A Systematic Review of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Consumption and Cognitive Outcomes in Neurodevelopment.

Introduction: This systematic review addresses the effects of -3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids consumption on human neurodevelopment. It evaluates articles published between 2000 and 2022 investigating the cognitive outcomes during the period of neurodevelopment: from fetal development to adolescence. For the purpose of this review the terms LC PUFA and omega-3 fatty acid will be used interchangeably.

A Systematic Review of Omega-3 Consumption and Neuroprotective Cognitive Outcomes.

Context: While a great deal of interest has been accorded to the cognitive effects of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC PUFAs), there is a need for systematic review data that assess this outcome across the lifespan, accounting for population differences and highlighting methodological limitations of extant studies.

Objective: This systematic review addresses the effects of n-3s on human cognition and provides an overview on the current state of research and recommendations for future efforts.

Data Sources: Based on a thorough review of highly powered articles from PubMed (MEDLINE), Web of Science, and ProQuest Central, the authors evaluated articles published between 2000 and 2020 assessing LC PUFA status on cognition as a primary outcome measure.

Retinal Venular Tortuosity Jointly with Retinal Amyloid Burden Correlates with Verbal Memory Loss: A Pilot Study.

Introduction: Retinal imaging is a non-invasive tool to study both retinal vasculature and neurodegeneration. In this exploratory retinal curcumin-fluorescence imaging (RFI) study, we sought to determine whether retinal vascular features combined with retinal amyloid burden correlate with the neurocognitive status.

Methods: We used quantitative RFI in a cohort of patients with cognitive impairment to automatically compute retinal amyloid burden.

Gut dysbiosis, insulin resistance and Alzheimer's disease: review of a novel approach to neurodegeneration.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) share many common features including inflammation, oxidative stress and neuronal degeneration. Insulin resistance (IR) appears to be a common path in these pathological processes. IR is an early pathogenic event in AD, which leads to augmentation of hyperphosphorylated tau and Amyloid beta (Aβ).

Alzheimer Disease and Cancer: A National Inpatient Sample Analysis.

Introduction: Studies have demonstrated an inverse relationship between Alzheimer dementia (AD) and cancer. This inverse relationship was further explored. In addition, Pin1 expression has been implicated in the cell cycle regulation of both disease processes.

Preventing Alzheimer's: Our Most Urgent Health Care Priority.

Dementia is the fastest growing epidemic in the developed nations, and if not curtailed, it will single handedly collapse our health care system. The prevalence of dementia is 1 in 10 individuals older than 65 years and increases to 50% of all individuals older than 85 years. The prevalence of Alzheimer's dementia (AD), the most common form of dementia, has been increasing rapidly and is projected to reach 16 million individuals by the year 2050.

Strong Association Between Migraine and Transient Global Amnesia: A National Inpatient Sample Analysis.

The purpose of this article was to explore sex- and race-specific variables and comorbidities associated with transient global amnesia (TGA) using a nationally representative database. Data were obtained from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample using ICD-9 and procedure codes. Descriptive and survey logistic regression analyses were conducted and adjusted for influence of comorbidities, demographic characteristics, and hospitalization-related factors.

Insulin resistance and cognitive test performance in elderly adults: National health and nutrition examination survey (NHANES).

Objectives: To examine the relationship between homeostatic model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and cognitive test performance among population≥60years in a national database.

Hypothesis: Higher insulin resistance is associated with lower cognitive test performance score in the population≥60years.

Participants: We analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2000 and 2001-2002.

Time Trends and Characteristics of Prevalent Dementia among Patients Hospitalized for Stroke in the United States.

Background: Little is known about how prevalent dementia rates among patients with stroke have evolved over the last decade or how this relationship varies by gender, race ethnicity, stroke type, or dementia type. We assessed time trends and demographic predictors of coexisting dementia in a large cohort of patients hospitalized for stroke.

Materials And Methods: Patient admission data between 1999 and 2012 were sourced from the National Inpatient Sample.

Trajectories in Leisure-Time Physical Activity and Risk of Stroke in Women in the California Teachers Study.

Background And Purpose: Whether changes in leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) over time are associated with lower risk of stroke is not well established. We examined the association between changes in self-reported LTPA 10 years apart, with risk of incident stroke in the CTS (California Teachers Study). We hypothesized that the risk of stroke would be lowest among those who remained active.

Micronutrients and Risk of Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. Although the precise pathogenetic mechanisms of PD remain undetermined, there appears to be both genetic and environmental factors that contribute to the risk of developing PD. With regard to environmental risk factors, there has been significant interest related to the role of diet, nutrition, and nutrients on the onset and progression of PD.

Ischemic Stroke Risk After Acute Coronary Syndrome.

Background: Prior studies show an increased risk of ischemic stroke (IS) after myocardial infarction; however, there is limited evidence on long-term risk and whether it is directly related to cardiac injury. We hypothesized that the risk of IS after acute coronary syndrome is significantly higher if there is evidence of cardiac injury, such as ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) or non-STEMI, than when there is no evidence of cardiac injury, such as in unstable angina.

Methods And Results: Administrative claims data were obtained from all emergency department encounters and hospitalizations at California's nonfederal acute care hospitals between 2008 and 2011.

The Association Between Diabetes and Dementia Among Elderly Individuals: A Nationwide Inpatient Sample Analysis.

Background/aim: To date, few studies have cross-examined the relationship between diabetes mellitus (DM) and dementia nationally. There is also a lack of evidence regarding dementia subtypes and how this relationship changes among older individuals. The objective was to better delineate this relationship and influence of multiple comorbidities using a nationwide sample.

Use of Recombinant Factor VIIa in Symptomatic Intracerebral Hemorrhage Following Intravenous Thrombolysis.

Symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) occurs in up to 7% of stroke patients treated with thrombolytic therapy. There are limited data on the effectiveness of the reversal agents used for intravenous tissue plasminogen activator related intracranial bleeds. We report a patient with sICH following intravenous thrombolysis whose intracerebral hemorrhage continued to expand despite treatment with platelets and cryoprecipitate, needing recombinant factor VIIa use for stabilization before surgical evacuation.

The CHADS2 Components Are Associated with Stroke-Related In-hospital Mortality in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation.

Background: The CHADS2 score predicts stroke risk in patients with atrial fibrillation. Although strokes caused by atrial fibrillation carry the highest mortality when compared with other etiologies, it is not known whether the CHADS2 score predicts stroke-related mortality in patients with atrial fibrillation. We hypothesized that higher CHADS2 scores would be associated with higher stroke-related in-hospital mortality.

Dementia in the Oldest-Old: A Nationwide Inpatient Sample Database Analysis.

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore gender and race-specific mortality and comorbidities associated with dementia hospitalizations among the oldest-old.

Method: Using the 1999-2008 Nationwide Inpatient Sample, we identified the association between dementia mortality and hospital characteristics in the oldest-old population.

Results: The oldest-old population was mostly comprised of Whites (81.

Leisure-time physical activity and mortality in a multiethnic prospective cohort study: the Northern Manhattan Study.

Purpose: To examine whether the survival benefit of exercise is modified by obesity.

Methods: In the Northern Manhattan Study, we collected baseline sociodemographics and cardiovascular disease risk factors. The primary exposure was leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and the outcomes were total, vascular, and nonvascular deaths (non-VaD).

Advances in stroke prevention.

Stroke remains to be a leading cause of disability. However, optimal strategies can prevent up to 80% of strokes. A large body of evidence supports many strategies for primary and secondary prevention of stroke.

The Women's Health Care Empowerment Model as a Catalyst for Change in Developing Countries.

Women's empowerment has been attempted through a number of different fields including the realms of politics, finance, and education, yet none of these domains are as promising as health care. Here we review preliminary work in this domain and introduce a model for women's empowerment through involvement in health care, titled the "women's health care empowerment model." Principles upon which our model is built include: acknowledging the appropriate definition of empowerment within the cultural context, creating a women's network for communication, integrating local culture and tradition into training women, and increasing the capability of women to care for their children and other women.

Seizures and dementia in the elderly: Nationwide Inpatient Sample 1999-2008.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the association between incidence of admission for a primary diagnosis of "seizure" or "epilepsy" and dementia in a nationally representative database, the Nationwide Inpatient Sample, among the elderly population (55 years of age and above) and to determine whether this relationship is different in individuals with Alzheimer's dementia versus those with non-Alzheimer's dementia.

Methods: Data were obtained from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample using appropriate ICD-9 codes. Frequencies and descriptive analysis adjusting for influence of comorbidities and confounders were utilized.

Stroke, food groups, and dietary patterns: a systematic review.

Stroke is the fourth leading cause of mortality in the United States, yet it is 80% preventable by addressing lifestyle factors including nutrition. Evaluating the impact of nutrition at the food group and dietary pattern level will provide greater insight into the role of nutrition in stroke. For this purpose, a review of the literature was conducted using the PubMed, Web of Science, and CINAHL Plus online databases.

Spongiform change in dementia with Lewy bodies and Alzheimer disease.

Background: Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is characterized neuropathologically by brainstem and cortical Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites, neuronal loss in brainstem nuclei, and Alzheimer disease (AD) pathology. Previous studies have suggested that spongiform change in the entorhinal cortex may also be a pathologic feature; however, this change has not been well characterized.

Design/method: An autopsy series of 40 subjects with DLB and 40 subjects with AD were matched on age, sex, and last Mini Mental State Examination before death.