Ridge dimensional changes and implant stability utilizing the osseodensification protocol: A randomized clinical trial.

Background: There is limited evidence on the effect of osseodensification drilling (OD) on alveolar ridge dimension changes and implant stability compared to standard drilling (SD). The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of both drilling protocols on ridge dimensional changes and implant stability.

Methods: Fifteen patients were recruited for a total of 20 pairs of implants.

Using precision periodontal health care chart (PPHCC) to improve periodontal health.

Objectives: Developing a Precision Periodontal Health Care Chart (PPHCC) in the electronic dental record (EDR) system and evaluating its clinical usability and effects on clinical outcomes.

Materials And Methods: A survey with ten questions based on the System Usability Scale (SUS) and six questions about assessing clinical impact was used to evaluate the satisfaction of periodontitis patients and care providers with PPHCC before and after non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). The clinical outcomes, including probing depth (PD), interdental clinical attachment loss (CAL), and bleeding on probing (BOP), in patients who used PPHCC (PC) were compared to those in patients without using PPHCC (control).

Clinical efficacy of soft-tissue augmentation on tissue preservation at immediate implant sites: A randomized controlled trial.

Aim: This randomized controlled trial aimed to investigate the efficacy of soft-tissue augmentation (STA) with a subepithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG) or an acellular dermal matrix (ADM) on reducing tissue alterations at an immediate implant site.

Materials And Methods: This trial had three groups: (i) immediate implant with SCTG (ICT group); (ii) immediate implant with ADM (IAD group); (iii) immediate implant without STA (control group). Forty-six patients were randomly assigned to each group.

Flowcharts improve periodontal diagnosis by dental and dental hygiene students.

Background: In 2017, the American Academy of Periodontology and the European Federation of Periodontology updated the classification of periodontal and peri-implant diseases and conditions. The goal of the present crossover study was to develop straightforward, illustrative flowcharts and determine their impact on the accuracy and speed of diagnosing periodontal conditions by predoctoral dental students (DS) and dental hygiene students (DHS).

Methods: Two flowcharts (a decision-tree flowchart and one based on the periodontal disease/condition entity) were developed using updated diagnostic determinants proposed by the 2017 classification.

Altered human alveolar bone gene expression in type 2 diabetes-A cross-sectional study.

Objective: The objective of this cross-sectional study is to investigate alveolar bone gene expression in health and diabetes through ribonucleic acid (RNA) sequencing and bioinformatics analysis.

Background: It is relatively unknown how type 2 diabetes modulates gene expression in alveolar bone in humans. Clinical concern regarding increased implant failure rate in patients with diabetes has been discussed in the literature.

Fixed Orthodontic Retainers Do Not Seem to Adversely Affect Periodontal Health.

Article Title And Bibliographic Information: The effects of fixed orthodontic retainers on periodontal health: A systematic review. Arn M, Dristas K, Pandis N, Kloukos D. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2020;157:156-64.

Distinct Profiles of Specialized Pro-resolving Lipid Mediators and Corresponding Receptor Gene Expression in Periodontal Inflammation.

Polyunsaturated fatty acid-derived specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs) play an important role in modulating inflammation. The aim of the study was to compare profiles of SPMs, SPM related lipid mediators and SPM receptor gene expression in gingiva of subjects with periodontitis to healthy controls. A total of 28 subjects were included; 13 periodontally healthy and 15 periodontitis before or after non-surgical periodontal therapy.

Persons With Thalassemia Major May Have Increased Risk of Gingival Inflammation.

Article Title And Bibliographic Information: Periodontal condition of patients with thalassemia major: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Akcalı A, Yıldız MS, Akcalı Z, Huck O, Friedmann A. Arch Oral Biol 2019;102:113-21.

A comparison study: Periodontal practice approach of dentists and dental hygienists.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate periodontal practice methods of dentists and dental hygienists to compare their knowledge and treatment approach in managing periodontal disease.

Methods: An electronic survey was designed to assess and capture three aspects of data: (a) knowledge of periodontics; (b) practice approaches in non-surgical periodontal therapy; and (c) factors affecting clinical care. The survey was distributed to dentists and dental hygienists who graduated from the same dental school within 5 years (2012-2016).

The aging population: demographics and the biology of aging.

Epidemiologic studies show that 11% of the world's population is over 60 years of age; this is projected to increase, by 2050, to 22% of the population. Oral aging is a current focus of several organizations including the Federation Dentaire Internationale, the World Health Organization and the American and Japanese Dental Associations. In their Tokyo Declaration, the Japanese Association identified the elderly population as one of its main target groups.

Oral Infections, Metabolic Inflammation, Genetics, and Cardiometabolic Diseases.

Although several epidemiologic studies reported plausible and potentially causal associations between oral infections and cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs), controversy still lingers. This might be due to unrecognized confounding from metabolic inflammation and genetics, both of which alter the immune responses of the host. Low-grade inflammation termed metainflammation is the hallmark of obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and CMDs.

IPLA2 mRNA expression by human neutrophils in type 2 diabetes and chronic periodontitis.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide and complications of T2D cause significant systemic and dental morbidity in the susceptible individual. Although T2D has been linked as a significant risk factor for chronic periodontitis (CP), molecular mechanisms explaining the pathogenesis and inflammatory impact of CP in T2D are lacking. iPLA2 is the calcium-independent form of phospholipase A2.

Impaired phagocytosis in localized aggressive periodontitis: rescue by Resolvin E1.

Resolution of inflammation is an active temporally orchestrated process demonstrated by the biosynthesis of novel proresolving mediators. Dysregulation of resolution pathways may underlie prevalent human inflammatory diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and periodontitis. Localized Aggressive Periodontitis (LAP) is an early onset, rapidly progressing form of inflammatory periodontal disease.

Diabetes-induced oxidative stress is mediated by Ca2+-independent phospholipase A2 in neutrophils.

Neutrophils from people with poorly controlled diabetes present a primed phenotype and secrete excessive superoxide. Phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2))-derived arachidonic acid (AA) activates the assembly of NADPH oxidase to generate superoxide anion. There is a gap in the current literature regarding which PLA(2) isoform regulates NADPH oxidase activation.

PDK1 regulates chemotaxis in human neutrophils.

Phosphoinositide-dependent kinase (PDK1) plays a central role in signal transduction mediated by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3K) and regulates cellular functions in neutrophils. Neutrophils from individuals diagnosed with localized aggressive periodontitis (LAP) present an in vivo phenotype with depressed chemotaxis. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that PDK1 regulates chemotaxis in neutrophils and is responsible for the abnormal neutrophil chemotaxis LAP.

Novel regenerative strategies to enhance periodontal therapy outcome.

Background: Chronic periodontitis is a widely prevalent inflammatory condition of the supporting tissues of the teeth and is characterized by loss of teeth with an associated risk of systemic complications. Regenerative therapies such as guided tissue and bone regeneration form an important armamentarium in periodontics with a high degree of outcome predictability in certain ideal clinical scenarios.

Objective/methods: This review elaborates novel tissue regenerative treatment modalities based on sound understanding of developmental biology, tissue engineering, inflammation and wound healing.

Priming of neutrophil oxidative burst in diabetes requires preassembly of the NADPH oxidase.

Hyperglycemia associated with diabetes mellitus results in the priming of neutrophils leading to oxidative stress that is, in part, responsible for diabetic complications. p47phox, a NADPH oxidase cytosolic subunit, is a key protein in the assembly of the NADPH oxidase leading to superoxide generation. Little is known about the priming mechanism of oxidative pathways in neutrophils of people with diabetes.