Anaplastic Ependymoma and Atypical Refractory Longitudinal Expansive Transverse Myelitis Due to Immune Reaction After COVID-19 - A Case Discussion That Raises Many Unknown Questions About Covid-19.

Inflammatory neurologic manifestations, both infectious and non-infectious, have been reported secondary to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19). However, the relationship of spinal tumor and COVID-19 longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) coexistence has never been reported in our knowledge. The clinical presentation and response to treatment of a 24-year-old female patient diagnosed with COVID-19 LETM and anaplastic ependymoma are described in this case report.

The Prognostic Impact of Tumor Microenvironment and Checkpoint Blockade-Associated Molecules (PD-1, PD-L1, CD163 and CD14) in Nodal Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma, NOS.

It is aimed to determine expression of programmed cell death-1 (PD-1), programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1), CD163 and CD14 in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL), and whether these markers may predict prognosis in DLBCL cases. A total of 52 nodal DLBCL, NOS cases with no known extranodal involvement at the time of diagnosis were evaluated. PD-1, PD-L1, CD163, and CD14 were studied by immunohistochemistry.

c-MET positivity and its relationship with histopathological findings in gastric carcinomas exhibiting HER2 gene expression.

Context: Co-expressions of receptor tyrosine kinases such as c-MET and HER2 were reported in many studies. The concomitant expression is associated with more aggressive clinical course.

Aims: In this study, it was intended to investigate the correlation of the positivity of c-MET and HER2 with histopathologic findings and their impacts on prognosis.

Relationship of Tumor-Associated Macrophage Population Detected by CD68 PG-M1, CD68 KP1, and CD163 with Latent EBV Infection and Prognosis in Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma.

Objective: To evaluate the quantity of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in cases of Hodgkin Lymphoma of classical type (cHL), and to reveal possible associations between TAM intensity and latent Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, overall survival, progression-free survival, prognostic indices, and clinicopathological parameters.

Materials And Methods: A total 46 cases of cHL with complete clinical records were selected and re-evaluated histopathologically. Staining for CD68 (PG-M1; KP1 clones) and CD163 was evaluated and the cut-off values were defined.

Sonic hedgehog, TBX18, and TSHZ3 proteins involved in pyeloureteral motility development are overexpressed in ureteropelvic junction obstruction. An immunohistochemical, histopathological, and clinical comparative study.

Objectives: To compare pathological samples obtained from cases that underwent surgery for ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction with samples obtained during autopsies of subjects. 

Methods: Retrospectively, 42 patients who had undergone surgery due to UPJ obstruction (group 1) were included in the study. Histopathological and immunohistochemical features for sonic hedgehog (SHH), TBX18, and TSHZ3 of UPJ were evaluated and findings were compared with 20 autopsy cases (group 2).

The Role of Endobronchial Biopsy in the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Sarcoidosis.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the additional diagnostic value of endobronchial biopsy (EBB) in the diagnosis of pulmonary sarcoidosis.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 59 patients with a preliminary diagnosis of sarcoidosis who were admitted to the Pulmonary Diseases Outpatient Clinic of a tertiary healthcare center between January 2005 and October 2012. The socio-demographic characteristics of the patients as well as clinical and radiological findings were recorded.

Predictive value of cyclooxygenase-2 over expression for identifying prostate cancer from benign prostatic hyperplasia in prostate biopsy specimens.

Background: We studied cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) immunohistochemical staining intensity both in prostatic biopsy and surgical samples of patients with prostate cancer to determine if it might provide prognostic information for the decision of re-biopsy indication.

Methods: Twenty-eight patients undergone radical prostatectomy whose final pathologic examination revealed prostatic adenocarcinoma were included in the study. Twelve patients with BPH in their pathological examination of both prostatic biopsy and open prostatectomy were considered as a control group.

[Sinonasal-type haemangiopericytoma: a case report].

Sinonasal-type hemangiopericytomas, which comprise less than 0.5% of all sinonasal neoplasms, arise unilaterally in the nasal cavity as polypoid masses with a mean diameter of about 3 cm. A 34-year-old female patient was admitted due to nasal obstruction and epistaxis.

Isolated solitary intramedullary spinal cord metastasis presenting as the first manifestation of small-cell lung cancer: report of a rare case.

Background. Intramedullary spinal cord metastases presenting as the first manifestation of malignancies are extremely rare lesions. Case Description.

Chronic inflammation: a poor prognostic factor for endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy.

Endoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy (En-DCR) success can be affected by many factors. In this study, we aimed to determine the effect of chronic inflammation on the surgical outcome of En-DCR. A series of 25 primary En-DCR cases and their lacrimal sac specimens were involved in the study.

Does asthma control as assessed by the asthma control test reflect airway inflammation?

Background And Aims: The treatment of asthmatic patients is particularly focused on the control of symptoms as well as functional and inflammatory parameters. In our study, we investigated the relationship between the asthma control test (ACT) which evaluates symptoms and airway inflammation and functional parameters.

Materials And Methods: Stable asthmatic patients admitted to our pulmonary outpatient clinic were enrolled in the study consecutively and underwent the ACT, pulmonary function tests and methacholine bronchial provocation test (MBPT).

Immunohistochemical analysis of Ki-67, p53 and Bcl-2 expression related to histological features in gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Background/aims: The endoscopic and histologic findings of gastroesophageal reflux disease are usually indistinct. The current study was designed to define accurately the histology in gastroesophageal reflux disease and to develop a hypothesis that reflux produces immunohistochemical changes.

Methods: The study was based on the examination of endoscopic esophageal biopsy specimens obtained from 20 patients with evidence of reflux with 24-hour pH-meter monitoring and from 20 control subjects without clinical or endoscopic reflux.

Urachal urothelial carcinoma diagnosed at a radical prostatectomy operation: a case report.

Background: Urachal carcinomas are rare tumors, and the majority of them are adenocarcinomas. Up to now, only 21 urachal urothelial carcinomas (UCas) have been reported. Here, we describe a case of high grade UCa arising from the urachal remnants.

Primary orbital neuroblastoma in a neonate.

Neuroblastoma is an undifferentiated malignant tumor of the primitive neuroblasts. Orbital neuroblastoma is typically a metastatic tumor. We describe a two-days-old girl, who presented with a large tumor in her left orbit.

[A case of posttraumatic intracranial meningioma].

Several etiologic factors have been proposed in the development of meningiomas, including trauma, radiation, oncogenic viruses, chromosomal abnormalities, and hormonal factors. We presented a 71-year-old female patient who had undergone an operation for a head trauma 27 years ago. Brain computed tomography scans showed a contrast-enhancing intracranial mass lesion, 5 x 4 x 4 cm in size, leading to diffuse edema in the left frontal region.

Col IV and Fn distribution in prostatic adenocarcinoma and correlation of 67LR, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 expression with Gleason score.

Objective: To assess the immunoreactivity of 5 proteins related to basement membrane (BM) and extracellular matrix in order to investigate whether any of them correlates with differentiation of prostatic adenocarcinoma (PAc). Two of these markers are collagen type IV (Col IV), the collagenous component of basement membrane, and fibronectin (Fn), an adhesion protein in extracellular matrix. Others are matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), a type IV collagenase, tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), which has a high affinity for MMP-9, and 67-kd laminin receptor (67LR), which belongs to the non-integrin laminin binding receptor family.

Reproducibility of the 1998 World Health Organization/International Society of Urologic Pathology classification of papillary urothelial neoplasms of the urinary bladder.

Objectives: This study assessed the diagnostic agreement and intra- and inter-observer reproducibility of the World Health Organization/International Society of Urologic Pathology Consensus Classification of Urothelial Neoplasms (1998 WHO/ISUP classification) and the 1973 WHO classification.

Methods: A teaching set with 5 slides of each papillary neoplasm of low malignant potential, low-grade papillary carcinoma, high-grade papillary carcinoma, and a guideline, as well as a study set of 30 slides containing ten cases of each category, were sent to participants. Six pathologists expert in urological pathology reviewed the 30 slides of non-invasive papillary urothelial tumors in the study set.

The systemic cellular immune response in the Helicobacter pylori-associated duodenal ulcer and chronic antral gastritis.

Background/aims: The exact pathogenesis of Helicobacter pylori infection is not fully understood. This study aims to evaluate the specific subset composition of peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with H. pylori-positive duodenal ulcer n = 14), chronic antral gastritis n = 28), since reports so far have led to inconclusive and conflicting results.