Retinal Oxygen Saturation in Patients with Primary Open-angle Glaucoma Using a Non-flash Hypespectral Camera.

Unlabelled: Purpose/Aim: To investigate retinal vessel blood oxygen saturation in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and healthy controls.

Materials And Methods: A novel non-flash hyperspectral retinal camera was used to image 17 healthy individuals (mean age 69.3 ± 6.

A rapid decline in corneal small fibers and occurrence of foot ulceration and Charcot foot.

We present clinical, neuropathy and corneal nerve morphology data in a participant with type 2 diabetes who developed diabetic foot ulceration, partial amputation and Charcot during a longitudinal observational study. While conventional measures of neuropathy did not deteriorate significantly, corneal nerve parameters showed a rapid reduction prior to the development of foot complications.

A case study of choroideremia carrier - Use of multi-spectral imaging in highlighting clinical features.

Purpose: To report the use of non-invasive multi-spectral imaging of a female choroideremia (CHM) carrier with mild visual symptoms and extensive fundus mottling.

Observation: This was an observational case report study. A symptomatic 42-year-old female with a history of binocular CHM presented for routine ocular examination and underwent review of her clinical and photographic records, optical coherence tomography (OCT), intravenous fluorescein angiography (IVFA) and multi-spectral imaging (MSI).

Assessment of total retinal blood flow using Doppler Fourier Domain Optical Coherence Tomography during systemic hypercapnia and hypocapnia.

The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in total retinal blood flow (RBF) using Doppler Fourier Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (Doppler FD-OCT) in response to the manipulation of systemic partial pressure of CO2 (PETCO2). Double circular Doppler blood flow scans were captured in nine healthy individuals (mean age ± standard deviation: 27.1 ± 4.

Longitudinal assessment of neuropathy in type 1 diabetes using novel ophthalmic markers (LANDMark): study design and baseline characteristics.

Aims: Corneal nerve morphology and corneal sensation threshold have recently been explored as potential surrogate markers for the evaluation of diabetic neuropathy. We present the baseline findings of the 'Longitudinal Assessment of Neuropathy in type 1 Diabetes using novel ophthalmic Markers'(LANDMark) study.

Methods: The LANDMark study is a 4-year, two-site, natural history study of three participant groups: type 1 diabetes with neuropathy (T1W), type 1 diabetes without neuropathy (T1WO) and control participants without diabetes or neuropathy.

A prototype hyperspectral system with a tunable laser source for retinal vessel imaging.

Purpose: To describe the technology and determine the within-session repeatability of manual retinal reflectance measurements of arterioles and venules using a prototype hyperspectral retinal camera.

Methods: Six healthy young volunteers (three males, average age 26 ± 4 years) had five repeated sets of retinal images captured between 500 and 600 nm at 5-nm intervals using a newly developed hyperspectral retinal camera. Optical densities were manually extracted for first-degree arterioles and venules and the repeatability of retinal reflectance was compared sequentially.

Cerebral oxygen saturation: graded response to carbon dioxide with isoxia and graded response to oxygen with isocapnia.

Background: Monitoring cerebral saturation is increasingly seen as an aid to management of patients in the operating room and in neurocritical care. How best to manipulate cerebral saturation is not fully known. We examined cerebral saturation with graded changes in carbon dioxide tension while isoxic and with graded changes in oxygen tension while isocapnic.

Optimal image sample size for corneal nerve morphometry.

Purpose: Arbitrary numbers of corneal confocal microscopy images have been used for analysis of corneal subbasal nerve parameters under the implicit assumption that these are a representative sample of the central corneal nerve plexus. The purpose of this study is to present a technique for quantifying the number of random central corneal images required to achieve an acceptable level of accuracy in the measurement of corneal nerve fiber length and branch density.

Methods: Every possible combination of 2 to 16 images (where 16 was deemed the true mean) of the central corneal subbasal nerve plexus, not overlapping by more than 20%, were assessed for nerve fiber length and branch density in 20 subjects with type 2 diabetes and varying degrees of functional nerve deficit.

Corneal markers of diabetic neuropathy.

Diabetic neuropathy is a significant clinical problem that currently has no effective therapy, and in advanced cases, leads to foot ulceration and lower limb amputation. The accurate detection, characterization and quantification of this condition are important in order to define at-risk patients, anticipate deterioration, monitor progression, and assess new therapies. This review evaluates novel corneal methods of assessing diabetic neuropathy.

Corneal sensitivity as an ophthalmic marker of diabetic neuropathy.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to explore the discriminative capacity of non-contact corneal esthesiometry (NCCE) when compared with the neuropathy disability score (NDS) score-a validated, standard method of diagnosing clinically significant diabetic neuropathy.

Methods: Eighty-one participants with type 2 diabetes, no history of ocular disease, trauma, or surgery and no history of systemic disease that may affect the cornea were enrolled. Participants were ineligible if there was history of neuropathy due to non-diabetic cause or current diabetic foot ulcer or infection.

Repeatability of measuring corneal subbasal nerve fiber length in individuals with type 2 diabetes.

Purpose: To analyze the repeatability of measuring nerve fiber length (NFL) from images of the human corneal subbasal nerve plexus using semiautomated software.

Methods: Images were captured from the corneas of 50 subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus who showed varying severity of neuropathy, using the Heidelberg Retina Tomograph 3 with Rostock Corneal Module. Semiautomated nerve analysis software was independently used by two observers to determine NFL from images of the subbasal nerve plexus.

Exploring retinal and functional markers of diabetic neuropathy.

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is one of the most debilitating complications of diabetes. DPN is a major cause of foot ulceration and lower limb amputation. Early diagnosis and management are key factors in reducing morbidity and mortality.