Review of advances in glycan analysis on exosomes, cancer cells, and circulating cancer-derived glycoproteins with an emphasis on electrochemistry.

Glycosylation, the intricate process of adding carbohydrate motifs to proteins, lipids, and exosomes on the cell surface, is crucial for both physiological and pathological mechanisms. Alterations in glycans significantly affect cancer cell metastasis by mediating cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. The subtle changes in glycosylation during malignant transformations highlight the importance of analyzing cell and exosome surface glycosylation for prognostic and early treatment strategies in cancer.

Sandwich-type electrochemical aptasensor based on hemin-graphite oxide as a signal label and rGO/MWCNTs/chitosan/carbon quantum dot modified electrode for sensitive detection of Acinetobacter baumannii bacteria.

Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) is a pathogenic bacterium that causes severe infections and its rapid and reliable diagnosis is essential for effective control and treatment. In this study, we present an electrochemical aptasensor based on a signal amplification strategy for the detection of A.

Development of a label-free impedimetric aptasensor for the detection of Acinetobacter baumannii bacteria.

Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) is responsible for various nosocomial infections, which is known as a clinically crucial opportunistic pathogen. Therefore, rapid detection of this pathogen is critical to prevent the spread of infection and appropriate treatment.

A signal-off aptasensor for the determination of Acinetobacter baumannii by using methylene blue as an electrochemical probe.

An electrochemical aptasensor has been developed to detect Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii). The proposed system was developed by modifying carbon screen-printed electrodes (CSPEs) with a synthesized MWCNT@FeO@SiO-Cl nanocomposite and then binding A.

A Miniaturized, Battery-Free, Wireless Wound Monitor That Predicts Wound Closure Rate Early.

Diabetic foot ulcers are chronic wounds that affect millions and increase the risk of amputation and mortality, highlighting the critical need for their early detection. Recent demonstrations of wearable sensors enable real-time wound assessment, but they rely on bulky electronics, making them difficult to interface with wounds. Herein, a miniaturized, wireless, battery-free wound monitor that measures lactate in real-time and seamlessly integrates with bandages for conformal attachment to the wound bed is introduced.

Development of core-shell magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer-based electrochemical sensor for sensitive and selective detection of ezetimibe.

A sensitive electrochemical molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) sensor was fabricated for detection of ezetimibe (Eze) as an effective cholesterol absorption inhibitor on the surface of a screen-printed carbon electrode based on a magnetic nanoparticle decorated with MIP (FeO@MIP). Placing the magnetic nanoparticle inside the MIP increases the biocompatibility, surface-to-volume ratio, and sensitivity of the sensor. Methacrylic acid (MAA) was used as a monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as a cross-linker, and Eze as a template.

Sandwich-Type Electrochemical Aptasensor for Highly Sensitive and Selective Detection of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Bacteria Using a Dual Signal Amplification Strategy.

An electrochemical aptasensor developed to realize the detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) bacteria based on a signal amplification strategy. The carbon screen-printed electrode (CSPE) surface was modified by MIL-101(Cr)/Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), which significantly increased the effective surface area of the electrode, thus resulting in further F23 aptamer immobilization at the surface of the modified electrode.

Dual rolling circle amplification-enabled ultrasensitive multiplex detection of exosome biomarkers using electrochemical aptasensors.

Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death. An effective diagnostic system that enables early cancer detection is required for timely diagnosis and better treatment outcomes. Here, we developed an ultrasensitive electrochemical aptasensor for the multiplex detection of exosome biomarkers based on the electrochemical signals of metal ions.

Pyrophosphate-Enhanced Oxidase Activity of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles for Colorimetric Detection of Nucleic Acids.

In recent years, cerium oxide (CeO) nanoparticles (NPs) have drawn significant attention owing to their intrinsic enzyme mimetic properties, which make them powerful tools for biomolecular detection. In this work, we evaluated the effect of pyrophosphate (PPi) on the oxidase activity of CeO NPs. The presence of PPi was found to enhance the oxidase activity of CeO NPs, with enhanced colorimetric signals.

Ultrasensitive and reusable electrochemical aptasensor for detection of tryptophan using of [Fe(bpy)](p-CHCHSO) as an electroactive indicator.

In this paper, we report the application of a reusable electrochemical aptasensor for detection of tryptophan by using [Fe(bpy)](p-CHCHSO) as an electroactive indicator and based on the target-compelled aptamer displacement. The aptasensor fabricated by self-assembling the thiolated probe on the surface of graphite screen-printed electrode modified with gold nanoparticles/multiwalled carbon nanotubes and chitosan nanocomposite (AuNPs/MWCNTs-Chit/SPE). Afterward, Trp aptamer (Apt) immobilized on the modified electrode surface through hybridization.

Development of a new paper based nano-biosensor using the co-catalytic effect of tyrosinase from banana peel tissue (Musa Cavendish) and functionalized silica nanoparticles for voltammetric determination of l-tyrosine.

In this paper, a new and facile method for the electrochemical determination of l-tyrosine was designed. First, 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane-functionalized silica nanoparticles were added to a paper disc. Then, the banana peel tissue and the mediator potassium hexacyanoferrate were dropped onto the paper, respectively.

Construction of a highly sensitive signal-on aptasensor based on gold nanoparticles/functionalized silica nanoparticles for selective detection of tryptophan.

In this work, a highly sensitive, low-cost, and label-free aptasensor based on signal-on mechanisms of response was developed by immobilizing the aptamer on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)/amine-functionalized silica nanoparticle (FSN)/screen-printed electrode (SPE) surface for highly selective electrochemical detection of tryptophan (Trp). The hemin (Hem), which interacted with the guanine bases of the aptamer, worked as a redox indicator to generate a readable electrochemical signal. The changes in the charge transfer resistance have been monitored using the voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopic (EIS) techniques.

Design an aptasensor based on structure-switching aptamer on dendritic gold nanostructures/FeO@SiO/DABCO modified screen printed electrode for highly selective detection of epirubicin.

The present work describes a label free electrochemical aptasensor for selective detection of epirubicin. In this project, 5'-thiole terminated aptamer was self-assembled on carbon screen printed electrode, which modified with electrodeposited gold nanoparticles on magnetic double-charged diazoniabicyclo [2.2.

Ultrasensitive electrochemical aptasensor based on sandwich architecture for selective label-free detection of colorectal cancer (CT26) cells.

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world and has no effective treatment. Therefore, development of new methods for early diagnosis is instantly required. Biological recognition probes such as synthetic receptor and aptamer is one of the candidate recognition layers to detect important biomolecules.

Label-free and sensitive aptasensor based on dendritic gold nanostructures on functionalized SBA-15 for determination of chloramphenicol.

A highly sensitive and low-cost electrochemical aptasensor was developed for the determination of chloramphenicol (CAP). The system was based on a CAP-binding aptamer, a molecular recognition element, and 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.

Interaction of sulfadiazine with DNA on a MWCNT modified glassy carbon electrode: determination of DNA.

The interactions of sulfadiazine (SD), an antimicrobial drug, with double-stranded calf thymus DNA on the multi-walled carbon nanotubes modified glassy carbon electrode (MWCNT-GCE) have been studied by cyclic voltammetry and UV-vis spectroscopy. In the presence of DNA, the oxidation peak current of SD decreases and the peak potential shifts to a positive potential which indicates the interaction of SD with DNA. The binding of SD with DNA shows both electrostatic and intercalative modes.