Plasmapheresis as an Early Treatment for Severe Hypertriglyceridemia, Acute Pancreatitis, and Diabetic Ketoacidosis.

Objective: Severe hypertriglyceridemia (SHTG; plasma triglycerides >1000 mg/dL) is a rare but serious complication in children who develop diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) from uncontrolled or new-onset type 1 diabetes.

Methods: We present the case of a severely malnourished 16-year-old with a 10-month history of presumed type 2 diabetes managed with lifestyle modifications and metformin, who presented with SHTG, acute pancreatitis, and DKA. On examination, there was no evidence of lipemia retinalis, cutaneous xanthomas, or xanthelasma.

Effect of Gut Microbiota and PNPLA3 rs738409 Variant on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) in Obese Youth.

Context: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of liver disease, affecting approximately 3 in 10 obese children worldwide.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the potential relationship between gut microbiota and NAFLD in obese youth, while considering the role of PNPLA3 rs738409, a strong genetic contributor to NAFLD.

Design: In this cross-sectional study, participants completed an abdominal magnetic resonance imaging to measure hepatic fat fraction (HFF), oral glucose tolerance test, and PNPLA3 rs738409 genotyping.