Shifting Rhythms: A Systematic Review Exploring the Multifaceted Effects of Shift Work and Circadian Disruption on Employee Cardiovascular Health.

Shift work has long been studied as a contributing risk factor for cardiovascular disease. This study aims to provide a comprehensive summary of data regarding shiftwork and its impact on the cardiovascular system from the last decade. It explores the association of shift schedules with multiple aspects of cardiovascular disease and the physiological processes that lead up to it.

Systematic Review of the roles of Inositol and Vitamin D in improving fertility among patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine and metabolic disorder among reproductive-age women. As a leading cause of anovulatory infertility, it complicates fertility treatments, including in vitro fertilization. The widely accepted 2003 Rotterdam diagnostic criteria for PCOS include sub-phenotypes based on variations in androgen excess, ovulatory dysfunction, and polycystic ovarian morphology.

Safety and Efficacy of Biologic Therapies (Ustekinumab and Vedolizumab) in the Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): A Systematic Review.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic disorders, including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), that contribute to inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, manifesting as bloody diarrhea, fecal urgency, bloating, cramping, and weight loss. IBD manifests as an exacerbation of these symptoms, which medications with high side effect profiles can manage; consequently, many novel therapies, including biologics such as ustekinumab and vedolizumab, have been developed over the years. This systematic review aims to assess the safety and efficacy of ustekinumab and vedolizumab in treating inflammatory bowel disease based on a comprehensive analysis of relevant studies.

Single-Layer or Double-Layer Intestinal Anastomosis: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Several malignant and benign indications may necessitate bowel resection. Despite the emergence of newer techniques, the hand-sewn technique remains popular for the reestablishment of intestinal continuity after resection. This method can achieve anastomosis in one or two layers.

PCSK-9 Inhibitors and Cardiovascular Outcomes: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis.

Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors have been approved to treat dyslipidaemia. However, there is a lack of knowledge on the most efficient PCSK9 therapies that target PCSK9 for secondary prevention in subjects at high risk for cardiovascular (CV) events. Thus, this study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of anti-PCSK9 antibodies in randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Enhancement of paediatric oncology pharmacy practices in a low-middle-income country through teaching and training using the My Child Matters Grant.

The development of a successful oncology pharmacy system includes competency training, cost-efficient procurement, proper storage, preparation and administration of chemotherapy, and appropriate waste disposal. Low-middle-income countries such as Pakistan face several challenges within the realm of oncology pharmacy such as the unavailability of training programmes, resources and financial support, and inconsistencies in the safe handling of cytotoxic drugs. The Indus Hospital and Health Network (IHHN) is among the pioneers of oncology pharmacy practices in Pakistan, with a well-established Oncology Pharmacy Team and chemotherapy preparation in accordance with the United States Pharmacopeia 797 and 800 safety guidelines.

Tuning the optoelectronic properties of superalkali doped phosphorene.

In this study, the nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of pristine phosphorene and superalkali (LiO) doped phosphorene are estimated through the density functional theory (DFT) method to investigate the optical properties. The geometries of complexes have been optimized using the B3LYP/6-31G (d, p) level of theory. The effects of doping on phosphorene have been thoroughly explained by vertical ionization energy (VIE), interaction energies (E), and natural bond orbitals (NBO), Moreover, the density of states (DOS), electron density difference map (EDDM) analysis, the frontier molecular orbitals (FMO) plots are also given out to find more physical divination into the electronic communication and structure property relationship.

Prevalence and Predictors of the Burnout Syndrome in Medical Students of Karachi, Pakistan.

Objectives Burnout is a psychophysiological syndrome, consisting of a triad of emotional and physical exhaustion, exhibition of impersonal attitude and loss of a sense of achievement for oneself. This study aimed to pinpoint its risk factors, measure its current prevalence in medical students of Karachi, Pakistan and accentuate the areas of focus to benefit the primary care-oriented community as a whole. Methods This cross-sectional study included responses from 600 medical students in Karachi (third to final year).

Prevalence of Rheumatic Diseases in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Karachi.

Background: Rheumatic diseases are referred to as conditions affecting joints, muscles, ligaments, tendons, and bones. According to a report by World Health Organization, rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases were labeled as the second most reported cause of disability around the globe. The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of rheumatic diseases in a tertiary care hospital of Karachi; additionally, associations with age groups, gender and comorbidities were obtained as well.

Predictors of post-traumatic stress disorder among burn patients in Pakistan: The role of reconstructive surgery in post-burn psychosocial adjustment.

Background: Burns are a common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is among the most prevalent psychopathologies documented among burn patients. However, little is known regarding the risk factors for post-burn PTSD outside the well-documented Western world context.

Efficacy of photodynamic therapy versus antibiotics as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in the treatment of periodontitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: To determine whether treatment with antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) yield better clinical periodontal outcomes than antibiotics (AB) as adjunct to SRP in periodontitis.

Methods: Electronic searches were conducted in databases (MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, SCOPUS, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Cochrane Oral Health Group Trials Register databases) up to and including April 2017.

Results: Five randomized trials were included.

Complications in implant dentistry.

After tooth loss, an individual may seek tooth replacement so that his/her function and esthetics could be restored. Clinical prosthodontics, during the past decade, has significantly improved and developed according to the advancements in the science and patient's demands and needs. Conventional options in prosthodontics for substituting a missing single tooth include the removable partial denture, partial and full coverage bridgework, and resin-bonded bridgework.

Measuring the well-being of health care professionals in the Punjab: a psychometric evaluation of the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale in a Pakistani population.

Background. There is growing awareness of the public health importance of mental well-being both in the general population and in specific groups. The well-being of health professionals is likely to influence the quality of the care they deliver.

TRENDS IN COMPLETE DENTURE IMPRESSIONS IN PAKISTAN.

Background: Multiple materials and techniques have been reported for complete denture impressions in literature. The aim of the study was to assess the trends in complete denture impression materials and techniques among general dental practitioners (GDP) and specialists (SP) in Pakistan.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, self-designed-structured questionnaires were distributed among 500 dentists in Pakistan.

Morbidity from episiotomy.

Objective: To assess the morbidity from episiotomy.

Methods: The prospective randomised control study was conducted at the Military Hospital Rawalpindi's Gynaecology & Obstetrics Department from January 2006 to April 2008. It comprised 100 patients who were given a mediolateral episiotomy at the crowning of the foetal head (group 1).

Evaluating trial of scar in patients with a history of caesarean section.

Aims: To analyze the outcome of trial of scar in patients with previous caesarean section and to assess the fetal and maternal complications after trial of scar.

Patients And Methods: The study was conducted at Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, with 375 pregnant patients who had a previous delivery by caesarean and who had regular antenatal checkup. Data were recorded on special pro-forms designed for the purpose.