Chinese American Pain Experience Project (CAPE): Perceptions, Expectations, and Attitudes on Pain Management among Chinese American Postoperative Patients.

Introduction: Chinese Americans are one of the fastest growing racial and ethnic groups and represent the largest subgroup of the Asian American population in the US and in New York City (NYC) where they number 573,528 in 2021. Despite their numbers, current pain perceptions, expectations, and attitudes of Chinese Americans remains poorly understood, especially as related to postoperative pain.

Objective: A better understanding of pain experience among Chinese American patients is needed to inform strategies on improving pain management satisfaction.

Time to first remission and survival in patients with acromegaly: Evidence from the UK Acromegaly Register Study (UKAR).

Objective: This study aimed to understand the effect of time to remission of acromegaly on survival in people living with acromegaly.

Design, Patients And Measurement: This cross-sectional study used data from the UK Acromegaly Register. We considered remission of acromegaly growth hormone controlled at ≤2 μg/L following the diagnosis of acromegaly.

Biochemical and biological characterization of the venoms of and from Myanmar and neutralization effects of BPI cobra antivenom.

Snakebite is a neglected public health issue, with many scientific and medical issues to be solved. Cobras are among the most common venomous snakes in Myanmar and are responsible for a considerable number of severe snakebite envenoming. There are three species of cobra (, and ) in Myanmar.

Novel Benzotriazole-β-lactam Derivatives as Antimalarial Agents: Design, Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and Molecular Docking Studies.

Many people around the world suffer from malaria, especially in tropical or subtropical regions. While malaria medications have shown success in treating malaria, there is still a problem with resistance to these drugs. Herein, we designed and synthesized some structurally novel benzotriazole-β-lactams using 2-(1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-yl)acetic acid as a key intermediate.

Enhanced critical current density in optimized high-temperature superconducting bilayer thin films.

The superconducting and structural properties of bilayer thin films based on YBaCuO7-x / YBaCuO7-x+6%BaZrOheterstructures have been studied. In a broad range of magnetic field strengths and temperatures, the optimal bilayer film comprises 30% YBCO at the substrate interface and 70% YBCO+6%BZO on the top. The critical current density measured for the optimal bilayer structure is shown to outperform the corresponding single layer films up to almost 60%.

Defining optimal thickness for maximal self-fieldJcin YBCO/CeOmultilayers grown on buffered metal.

The effect of multilayering YBaCuO6+x(YBCO) thin films with sequentially deposited CeOlayers between YBCO layers grown on buffered metallic template is investigated to optimize the self-field critical current densityJc(0). We have obtained that the improvement inJc(0)clearly depends on the YBCO layer thickness and temperature, where at high temperatureJc(0)can be increased even 50% when compared with the single layer YBCO films. Based on our experimental results and theoretical approach to the growth mechanism during multilayer deposition, we have defined a critical thickness for the YBCO layer, where the maximal self-fieldJc(0)is strongly related to the competing issues between the uniform and nonuniform strain relaxation and the formation of dislocations and other defects during the film growth.

Prevalence of Secondhand Smoke and Its Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care at a Hospital in Yangon Region, Myanmar.

Smokers are not the only ones who suffer the effects of tobacco; those around them are also harmed, particularly vulnerable groups such as pregnant women. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of secondhand smoke (SHS) among pregnant women and the factors associated with SHS exposure. This study was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted at Central Women's Hospital in the Yangon Region in 2022.

The feasibility and acceptability of integrating hepatitis C and HIV diagnostic testing on centralized molecular laboratory platforms in Myanmar.

Background: In Myanmar, 1.3 million people have been exposed to hepatitis C (HCV). However, public sector access to viral load (VL) testing for HCV diagnosis remains limited; ten near-point-of-care (POC) devices are available nationally.

The Clinical Performance of the BioCode Respiratory Pathogen Panel for the Detection of Viruses and Bacteria from Nasopharyngeal Swabs.

Early detection of microbial pathogens causing respiratory tract infection plays a crucial role in clinical management. The BioCode Respiratory Pathogen Panel (BioCode RPP) utilizes reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) in combination with barcoded magnetic beads to amplify, detect, and identify respiratory pathogens. This panel qualitatively detects and identifies 14 viruses, including influenza virus A with H1 pdm09, H1, and H3 subtyping; influenza B; respiratory syncytial virus (RSV); human metapneumovirus; parainfluenza virus 1; parainfluenza virus 2; parainfluenza virus 3; parainfluenza virus 4; coronavirus (229E, NL63, OC43, and HKU1); adenovirus; and human rhinovirus/enterovirus, and 3 bacteria, including Chlamydia pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and Bordetella pertussis.

Whole-Genome Analysis of Influenza A(H3N2) and B/Victoria Viruses Detected in Myanmar during the COVID-19 Pandemic in 2021.

An influenza circulation was observed in Myanmar between October and November in 2021. Patients with symptoms of influenza-like illness were screened using rapid diagnostic test (RDT) kits, and 147/414 (35.5%) upper respiratory tract specimens presented positive results.

A rare presentation of after two decades: a case report from Brunei Darussalam.

is endemic to West Africa and is rare outside this region. Most of the people infected with 
 outside Africa are migrants from affected parts of Africa. We report a rare case of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) secondary to in a man in Brunei Darussalam who had lived and worked in Guinea, West Africa for 6 years more than 20 years ago.

Application of the Kvaal method with cone beam for the determination of a local formula for the age estimation of adult African melanoderma subject, Côte d'Ivoire.

Background: Age estimation by invasive dental methods is a destructive, costly and time-consuming approach, whereas, age estimation methods using dental radiographs are simple, non-destructive and provide reliable information. Age estimation by the Kvaal radiographic method has proven to be a reliable method, but possible ethnic variations may limit its uses in other populations. The objective of this study was to reproduce the original Kvaal method with CBCT for the estimation of the age of the adult melano-African subject in Côte d'Ivoire, in order to propose an age estimation formula, specific to our study population, by taking into account the measurements of tooth and pulp ratios.

Key factors associated with malaria infection among patients seeking care through the public sector in endemic townships of Ayeyarwady Region, Myanmar.

Background: Ayeyarwady Region in Myanmar has made significant progress towards malaria elimination, with cases decreasing from 12,312 in 2015 to 122 in 2019. As transmission declines, malaria becomes increasingly focalized both in geographic hotspots and among population groups sharing certain risk factors. Developing a thorough profile of high-risk activities associated with malaria infections is critical to ensure intervention approaches are evidence-based.

High prevalence of soil-transmitted helminth infections in Myanmar schoolchildren.

Background: Achieving the elimination of soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections requires a sufficient understanding of the current epidemiological status of STH endemicity. We aimed to examine the status of STH in Myanmar - a country with the eighth highest STH prevalence in the world, 10 years after instigation of the national deworming programme.

Methods: In August 2016 we screened for STH infections using Kato Katz (KK) microscopy and real-time PCR (qPCR) in schoolchildren from the Bago Region township of Phyu, a STH sentinel site in Myanmar.

Genetic risk for the polycystic ovary syndrome, bone mineral density and fractures in women and men: A UK Biobank Mendelian randomisation study.

Introduction: There is conflicting data on the effect of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) on bone mineral density (BMD) and fracture risk. Recent genetic data suggest that men may also carry genetic risk factors for PCOS; the associations of these factors with parameters of bone health remains unknown. We aimed to investigate if the genetic risk of PCOS is associated with BMD and fracture risk in women and men in the UK Biobank dataset.

Factors associated with the decline of malaria in Myanmar's Ayeyarwady Region between 2013 and 2017.

The burden of malaria in Myanmar has declined rapidly in recent years; cases decreased from 333,871 in 2013 to 85,019 in 2017 (75% decrease). Decline of malaria in the Ayeyarwady Region of Myanmar reflects this trend with an 86% decrease in cases over this period. In this exploratory analysis, quantitative and qualitative information were assessed to explore potential factors responsible for the decline of malaria in Ayeyarwady.

Operational experiences associated with the implementation of near point-of-care early infant diagnosis of HIV in Myanmar: a qualitative study.

Background: Timely diagnosis and early initiation of life-saving antiretroviral therapy are critical factors in preventing mortality among HIV-infected infants. However, resource-limited settings experience numerous challenges associated with centralised laboratory-based testing, including low rates of testing, complex sample referral pathways and unacceptably long turnaround times for results. Point-of-care (POC) HIV testing for HIV-exposed infants can enable same-day communication of results and early treatment initiation for HIV-infected infants.

Characterization of -harbouring sequence type 11 international high-risk clones isolated from clinical samples in Yangon General Hospital, a tertiary-care hospital in Myanmar.

Fifteen isolates harbouring genes were identified from blood and sputum specimens of patients at a tertiary-care facility (Yangon General Hospital, Yangon, Myanmar) in 2018. Two of the isolates belonged to sequence type (ST) 11, an international high-risk clone. Whole-genome sequencing and phylogenetic analyses revealed that these two isolates were clustered together with other ST11 isolates originating from other countries.

Regulation of circulating CTRP-2/CTRP-9 and GDF-8/GDF-15 by intralipids and insulin in healthy control and polycystic ovary syndrome women following chronic exercise training.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with obesity, diabetes, and insulin resistance. The circulating C1Q/TNF-related proteins (CTRP-2, CTRP-9) and growth differentiation factors (GDF-8, GDF-15) contribute to glucose and lipid homeostasis. The effects of intralipids and insulin infusion on CTRP-2, CTRP-9, GDF-8 and GDF-15 in PCOS and control subjects before and after chronic exercise training were examined.

Control of the nanosized defect network in superconducting thin films by target grain size.

A nanograined YBCO target, where a great number of grain boundaries, pores etc. exist, is shown to hold an alternative approach to future pulsed laser deposition based high-temperature superconductor thin film and coated conductor technologies. Although the nanograined material is introduced earlier, in this work, we comprehensively demonstrate the modified ablation process, together with unconventional nucleation and growth mechanisms that produces dramatically enhanced flux pinning properties.

Gastroduodenal Ulcerative Colitis in Association with Ulcerative Pancolitis.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease, traditionally regarded as being limited to the colorectum. Although several gastroduodenal lesions have been reported in cases of UC, in general, duodenal lesions in UC are believed to be uncommon and gastric lesions in UC are a rare presentation. In this report, we presented a 66-year-old lady with upper GI presentation with gastroduodenal ulcerative colitis accompanying pancolonic UC.

Epidemiological analysis of pneumococcal strains isolated at Yangon Children's Hospital in Myanmar via whole-genome sequencing-based methods.

causes over one million deaths from lower respiratory infections per annum worldwide. Although mortality is very high in Southeast Asian countries, molecular epidemiological information remains unavailable for some countries. In this study, we report, for the first time, the whole-genome sequences and genetic profiles of pneumococcal strains isolated in Myanmar.

Increased development of radiographic hip osteoarthritis in individuals with high bone mass: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Individuals with high bone mass (HBM) have a greater odds of prevalent radiographic hip osteoarthritis (OA), reflecting an association with bone-forming OA sub-phenotypes (e.g. osteophytosis, subchondral sclerosis).