The prevalence and risk of mortality associated with intradialytic hypertension among patients with end-stage kidney disease on haemodialysis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Intradialytic hypertension (IDHTN) is a common but less frequently recognised complication of haemodialysis. However, it is associated with increased overall mortality in patients on haemodialysis. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the prevalence of IDHTN and associated mortality risk in the global haemodialysis population.

Hospitalization patterns in HD patients in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A comprehensive cohort study.

Introduction: The rate of hospitalization represents a morbidity indicator in HD patients. The study aimed to evaluate hospitalization patterns in a large HD cohort.

Methods: All DaVita-KSA HD patients from October 2014 to December 2019 were included.

Value of early second session shock wave lithotripsy in treatment of upper ureteric stones compared to laser ureteroscopy.

Purpose: The safety and efficacy of early second session shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) compared with laser ureteroscopy (URS) for the treatment of upper ureteric stones were evaluated.

Methods: From January to October 2019, 108 patients with upper ureteric stones (< 1.5 cm and ≤ 1000 Hounsfield unit (HU)) were randomized into SWL and laser URS groups.

Relation of baseline prostate volume to improvement of lower urinary tract symptoms due to tamsulosin monotherapy in benign prostatic hyperplasia: An exploratory, multicenter, prospective study.

Aims: The aim of the study was to investigate the relation between baseline prostate volume (PV) and the improvement of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) induced by tamsulosin monotherapy after 2-year follow-up in Egyptian benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients.

Settings And Design: This was a prospective comparative multicenter study.

Subjects And Methods: Three hundred and eighty-one BPH patients were included in the study from January 2014 to January 2017.

Ultraslow full-power shock wave lithotripsy protocol in the management of high attenuation value upper ureteric stones: A randomized comparative study.

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ultraslow full-power shock wave lithotripsy protocol in the management of high attenuation value upper ureteric stones compared with slow-rate, power-ramping shock wave lithotripsy.

Methods: This was a randomized trial enrolling patients with a single high attenuation value (≥1000 HU) upper ureteric stones between January 2019 and July 2019. Ultraslow full-power shock wave lithotripsy (54 patients) was applied at a rate of 30 shock waves/min with power ramping from 6 to 18 kV for 100 shock waves, then a safety pause for 2 min, followed by ramping 18-22 kV for 100 shock waves, then a safety pause for 2 min.

Percutaneous nephrostomy versus JJ ureteric stent as the initial drainage method in kidney stone patients presenting with acute kidney injury: A prospective randomized study.

Objective: To compare percutaneous nephrostomy tube versus JJ stent as an initial urinary drainage procedure in kidney stone patients presenting with acute kidney injury.

Methods: Between January 2017 and January 2019, 143 patients with acute kidney injury secondary to obstructive kidney stone were prospectively randomized into the percutaneous nephrostomy tube group (71 patients) and JJ stent group (72 patients) at Beni-Suef University Hospital, Beni-Suef, Egypt. Exclusion criteria included candidates for acute dialysis, fever (>38°C), pyonephrosis, pregnancy and uncontrolled coagulopathy.

Ultraslow full-power shock wave lithotripsy versus slow power-ramping shock wave lithotripsy in stones with high attenuation value: A randomized comparative study.

Objectives: To compare the efficacy and safety of ultraslow full-power versus slow rate, power-ramping shock wave lithotripsy in the management of stones with a high attenuation value.

Methods: This was a randomized comparative study enrolling patients with single high attenuation value (≥1000 Hounsfield unit) stones (≤3 cm) between September 2015 and May 2018. Patients with skin-to-stone distance >11 cm or body mass index >30 kg/m were excluded.

Predictive value of the immediate effect of first dose of tamsulosin on lower urinary tract symptoms improvement in benign prostatic hyperplasia patients.

Objectives: The objective is to study the effect of tamsulosin within hours after the first dose and its prediction of the future improvement of LUTS.

Materials And Methods: From May 2016 until August 2017, 340 patients aged over 40 years with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)-related symptoms were prospectively enrolled; 0.4 mg tamsulosin for 3 months was given.

Outcome of Botulinum Toxin-A intraprostatic injection for benign prostatic hyperplasia induced lower urinary tract symptoms: A prospective multicenter study.

Introduction: Our aim was to determine the factors predicting the outcome of intraprostatic injection of Botulinum Toxin-A (BTX-A) in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)-induced lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and to evaluate its efficacy and safety.

Methods: Between September 2016 and May 2018, 45 Egyptian patients, with BPH-induced LUTS were included; the indication was a failure of medical treatment, unfit, or refusing surgical intervention. Measurements of prostate size by TRUS, total PSA level before and 12 weeks after injection.

PCA3-based nomogram for predicting prostate cancer and high grade cancer on initial transrectal guided biopsy.

Background: To develop a validated prostate cancer antigen 3 (PCA3) based nomogram that predicts likelihood of overall prostate cancer (PCa) and intermediate/high grade prostate cancer (HGPCa) in men pursuing initial transrectal prostate biopsy (TRUS-PBx).

Methods: Data were collected on 3,675 men with serum prostate specific antigen level (PSA) ≤ 20 ng/ml who underwent initial prostate biopsy with at least 10 cores sampling at time of the biopsy. Two logistic regression models were constructed to predict overall PCa and HGPCa incorporating age, race, family history (FH) of PCa, PSA at diagnosis, PCA3, total prostate volume (TPV), and digital rectal exam (DRE).

Combined Vaginal Pelvic Floor Electrical Stimulation (PFS) and Local Vaginal Estrogen for Treatment of Overactive Bladder (OAB) in Perimenopausal Females. Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT).

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of combined vaginal pelvic floor electrical stimulation (PFS) and local vaginal estrogen in treatment of female overactive bladder (OAB).

Material And Methods: This is a randomized controlled trial carried out on 315 perimenopausal females with OAB who were randomly allocated into 3 equal groups. Group A underwent PFS using vaginal probes twice weekly for 12 sessions.

The success of extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy based on the stone-attenuation value from non-contrast computed tomography.

Objective: To determine the utility of the urinary stone-attenuation value (SAV, in Hounsfield units, HU) from non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT) for predicting the success of extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy (ESWL).

Patients And Methods: The study included 305 patients with renal calculi of ⩽30 mm and upper ureteric calculi of ⩽20 mm. The SAV was measured using NCCT.

Low risk patients benefit from extreme anterior apical sampling on initial biopsy for prostate cancer diagnosis.

Background: To assess the effect of additional extreme apical sampling on prostate cancer (PCa) detection and aggressiveness in patients with standard risk versus high risk of a positive biopsy.

Methods: Three thousand fifty three men were reviewed from our institution review board approved prostate biopsy database. Two thousand five hundred and twenty one underwent biopsy with 12 cores while 532 underwent 14 core sampling (2 extra cores from the extreme anterior apex).

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy in the oblique supine lithotomy position and prone position: a comparative study.

Objectives: To compare the safety, efficacy, and complications of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in the oblique supine lithotomy position vs the prone position in a randomized comparative study.

Patients And Methods: The study included 101 and 102 patients in the oblique supine lithotomy position and prone position, respectively. Inclusion criteria were renal and upper ureteral stones.

The utility of PSA velocity in prediction of prostate cancer and high grade cancer after an initially negative prostate biopsy.

Background: Prostate specific antigen kinetics (PSAK) including prostate specific antigen velocity (PSAV) and PSA doubling time (PSADT) are used as predictors of prostate cancer (PCa) therapeutic outcome, disease prognosis, and cancer-specific mortality. However controversy persists regarding use of these parameters in cancer detection. Our aim is to evaluate PSAV as a predictor of PCa and intermediate/high grade PCa (HGPCa).

Identification of the variables associated with pain during transrectal ultrasonography-guided prostate biopsy in the era of periprostatic nerve block: the role of transrectal probe configuration.

Objective: To identify the different factors that are associated with pain perceived during transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS)-guided prostate biopsy (PBx), with special focus on the role of transrectal probe configuration.

Patients And Methods: We analysed prospective data on 1114 patients undergoing TRUS-guided PBx at our institute from January 2007 to August 2010. Patients completed questionnaires based on a 10-point visual analogue pain scale related to the consecutive steps of PBx: probe insertion, application of periprostatic nerve block (PPNB) and the obtaining of PBx cores.

Does positive family history of prostate cancer increase the risk of prostate cancer on initial prostate biopsy?

Objective: To assess the role of family history (FH) in the risk of a positive prostate biopsy (PBx) in a large North American biopsy population as earlier reports showed increased risk of prostate cancer (PCa) in men with a FH, but the risk has been limited to low grade prostate cancer in smaller studies, and the REDUCE trial found no such risk in North American patients.

Methods: We evaluated 4360 men undergoing initial extended biopsy (8-14 cores). Indications were elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and/or abnormal digital rectal examination (DRE).

Using a saturation biopsy scheme increases cancer detection during repeat biopsy in men with high-grade prostatic intra-epithelial neoplasia.

Objective: To determine the role of transrectal saturation biopsy for cancer detection in men with high-grade prostatic intra-epithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) diagnosed by extended biopsy. HGPIN was clearly associated with cancer risk in the sextant biopsy era, but this has not been clearly demonstrated in the extended biopsy era.

Materials And Methods: From 1999 to 2009, 314 men had at least 1 or more repeat biopsy due to the presence of exclusive HGPIN (without any other pathologic finding) in a previous extended biopsy.

Type of transrectal ultrasonography probe influences prostate cancer detection rates on repeat prostate biopsy.

Unlabelled: It is known that the end-fire probe detects more prostate cancer on initial prostate biopsy, but there is no literature looking at the influence of type of probe on repeat biopsy. Given that the literature on the influence of ultrasonography probe on repeat prostate biopsy is non-existent, the present study adds information which may help urologists improve their chances of detecting prostate cancer on prostate biopsy. Determining which type of probe to use on a prostate biopsy is a simple external factor that may help improve patient management.