Racioethnic disparities in comorbidities and outcomes following head and neck oncologic surgery.

Objectives: Racial disparities persist despite attempts to establish an egalitarian framework for surgical care. This study aimed to investigate racioethnic disparities in comorbidities and outcomes following surgery for head and neck tumors.

Methods: This retrospective study included adult patients who underwent head and neck oncologic surgery between 2008 and 2020 from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program.

Second Primary Tumors After Primary Brain Tumors and Vice Versa: A Single-Center, Retrospective Study.

Background: Advancements in surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy have improved survival for brain tumor patients, increasing the risk of second primary tumors (SPTs) among long-term survivors. This study examines the types and risks of SPTs in brain tumor patients presenting at a tertiary care hospital.

Methods: This single-center, retrospective study explored occurrences of SPTs following primary brain tumors and occurrences of brain tumors as SPTs following primary extra neural tumors.

Impact of Drain Placement on Postoperative Complications after Thyroidectomy for Substernal Goiter.

 Despite the evidence against drain placement after thyroidectomy, there is a lack of consensus on drain use in patients with substernal goiter.  To assess the factors that increase the likelihood of drain placement and its impact on postoperative hematoma and other 30-day complications among adult patients undergoing thyroidectomy for substernal goiter.  A retrospective cohort study that used data from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP).

COVID-19 pandemic impacted internet use and anxiety among general public during COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan.

Objective: To determine the association between internet use and anxiety among people during the coronavirus disease- 2019 pandemic.

Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted across Pakistan from January 14 to February 21, 2021, which was the active phase of the coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic in Pakistan. The participants were aged at least 13 years having internet access regardless of gender or their location across Pakistan.

Potassium Channel Subfamily T Member 1(KCNT1) Pathological Variant Causing Epilepsy Of Infancy With Migrating Focal Seizures: A Case Report.

Pathological mutation of potassium channel subfamily T member 1 (KCNT1) gene causes an autosomal dominant disorder characterised by secondarily generalised seizures/migratory focal seizure, cyanosis, and dysmorphic features. We report the case of a five-month old male with pathological KCNT1 variant who presented with focal clonic seizures, Mongol spots, and grade two systolic murmur at the left lower sternal border and loud P2. The seizures were refractory to most anti-epileptic drugs but showed some response to Valproic acid.

Surveillance of aetiologies, clinical presentation, and most common types of epilepsy among paediatric patients at a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan.

Epilepsy is the third most common neurological disease in the world associated with a high frequency in the paediatric age group. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence, types and aetiologies of epilepsy within the Pakistani population. A retrospective review of the charts of all patients, below the age of 18 years, presenting with epilepsy to the Department of Neurology at The Children's Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Lahore, from January 2016 to December 2020, was carried out.

Hepatitis-associated aplastic anaemia: surveillance of frequency,clinico-haematological features, and demographic distribution at a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan.

Objective: We aim to document the frequency of HAAA cases among AA patients presenting at a tertiary care hospital, and to determine the most common agents (viral/drug induced) and Clinico-haematological features among HAAA patients at a tertiary care hospital.

Methods: This study was a retrospective review, conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan.

Results: A total of 21 patients were included in the study.

Demographic and Psychosocial Factors associated with Internet Addiction among the Pakistani Population during COVID-19: A Web-Based Survey.

This study aims to determine the burden of COVID19-induced internet addiction and related psychosocial factors among the Pakistani sample. A web-based cross-sectional survey was conducted from January to March 2021. An analytical cross-sectional survey was broadcast on the internet via a Google form completed by 1145 Pakistanis.

Perioperative registries in resource-limited settings: The way forward for Pakistan.

Capable of improving surgical quality, perioperative registries can allow performance benchmarking, reliable reporting and the development of risk-prediction models. Well established in high-income countries, perioperative registries remain limited in lower- and middle-income countries due to several challenges. First, ensuring comprehensive data entry forums to power the registries is difficult because of limited electronic medical records requiring sustained efforts to develop and integrate these into practice.

Disparities in access to quality surgical care for women in resource-constrained settings: Bottlenecks and the way forward.

Women seeking surgical care are burdened with gender disparities, particularly in resource-limited settings. Such disparities can lead to women often presenting late with advanced disease and poor prognoses. The current narrative review was planned to find evidence for gender disparities, their implications, challenges faced by women seeking surgical care, and strategies to address them.