Giant cavernous internal carotid aneurysm presenting with dizziness and bradycardia: A case report and a review of literature.

Giant cavernous carotid aneurysms are rare pathologic entities that are typically benign and are considered less life-threatening due to the low risk of rupture of bleeding. They present with clinical features usually due to localized mass effects on adjacent neural structures, mainly the III, IV, V, and VI cranial nerves. There are various treatment options, including occlusion of the feeding vessel, immediate surgery on the aneurysm, bypass procedures, and use of endovascular devices.

Multiple Migrated Superior Vena Cava Stents With Cardiac Injury - A Stepwise Open Cardiotomy Strategy to Mitigate Potential Fatality.

Iatrogenic injuries with migrated interventional stents can sometimes be life-threatening. The interventional retrieval management is generally the treatment of choice, as surgical procedures carry a high mortality risk with only a few cases reported. We report a patient with two stents migrated into the right atrium from superior vena cava resulting in cardiac perforation.

Acute Management of Iatrogenic Injury to Vertebral Artery With Central Venous Catheter in a Critically Ill Patient.

Vertebral artery (VA) injury during catheterization is quite rare given its anatomical position, but can be catastrophic when it is not discovered early on and managed accordingly. A multidisciplinary approach to the management of such injury has to weigh-in the benefits and risks of open surgery versus endovascular intervention. This can be done after thorough assessment of the patient's condition and accessibility of the injured vessel.

Epidural Corticosteroids, Lumbar Spinal Drainage, and Selective Hemodynamic Control for the Prevention of Spinal Cord Ischemia in Thoracoabdominal Endovascular Aortic Repair: A New Clinical Protocol.

Introduction: In patients undergoing thoracoabdominal aorta repair, spinal cord ischemia (SCI) remains one of the most common and important complications resulting in transient paraparesis through to permanent flaccid paraplegia. In this manuscript, after a brief introduction to spinal cord ischemia complication and its prevention in thoracoabdominal endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR), we propose a new clinical protocol potentially able to prevent such complication.

Methods: The proposed protocol suggests the use of high dosages of corticosteroids by epidural route, along with drainage of cerebrospinal fluid and controlled vascular hypertension, to reduce the incidence of SCI in TEVAR.

Solitary bone plasmacytoma: the unusual case of extra-cranial mini brain.

Solitary plasmacytoma is an uncommon tumor. We present a case in an unusually young patient demonstrating the mini brain sign that has been published in a couple of reports as a diagnostic radiological pattern produced by plasmacytoma. Identification of "mini brain appearance" on imaging can direct the radiologist and clinicians to the diagnosis of plasmacytoma and obviate the necessity of pre-operative biopsy.

Endovascular treatment of isolated bilateral internal iliac artery aneurysms with a branched endograft: a case report.

Isolated bilateral internal iliac artery (IIA) aneurysm is a rare and potentially lethal disease. Endovascular repair of this disorder is a matter of debate. A symptomatic 68-year-old male presented with severe pelvic pains.