Metformin and Aspirin: Anticancer effects on A549 and PC3 cancer cells and the mechanisms of action.

Unlabelled: Metformin exerts its anticancer effect through two mechanisms, directly affecting the tumor and indirectly reducing systemic insulin levels. The anticancer effects of aspirin occur by inhibiting Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2. COX-2 is absent in many cell types under normal conditions and increases under pathological conditions such as cancer.