Machine Learning-based Prognostic Subgrouping of Glioblastoma: A Multi-center Study.

Background: Glioblastoma is the most aggressive adult primary brain cancer, characterized by significant heterogeneity, posing challenges for patient management, treatment planning, and clinical trial stratification.

Methods: We developed a highly reproducible, personalized prognostication and clinical subgrouping system using machine learning (ML) on routine clinical data, MRI, and molecular measures from 2,838 demographically diverse patients across 22 institutions and 3 continents. Patients were stratified into favorable, intermediate, and poor prognostic subgroups (I, II, III) using Kaplan-Meier analysis (Cox proportional model and hazard ratios [HR]).

Long-Term Outcomes of Surgery and Radiation Treatment for Adult Patients with Craniopharyngioma.

Objective: Treatment of craniopharyngioma typically entails gross total resection (GTR) or subtotal resection with adjuvant radiation (STR-RT). We analyzed outcomes in adults with craniopharyngioma undergoing GTR versus STR-RT.

Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 115 patients with craniopharyngioma in 5 institutions.

Concurrent chemoradiation and Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields, 200 kHz) for patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma: patterns of progression in a single institution pilot study.

Unlabelled: Current standard of care for glioblastoma (GBM) includes concurrent chemoradiation and maintenance temozolomide (TMZ) with Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields). Preclinical studies suggest TTFields and radiation treatment have synergistic effects. We conducted a pilot clinical trial of concurrent chemoradiation with TTFields and report pattern of progression.

Biodegradation of low density polyethylene (LDPE) by mesophilic fungus '' isolated from soils of plastic waste dump yard, Bhopal, India.

Low density Polyethylene (LDPE) in various forms has become a part of life. Its accretion due to non degradable nature is concern, endangering life on earth. Amongst various methods of LDPE disposal bioremediation is regarded as ecofriendly & widely accepted.

A phase 1/2 study of thiotepa-based immunochemotherapy in relapsed/refractory primary CNS lymphoma: the TIER trial.

Relapsed or refractory primary central nervous system lymphoma (rrPCNSL) confers a poor prognosis with no accepted standard of care. Very few prospective studies have been conducted in this patient group. This study was a multicenter phase 1/2 study that investigated thiotepa in combination with ifosfamide, etoposide, and rituximab (TIER) for the treatment of PCNSL relapsed or refractory to high-dose methotrexate-based chemotherapy.

A Pilot Trial Using Telemedicine in Radiation Oncology: The Future of Health Care Is Virtual.

Social determinants of health directly affect cancer survival. Driven by advances in technology and recent demands due to COVID-19, telemedicine has the ability to improve patient access to care, lower health care costs, and increase workflow efficiency. The role of telemedicine in radiation oncology is not established.

Target treatment with stereotactic radiation for recurrent gliomas.

High grade gliomas (HGG) have a propensity to recur locally and have poor outcomes. As such, safe and effective treatment is paramount. Target treatment with stereotactic radiation allows safe re-irradiation through minimizing normal brain tissue radiation due to its high precision.

A phase II study to assess the safety and efficacy of the dual mTORC1/2 inhibitor vistusertib in relapsed, refractory DLBCL.

Patients with relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) who are unfit for or relapsed postautologous stem-cell transplantation have poor outcomes. Historically, mTORC1 inhibitors have produced responses in approximately 30% of patients in this setting. mTORC1 inhibitor efficacy may be limited by resistance mechanisms including AKT activation by mTORC2.

Links between the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) recommended foods and disease management: A review in the light of modern superfoods.

Nutrition and other bioactive natural products present in specific foods within a balanced diet play an indispensable role in maintaining and promoting human health. Plants are rich sources of a balanced nutrition because of high content of bioactive products; hence, most of them recently have acquired the status of superfoods. It has been used since ancient times for the treatment of various ailments, and these traditional medicines still remain as one of the most affordable and easily accessible sources of treatment in the primary health-care system.

Purified Mushroom Tyrosinase Induced Melanogenic Protein Expression in B16F10 Melanocytes: A Quantitative Densitometric Analysis.

Background: Human skin exists in a wide range of different colors and gradations, ranging from white to brown to black. This is due to the presence of a chemically inert and stable pigment known as melanin, which is produced deep inside the skin but is displayed as a mosaic at the surface of the body.

Methods & Materials: In mammalian melanocytes, melanosome is a highly specialized organelle where melanin is synthesized.

Melanogenic effect of purified mushroom tyrosinase on B16F10 Melanocytes: A Phase Contrast and Immunofluorescence Microscopic Study.

Cutaneous melanin pigment plays a critical role in camouflage, mimicry, social communication, and protection against harmful effects of solar radiation. It has been proven that tyrosinase plays a pivotal role in melanocytes dendrite formation; however, the molecular mechanism underlying this process has not been fully elucidated. The morphological changes were observed under a phase contrast microscope.

Recent Updates in Melanocyte Function: The Use of Promising Bioactive Compounds for the Treatment of Hypopigmentary Disorders.

Background: Skin pigmentation is a broadly appearing phenomenon in nature which plays an important task of determining the appearance and biology of all vertebrates including human beings. Skin color is a crucial attribute, determined by the synthesis of melanin pigment within melanocytes by the process of melanogenesis and is regulated by many extrinsic as well as intrinsic factors. Tyrosinase catalyzes the key step of melanogenesis, dysfunction of tyrosinase leads to reduce melanin production which results in severe clinical and aesthetical problems of hypopigmentation.

Effect of Purified Mushroom Tyrosinase on Melanin Content and Melanogenic Protein Expression.

In mammalian melanocytes, melanosome is a highly specialized organelle where melanin is synthesized. Melanin synthesis is controlled by tyrosinase, the vital enzyme in melanogenic pathway. The present investigation is based on an effect of purified mushroom tyrosinase of on B16F10 melanocytes for the melanin production via blocking pigment cell machinery.

Purification and characterization of melanogenic enzyme tyrosinase from button mushroom.

Melanogenesis is a biosynthetic pathway for the formation of the pigment melanin in human skin. A key enzyme, tyrosinase, catalyzes the first and only rate-limiting steps in melanogenesis. Since the discovery of its melanogenic properties, tyrosinase has been in prime focus and microbial sources of the enzyme are sought.

Microbial tyrosinases: promising enzymes for pharmaceutical, food bioprocessing, and environmental industry.

Tyrosinase is a natural enzyme and is often purified to only a low degree and it is involved in a variety of functions which mainly catalyse the o-hydroxylation of monophenols into their corresponding o-diphenols and the oxidation of o-diphenols to o-quinones using molecular oxygen, which then polymerizes to form brown or black pigments. The synthesis of o-diphenols is a potentially valuable catalytic ability and thus tyrosinase has attracted a lot of attention with respect to industrial applications. In environmental technology it is used for the detoxification of phenol-containing wastewaters and contaminated soils, as biosensors for phenol monitoring, and for the production of L-DOPA in pharmaceutical industries, and is also used in cosmetic and food industries as important catalytic enzyme.

5-HT receptor subtypes as key targets in mediating pigment dispersion within melanophores of teleost, Oreochromis mossambicus.

The presence of distinct class of 5-HT receptors in the melanophores of tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) is reported. The cellular responses to 5-HT (5-hydroxytryptamine), 5-HT(1), and 5-HT(2), agonists on isolated scale melanophores were observed with regard to pigment translocation within the cells. It was found that 5-HT exerted rapid and strong concentration dependent pigment granule dispersion within the melanophores.

On the role of histamine receptors in regulating pigmentary responses in Oreochromis mossambicus melanophores.

Purpose: The present work was carried out to reveal the involvement of histamine receptors at the neuro-melanophore junction of teleost, Oreochromis mossambicus.

Methods: The isolated scale melanophores were assayed using the mean melanophore size index and their responses were recorded in presence of various concentrations of histamine along with H(1) and H(2) receptor specific agonists and antagonist and potentiator compound 48/80.

Results: Melanophores showed high sensitivity to histamine and its specific agonists.

Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in patients undergoing cardiac rhythm device removal.

Cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) leads can cause central venous stenosis (CVS). In addition, these devices can get infected. Both are critically important considerations in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) for at least two reasons: (i) central veins serve as the final pathway should these patients need an arteriovenous access to provide dialysis therapy; and (ii) the presence of renal failure increases the risk of CIED infection.

5-HT receptors as novel targets for optimizing pigmentary responses in dorsal skin melanophores of frog, Hoplobatrachus tigerinus.

Background And Purpose: Biochemical identification of 5-HT has revealed similar projection patterns across vertebrates. In CNS, 5-HT regulates major physiological functions but its peripheral functions are still emerging. The pharmacology of 5-HT is mediated by a diverse range of receptors that trigger different responses.

In vitro responses of fish melanophores to lyophilized extracts of Psoralea corylifolia seeds and pure psoralen.

Context: Psoralens are naturally occurring furanocumarins used in photochemotherapy of several skin diseases. They are obtained from dried ripe fruits of Psoralea corylifolia Linn. (Fabaceae).

Insights into the physiomodulatory role of histaminergic receptors in vertebrate skin pigmentation.

All organisms, from simple invertebrates to complex human beings, exist in different colors and patterns, which arise from unique distribution of pigments throughout the body. Being the largest organ of the body, skin is always under the influence of internal and external factors that often react to certain intrinsic agents in an unorthodox manner, modifying the integral pigmentation patterns and resulting into complex physiological aberrancies. One of these intrinsic agents involved in numerous immunological and non-immunological processes within the body is histamine.