 85 years.

Comparison of WHO 2000 and WHO 2010 classifications of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.

Background/aims: Grading and staging are important in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors for directing treatment. In this study, we evaluated the histopathological parameters of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors and statistically analyzed the correlations of these parameters between the World Health Organization (WHO) 2000 and 2010 classifications.

Materials And Methods: A total of 77 cases diagnosed as neuroendocrine tumors were included in the study.

Assessment of COX-2 expression presence and severity by immunohistochemical method in patients with chronic active gastritis and intestinal metaplasia.

Background/aims: The risk of gastric cancer is increased in patients with intestinal metaplasia. Cyclooxygenase-2 activity is crucial for gastric cancer cell survival and proliferation. We aimed to assess cyclooxygenase-2 expression in patients with intestinal metaplasia or chronic active gastritis and in patients with or without a family history of gastric cancer, i.

Serrated polyps of the colon: how reproducible is their classification?

For several years, the lack of consensus on definition, nomenclature, natural history, and biology of serrated polyps (SPs) of the colon has created considerable confusion among pathologists. According to the latest WHO classification, the family of SPs comprises hyperplastic polyps (HPs), sessile serrated adenomas/polyps (SSA/Ps), and traditional serrated adenomas (TSAs). The term SSA/P with dysplasia has replaced the category of mixed hyperplastic/adenomatous polyps (MPs).

Evaluation of apoptosis along with BCL-2 and Ki-67 expression in patients with intestinal metaplasia.

The primary aim is to compare individuals with intestinal metaplasia (IM), chronic active gastritis (CAG), and normal gastric mucosa (NGM) in terms of apoptosis, proliferation, and Bcl-2 expression. The secondary aim is to determine whether these parameters are different between patients with and without gastric cancer in first-degree relatives. We enrolled 106 patients whose histopathological results were consistent with IM (n: 42), CAG (n: 51), or NGM (n: 13).

Near infrared spectroscopy to diagnose experimental testicular torsion: comparison with Doppler ultrasound and immunohistochemical correlation of tissue oxygenation and viability.

Purpose: Near infrared spectroscopy measures tissue oxygenation even when there is complete cessation of blood flow. We evaluated near infrared spectroscopy to diagnose testicular torsion and blindly compared its accuracy with that of Doppler ultrasound. We also compared it by immunohistochemical evaluation of hypoxia and cell viability.

Survivin expression and its potential clinical significance in gastrointestinal stromal sarcoma.

This study was designed to determine the level of survivin expression and its clinical significance as a prognostic factor in gastrointestinal stromal sarcoma (GIST). Twenty patients (12 males and 8 females) ranging in age from 25 to 72, with a median age of 53 were evaluated. Failure of TKI treatment was higher in the survivin-positive group (p=0.

Is there an association between Helicobacter pylori in the inlet patch and globus sensation?

Aim: To determine the association between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and globus sensation (GS) in the patients with cervical inlet patch.

Methods: Sixty-eight patients with esophageal inlet patches were identified from 6760 consecutive patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy prospectively.

Peritumoral lymphatic microvessel density associated with tumor progression and poor prognosis in gastric carcinoma.

Background: Lymphangiogenesis and angiogenesis are critical processes for tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis, and are crucial for therapeutic strategies. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical significance of lymphangiogenesis and its regulation in gastric carcinomas.

Methods: The lymphatic vessel density (LVD) in 65 gastric carcinoma cases was investigated by immunohistochemistry using D2-40 antibody, and evaluated with prognostic parameters.

Ultrastructure protection and attenuation of lipid peroxidation after blockade of presynaptic release of glutamate by lamotrigine in experimental spinal cord injury.

Object: Lamotrigine is an antiepileptic drug that inhibits presynaptic voltage-gated sodium channels and reduces the presynaptic release of glutamate in pathological states. Neuroprotective effects of this drug have already been demonstrated in cerebral ischemia models. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of presynaptic glutamate release inhibition on experimental spinal cord injury (SCI).

Could the simplified (14)C urea breath test be a new standard in noninvasive diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection?

Objective: The carbon-14 ((14)C) urea breath test (UBT) is a reliable and noninvasive technique for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection. The diagnostic performance of a new practical and low dose (14)C UBT system (Heliprobe, Stockholm, Sweden) was compared with those of other diagnostic tests, namely, rapid urease test (RUT), histopathology, and DNA detection using polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Methods: Eighty-nine patients (mean age = 45 +/- 13, 30 men) with dyspeptic complaints who underwent an endoscopic procedure were studied.

Relationship of Ki67, TP53, MDM-2 and BCL-2 expressions with WHO 1973 and WHO/ISUP grades, tumor category and overall patient survival in urothelial tumors of the bladder.

Using the 1998 World Health Organization/International Society of Urological Pathology (WHO/ISUP) (2004 WHO), 1999 WHO/ISUP, and 1973 WHO classifications, we examined Ki67, BCL-2, TP53, and MDM-2 expressions in invasive and noninvasive urothelial neoplasias of the bladder of 72 patients, and compared the results regarding tumor category and grade with clinical outcome to determine the clinicopathological relevance of these classifications. Ki67 and TP53 expressions were correlated with tumor grades of the 1973 WHO classification, and they also distinguished "papillary urothelial neoplasm with low malignant potential" from other WHO/ISUP grades (p < 0.05).