Effect of Eradication on Serum Level of Valproic Acid in Children with Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy.

Background/objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of eradication on the serum level of the orally administered valproic acid (VPA) in children with idiopathic generalized epilepsy; Methods: This prospective cohort observational study included 100 children with idiopathic generalized epilepsy, recruited from a neurology clinic from May 2021 to December 2021. The patients were divided into two groups, each containing 50 children. The first group had a positive stool antigen and -related symptoms, while the second group had a negative antigen.

Incidence of Low Seroimmunity to Hepatitis B Virus in Children with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Single Center Experience.

Purpose: Immunosuppressive therapy is frequently administered to patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which may make them more susceptible to infections like hepatitis B.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on patients aged 5-18 years diagnosed with IBD who visited a gastroenterology clinic along with controls who were the same age as the patients with IBD and were healthy overall. A logistic regression analysis using the independent variables of age, sex, race, disease phenotype, surgery, and medications and the dependent variable of adequate hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) titers (>10 mIU/mL) was performed on quantitative serum HBsAb titers.

Combined gray scale ultrasonography and doppler diagnostic tools with strain elastography in assessment of inflammatory bowel disease in pediatrics patients.

Background: Intestinal changes in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are frequently observed on ultrasound. Invasive diagnostic procedures are often employed to differentiate between the main types of IBD and detect complications. Ultrasound Strain Elastography (SE) is a promising non-invasive technique for detecting intestinal changes and assessing inflammatory activity in pediatric IBD.

Very-early-onset inflammatory bowel disease versus late-onset inflammatory bowel disease in relation to clinical phenotype: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic condition and children are affected by the disease's burden and therapeutic interventions for much longer than adults. Children of various ages can be diagnosed with IBD.

Methods: The research was carried out at the Pediatric Gastroenterology Clinic at Cairo University's Faculty of Medicine's Children's Hospital.

Thoracoscopic-Assisted Esophageal Replacement with a Detached Reversed Gastric Tube Pedicled Graft: Technical Report and Preliminary Outcomes.

Background: Reflux is one of the most common late complications after gastric tube esophageal replacement in children. Herein, we report a novel approach for safely and selectively replacing the caustic strictured thoracic esophagus with a detached reversed gastric tube (d-RGT) pedicled graft with preservation of the cardia and implementation of thoracoscopy for optimizing the mediastinal pull-through process, and its outcomes.

Methods: All children who presented to our facility with an intractable postcorrosive thoracic esophageal stricture through 2020 and 2021 were enrolled in this study.

Risk factors for developing hyperoxaluria in children with Crohn's disease.

Background: For the purpose of a better understanding of enteric hyperoxaluria in Crohn's disease (CD) in children and adolescents, we investigated the occurrence and risk factors for development of hyperoxaluria in those patients.

Methods: Forty-five children with CD and another 45 controls were involved in this cross-sectional study. Urine samples were collected for measurement of spot urine calcium/creatinine (Ur Ca/Cr), oxalate/creatinine (Ur Ox/Cr), and citrate/creatinine (Ur Citr/Cr) ratios.

Magnetic resonance imaging in the management of Crohn's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: Crohn's disease (CD) is a condition that can occur in any part of the gastrointestinal tract, although usually forms in the colon and terminal ileum. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become a beneficial modality in the evaluation of small bowel activity. This study reports on a systematic review and meta-analysis of magnetic resonance enterography for the prediction of CD activity and evaluation of outcomes and possible complications.

Prevalence of Celiac Disease in Children and Adolescents With Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Introduction The association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) - particularly its two main subtypes, ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) - and celiac disease (CeD) has been attributed to an overlap in the mechanism of immune dysregulation that characterizes these conditions. Owing to the paucity of studies that have explored this condition in pediatric patients, we examined the prevalence of CeD in children with IBD. Materials and methods This is a cross-sectional study of children aged two to 18 years with IBD that were diagnosed between 2016 and 2018.

Factors affecting the outcome of endoscopic dilatation in refractory post-corrosive oesophageal stricture in Egyptian children: a single-centre study.

Background: An important complication of corrosive ingestion is oesophageal stricture. Improvements in endoscopes and accessories have supported an increase in the number of patients who are conservatively treated with endoscopic dilations. In this study, we aimed to detect factors affecting the outcome of endoscopic dilatation for refractory post-corrosive oesophageal stricture.

Histopathological changes in the oesophageal mucosa in Egyptian children with corrosive strictures: A single-centre vast experience.

Background: The caustic ingestion continues to be a major problem worldwide especially in developing countries. The long-term complications include stricture and increased life time risk of oesophageal carcinoma. Patients suffered from corrosive induced oesophageal strictures have more than a 1000-fold risk of developing carcinoma of the oesophagus.

Gastric antral vascular ectasia in portal hypertensive children: Endoscopic band ligation versus argon plasma coagulation.

Background/purpose: Gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE) can cause recurrent bleeding and chronic anemia in children with portal hypertension (PHT). We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of EBL in comparison to argon plasma coagulation (APC) in children with PHT, bleeding from GAVE.

Methods: This prospective comparative study included 40 children with PHT who presented with nonvariceal GIT bleeding from GAVE.

Stool antigen detection versus C-urea breath test for non-invasive diagnosis of pediatric infection in a limited resource setting.

Introduction: The prevalence of childhood infection with is high, especially in developing countries. Non-invasive methods for detection of infection in children should be inexpensive, easy to perform, well tolerated and have a high diagnostic accuracy. We aimed to compare the reliability, specificity and sensitivity of the stool antigen (HpSA) test with the C-urea breath test (C-UBT) for the diagnosis of infection in a limited resource setting.

Serum Zinc Level and Its Correlation with Vesikari System Scoring in Acute Pediatric Diarrhea.

Background: Diarrhea remains the most common infectious disease worldwide. Zinc has been studied extensively recently for its potential effect on prevention, control and treatment of acute diarrhoea.

Aim: This study was designed to correlate the level of zinc with the severity of pediatric diarrhoea estimated by Vesikari Scoring System.

Ketamine Sedation in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy in Children.

Background: Moderate sedation for gastrointestinal endoscopy has traditionally been provided by the endoscopist. Controversy has ensued over safe and efficient sedation practice as endoscopy has increased in numbers and complexity.

Aim: To evaluate the safety of ketamine sedation given by non-anesthesiologist during gastrointestinal endoscopy in children.

Foreign body ingestion in Egyptian children: a 10-year experience of endoscopic intervention in a tertiary hospital.

Background: There is paucity of data regarding foreign body (FB) ingestion among Middle-Eastern children. We conducted a retrospective analysis of FB ingestion among Egyptian children and determined the predictors that affect the occurrence of complications.

Methods: This retrospective study was carried out on 1546 patients aged 13 years or younger presenting with FB ingestion and in need of endoscopic FB removal.

Helicobacter pylori infection in children with portal hypertensive gastropathy.

Background: Data about the association of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and portal hypertensive gastropathy (PHG) are scarce in children. The present study aimed to fill the knowledge gap in this area.

Decreasing intra-dialytic morbid events and assessment of dry weight in children on chronic hemodialysis using non-invasive changes in hematocrit.

Achieving dry weight after hemodialysis (HD) is critical as chronic fluid over-load can result in left ventricular hypertrophy, while small fluid shifts may result in intra-dialytic morbid events (IME). In the pediatric population, estimating dry weight can be difficult due to growth while on dialysis. Continuous non-invasive monitoring of the hematocrit (NIVM) has been proposed as a more accurate method of estimating dry weight.

Does bloody aspirate reflect the state of upper gastrointestinal mucosa in a critically ill newborn?

Background And Study Aims: Critically ill newborns have many risk factors to develop stress related mucosal lesions (SRML). We used upper endoscopy to evaluate the presence of SRML in these neonates, to know the specificity and sensitivity of the bloody gastric aspirate to detect SRML and to identify the risk factors associated with the presence of SRML and bloody gastric aspirate.

Patients And Methods: This is a cross-sectional study done on 100 critically ill newborn after becoming clinically stable.

Measuring of gastric emptying in Egyptian pediatric patients with portal hypertension by using real-time ultrasound.

Background/aim: Among the various methods for evaluating gastric emptying, the real-time ultrasound is safe, does not require intubation, or rely on either radiologic or radionuclide technique. The aim of our work was to measure the gastric emptying in pediatric patients with portal hypertension by using the real-time ultrasound.

Patients And Methods: Forty patients with portal hypertension with mean age 7 ± 2.