Impaired energy metabolism and altered brain histoarchitecture characterized by inhibition of glycolysis and mitochondrial electron transport-linked enzymes in rats exposed to diisononyl phthalate.

The brain is an energy demanding organ, constituting about 20 % of the body's resting metabolic rate. An efficient energy metabolism is critical to neuronal functions. Glucose serves as the primary essential energy source for the adult brain and plays a critical role in supporting neural growth and development.

Evaluation of the toxicological effects of atrazine-metolachlor in male rats: in vivo and in silico studies.

The types and mechanisms of atrazine-metolachlor toxicity, an herbicide composed of atrazine (ATR) and metolachlor (MET), need to be further investigated. This study evaluated the toxic actions of ATR-MET by in vivo and in silico methods. Here, varying doses of ATR-MET were orally administered to rats once daily for twenty-one days using normal saline as control.

Hydroethanolic Extract of Defatted Seeds Alleviates Tamoxifen-Induced Hepatic Triglyceride Accumulation, Inflammation and Oxidative Distress in Rat.

Tamoxifen (TMX) has proven to be effective in the prevention and treatment of breast cancer. However, long-term use of TMX is associated with hepatic steatosis, oxidative liver injury and hepatocarcinoma. seeds (BCS) have been widely applied in traditional medicine due to their nutritional and therapeutic potentials.

Phytotherapy as Multi-Hit Therapy to Confront the Multiple Pathophysiology in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review of Experimental Interventions.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), or metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), is a metabolic condition distinguished by fat deposition in the hepatocytes. It has a prevalence of about 25% worldwide and is associated with other conditions such as diabetes mellitus, obesity, hypertension, etc. : There is currently no approved drug therapy for NAFLD.

Buchholzia coriacea seed (wonderful kolanut) alleviates insulin resistance, steatosis, inflammation and oxidative stress in high fat diet model of fatty liver disease.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a hepatic condition with multiple pathological features and it currently has no specific treatment or approved drug. Wonderful kolanut widely consumed fresh or cooked has been applied in the treatment of numerous diseases in folk medicine. In this study, we evaluate the therapeutic potentials of hydroethanolic extract of defatted Buccholzia coriacea seeds (HEBCS) in NAFLD model.

An albino mouse model of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease induced using high-fat liquid "Lieber-DeCarli" diet: a preliminary investigation.

Background: Experimental diet models have proven to be vital to understanding the pathophysiology and management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Lieber-DeCarli high-fat, liquid diet have been used to produce NAFLD in rat models. There is, however, currently no information on the effects of this diet in the mouse model.

The role of flavonoid antioxidant, morin in improving procarbazine-induced oxidative stress on testicular function in rat.

Background: Procarbazine (PCZ) is an effective chemotherapeutic drug used in the treatment of lymphoma; however, oxidative stress-mediated testicular toxicity is a major side effect. Recently, therapeutic intervention using flavonoids against oxidative stress-related pathologies is gaining more attention. Morin (MOR) is a natural flavonoid with proven antioxidant activity.

Ameliorative Effect of Caffeic Acid on Capecitabine-Induced Hepatic and Renal Dysfunction: Involvement of the Antioxidant Defence System.

: It has been postulated that during liver and kidney damage there is a decreased in the antioxidant status associated with a simultaneous increase in the reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation. In consonant with this, Capecitabine, an oral chemotherapy and inactive non-cytotoxic fluoropyrimidine considered for the treatment of advance colorectal cancer, has also been shown to induce oxidative stress in liver tissues. Caffeic acid, a typical hydroxycinnamic, has been claimed to be effective against oxidative stress.

Ameliorative Effect of Gallic Acid on Methotrexate-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Nephrotoxicity in Rat.

We investigated the protective effect of gallic acid (GA) against methotrexate (MTX)-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Male Wistar rats were randomized into five groups ( = 6/group): I, control; II, MTX-treated for seven days; III, pre-treated with GA for seven days, followed by MTX for seven days; IV, co-treated with MTX and GA for seven days and V, GA for seven days. MTX caused a significant increase (P<0.

Fluazifop- p-butyl, an aryloxyphenoxypropionate herbicide, diminishes renal and hepatic functions and triggers testicular oxidative stress in orally exposed rats.

Fluazifop- p-butyl (FPB) is a selective aryloxyphenoxypropionate herbicide. Its phytotoxicity mechanism involves inhibition of lipid biosynthesis, free-radical generation, and oxidative stress in vulnerable plants. This study evaluates the impact of orally administered FPB on selected tissues in non-target animal model.

Quercetin, a Flavonoid Antioxidant, Ameliorated Procarbazine-Induced Oxidative Damage to Murine Tissues.

Procarbazine (PCZ) (indicated in Hodgkin's disease), is an alkylating agent known to generate free radicals in vivo, while Quercetin (QCT) is a flavonoid antioxidant with proven free radical scavenging capacity. This study investigated the protective effects of QCT on PCZ-induced oxidative damage in the rat. Male Wistar rats (160-180 g) were randomized into five groups (n = 5/group): I (control), II PCZ-treated (2 mg/kg body weight (bw) for seven days); III pre-treated with QCT (20 mg/kg bw) for seven days, followed by PCZ for seven days; IV co-treated with PCZ and QCT for seven days and V administered QCT alone for seven days.

Influence of Moxifloxacin on Hepatic Redox Status and Plasma Biomarkers of Hepatotoxicity and Nephrotoxicity in Rat.

Moxifloxacin is a broad spectrum fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent. We examined the hepatic redox status and plasma biomarkers of nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity in rat following administration of moxifloxacin (MXF). Twenty-four Wistar rats, 180-200 g, were randomized into four groups (I-IV).

Hepatotoxicity, Nephrotoxicity and Oxidative Stress in Rat Testis Following Exposure to Haloxyfop--methyl Ester, an Aryloxyphenoxypropionate Herbicide.

Haloxyfop--methyl ester (HPME) (()-2-{4-[3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridyloxy]phenoxy}propionic acid), is a selective aryloxyphenoxypropionate (AOPP) herbicide. It exerts phytotoxicity through inhibition of lipid metabolism and induction of oxidative stress in susceptible plants. This study investigated the toxicological potentials of HPME in rats.

Ameliorative Effect of Gallic Acid on Cyclophosphamide-Induced Oxidative Injury and Hepatic Dysfunction in Rats.

Cyclophosphamide (CP), a bifunctional alkylating agent used in chemotherapy has been reported to induce organ toxicity mediated by generation of reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress. Gallic acid (GA), a phenolic substance, is a natural antioxidant with proven free radical scavenging activity and offers protection against oxidative damage. This research study was designed to investigate the ameliorative effect of GA against CP-induced toxicity in rats.

Protective effect of quercetin on melphalan-induced oxidative stress and impaired renal and hepatic functions in rat.

One major challenge with the use of anticancer agents is the phenomenon of drug-induced toxicity. Melphalan (MPLN) is an alkylating anticancer agent, while quercetin (QCT) is an antioxidant. We investigated the protective role of quercetin against MPLN-induced toxicity.

Kolaviron and L-ascorbic Acid attenuate chlorambucil-induced testicular oxidative stress in rats.

Chlorambucil (4-[4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]phenyl]butanoic acid) is an alkylating agent, indicated in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Kolaviron (KV), a biflavonoid complex from Garcinia kola, and L-ascorbic acid (AA) are known to protect against oxidative damage in vivo. This study evaluates the protective capacity of KV and AA on chlorambucil-induced oxidative stress in the testes of rat.