Combined Rotating Ultra-High-Resolution Spectral Domain OCT and Scheimpflug Imaging for In Vivo Corneal Optical Biopsy.

Purpose: This article introduces the Pentacam Cornea OCT (optical coherence tomography). This advanced corneal imaging system combines rotating ultra-high-resolution spectral domain OCT with sub- 2-micron axial resolution and Scheimpflug photography. The purpose of this study is to present the first experience with the instrument and its potential for corneal diagnostics, including optical biopsy.

Keratoconus and Corneal Ectasia with Relatively Low Keratometry.

Introduction: The study aims to demonstrate and estimate the prevalence of clinical corneal ectasia and keratoconus (KC) in patients with relatively low keratometry (low-K KC).

Methods: In a retrospective, analytical, and non-interventionist study, one eye was randomly selected from 1054 patients from the original Tomographic Biomechanical Index (TBIv1) study and the external validation (from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and Milan, Italy clinics). Patients were stratified into three groups.

Multimodal diagnostics for keratoconus and ectatic corneal diseases: a paradigm shift.

Different diagnostic approaches for ectatic corneal diseases (ECD) include screening, diagnosis confirmation, classification of the ECD type, severity staging, prognostic evaluation, and clinical follow-up. The comprehensive assessment must start with a directed clinical history. However, multimodal imaging tools, including Placido-disk topography, Scheimpflug three-dimensional (3D) tomography, corneal biomechanical evaluations, and layered (or segmental) tomography with epithelial thickness by optical coherence tomography (OCT), or digital very high-frequency ultrasound (dVHF-US) serve as fundamental complementary exams for measuring different characteristics of the cornea.

Optimized Artificial Intelligence for Enhanced Ectasia Detection Using Scheimpflug-Based Corneal Tomography and Biomechanical Data.

Purpose: To optimize artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms to integrate Scheimpflug-based corneal tomography and biomechanics to enhance ectasia detection.

Design: Multicenter cross-sectional case-control retrospective study.

Methods: A total of 3886 unoperated eyes from 3412 patients had Pentacam and Corvis ST (Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH) examinations.

Corneal ectasia detection by epithelial pattern standard deviation from OCT.

Purpose: To test the ability of the corneal epithelial pattern standard deviation (PSD) to distinguish between normal and cases with corneal ectatic condition.

Setting: Instituto de Olhos Renato Ambrósio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Design: Cross-sectional retrospective study.

Corneal biomechanics for corneal ectasia: Update.

Knowledge of biomechanical principles has been applied in several clinical conditions, including correcting intraocular pressure measurements, planning and following corneal treatments, and even allowing an enhanced ectasia risk evaluation in refractive procedures. The investigation of corneal biomechanics in keratoconus (KC) and other ectatic diseases takes place in several steps, including screening ectasia susceptibility, the diagnostic confirmation and staging of the disease, and also clinical characterization. More recently, investigators have found that the integration of biomechanical and tomographic data through artificial intelligence algorithms helps to elucidate the etiology of KC and ectatic corneal diseases, which may open the door for individualized or personalized medical treatments in the near future.

New artificial intelligence index based on Scheimpflug corneal tomography to distinguish subclinical keratoconus from healthy corneas.

Purpose: To assess the efficiency of an index derived from multiple logistic regression analysis (MLRA) to measure differences in corneal tomography findings between subclinical keratoconus (KC) in 1 eye, corneal ectasia, and healthy corneas.

Setting: 2 private Brazilian ophthalmological centers.

Design: Multicenter case-control study.

Biomechanics in Keratoconus Diagnosis.

To prospectively review the importance of biomechanical assessment in the screening, diagnosis, prognosis, individualized planning, and clinical follow-up for ectatic corneal diseases. We demonstrate two commercially available devices to assess the corneal biomechanics , the Ocular Response Analyzer (ORA, Reichester, NY, USA) and the Corvis ST (Oculus, Wetzlar, Germany). Novel devices have been demonstrated to provide biomechanical measurements, including Brillouin optical microscopy and OCT elastography.

Corneal deformation amplitude analysis for keratoconus detection through compensation for intraocular pressure and integration with horizontal thickness profile.

Background: The Corvis ST provides measurements of intraocular pressure (IOP) and a biomechanically-corrected IOP (bIOP). IOP influences corneal deflection amplitude (DA), which may affect the diagnosis of keratoconus. Compensating for IOP in DA values may improve the detection of keratoconus.

Computational Models for Optimization of the Intrastromal Corneal Ring Choice in Patients With Keratoconus Using Corneal Tomography Data.

Purpose: To evaluate the predictability of asphericity and average keratometry in patients with keratoconus after implantation of intrastromal corneal ring segments (ICRS) using artificial intelligence.

Methods: This study included 209 eyes of 160 patients with keratoconus (grades I, II, and III) who had ICRS implanted. The 160 arc length Ferrara ICRS was implanted in all patients.

Tomographic Findings After Implantation of Ferrara Intrastromal Corneal Ring Segments in Keratoconus.

Purpose: To analyze and compare changes to the anterior and posterior corneal surfaces after Ferrara intracorneal ring segment (ICRS) (AJL, Boecillo, Spain) implantation and to correlate those changes with visual outcomes.

Methods: This retrospective case series study comprised consecutive patients with keratoconus implanted with the Ferrara ICRS. Computed tomography scans of the two corneal surfaces were obtained preoperatively and postoperatively with a rotating Scheimpflug imaging system.

Automatic weighing attribute to retrieve similar lung cancer nodules.

Background: Cancer is a disease characterized as an uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells that invades neighboring tissues and destroys them. Lung cancer is the primary cause of cancer-related deaths in the world, and it diagnosis is a complex task for specialists and it presents some big challenges as medical image interpretation process, pulmonary nodule detection and classification. In order to aid specialists in the early diagnosis of lung cancer, computer assistance must be integrated in the imaging interpretation and pulmonary nodule classification processes.

A model-Driven Approach to Customize the Vocabulary of Communication Boards: Towards More Humanization of Health Care.

Objective: This work presents a Modeling Language and its technological infrastructure to customize the vocabulary of Communication Boards (CB), which are important tools to provide more humanization of health care.

Method: Using a technological infrastructure based on Model-Driven Development (MDD) approach, our Modelin Language (ML) creates an abstraction layer between users (e.g.

Intrastromal corneal ring segments implantation in patients with keratoconus: 10-year follow-up.

Purpose: To evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of Ferrara intrastromal corneal ring segments (ICRS) (Ferrara Ring; AJL, Boecillo, Spain) in patients with keratoconus.

Methods: The chart records of 36 eyes of 30 patients with keratoconus implanted with ICRS, operated on between July 1996 and January 2002, were retrospectively reviewed. The following parameters were studied: uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), keratometry (K), and central corneal thickness.

Analysis of waveform-derived ORA parameters in early forms of keratoconus and normal corneas.

Purpose: To evaluate the Ocular Response Analyzer (ORA; Reichert Ophthalmic Instruments, Depew, NY) performance in differentiating grades I and II keratoconus from normal corneas using 41 parameters individually and to assess the effect of analyzing all parameters together.

Methods: This study compared the mean value of 41 ORA parameters in grades I and II keratoconus with healthy age-matched control eyes. Only eyes with a central corneal thickness between 500 and 600 μm were included.

Intrastromal corneal ring segment implantation to correct astigmatism after penetrating keratoplasty.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical outcomes of implantation of Ferrara intrastromal corneal ring segments (ICRS) in patients with astigmatism after penetrating keratoplasty (PKP).

Setting: Private clinic, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.

Design: Retrospective consecutive case series.