Prediction of In-Hospital Mortality after Emergency Laparotomy Using Glasgow Coma Scale, ASA Physical Status Classification, and P-POSSUM Score.

Objective: To determine the importance of the Glasgow Coma scale (GCS), ASA physical status classification system, and P-POSSUM score in predicting mortality among patients undergoing emergency laparotomies.

Study Design: An analytical study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of General Surgery, Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Al-Nahyan Hospital Muzaffarabad, Pakistan, from October 2020 to January 2022.

Alfvén waves in the solar corona: resonance velocity, damping length, and charged particles acceleration by kinetic Alfvén waves.

Recent advances in heliospheric exploration spurred by NASA's Parker Solar Probe (PSP) mission require a deeper understanding of the intricate dynamics of the solar corona and wind. This study provides a detailed examination of kinetic Alfvén waves (KAWs) within the R range, a region only briefly explored in future PSP passages. Employing the framework of kinetic plasma theory and incorporating a non-thermal Cairns velocity distribution, we investigate the impact of the non-thermal index parameter on the resultant resonance velocity .

YouTube as a learning modality for clinical procedures among medical and dental students: A study in public sector teaching institutes.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and analyse the influence of YouTube as a learning modality for clinical procedures among medical and dental students in a public-sector setting.

Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted at the medical and dental constituent institutes of Jinnah Sindh Medical University and Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre between August and October 2023, and comprised undergraduate, graduate, and postgraduate students of either gender aged 18-40 years. Data was collected using a self-administered, structured, closed-ended 16-item questionnaire, which was developed in the English language and explored the usage of YouTube as a source of information about medical and dental clinical procedures.

Assessing emergency room leadership of ObGyn residents in a public university teaching hospital of Sindh, Pakistan: a cross-sectional survey.

Background: Leadership is a critical competency for medical professionals, yet it is often neglected in medical training. For ObGyn residents, leadership training is particularly crucial as it significantly impacts both maternal and newborn outcomes, as well as the operational efficiency of healthcare teams. The main objective of this study was to assess the perceptions of obstetrics and gynecology residents who served as group leaders in the emergency team at the Department of Gynecology, Ward 3, Dr.

Bombyx mori serpin 3 is involved in innate immunity by interacting with serine protease 7 to regulate prophenoloxidase activation.

A subfamily of conserved proteins called serpins plays crucial roles in various physiological functions, particularly in the activation pathway of the serine protease cascade, an essential component of insect innate immunity. Here, we found Bombyx mori serpin 3 (BmSerpin3) was most highly expressed in the fat body, and was up-regulated after exposure to bacteria, fungus and virus. Further, the expression of BmSerpin3 in the hemocytes, fat body, midgut of silkworm larvae, and BmN cells was up-regulated upon Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) infection.

Functional priorities of individuals with spinal cord injury: a Saudi Arabian perspective.

Context/objective: People with spinal cord injury (SCI) are the deciding force behind the rehabilitation program to improve their quality of life (QoL) based on their personal preferences. Here we aimed to determine the preferences perceived most vital by Saudi SCI population to improve their QoL, and explore if these preferences are affected by gender, education, and duration, level, or extent of injury.

Design: Participants ranked seven priorities of bodily functions as Rank I-VII with "I" being "Most important," and "VII" being "Least important.

Correction: A cross-sectional survey of hard ticks and molecular characterization of Rhipicephalus microplus parasitizing domestic animals of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

A new colorimetric lactate biosensor based on CUPRAC reagent using binary enzyme (lactate-pyruvate oxidases)-immobilized silanized magnetite nanoparticles.

A novel optical lactate biosensor is presented that utilizes a colorimetric interaction between HO liberated by a binary enzymatic reaction and bis(neocuproine)copper(II) complex ([Cu(Nc)]) known as CUPRAC (cupric reducing antioxidant capacity) reagent. In the first step, lactate oxidase (LOx) and pyruvate oxidase (POx) were separately immobilized on silanized magnetite nanoparticles (SiO@FeO NPs), and thus, 2 mol of HO was released per 1 mol of the substrate due to a sequential enzymatic reaction of the mixture of LOx-SiO@FeO and POx-SiO@FeO NPs with lactate and pyruvate, respectively. In the second step, the absorbance at 450 nm of the yellow-orange [Cu(Nc)] complex formed through the color reaction of enzymatically produced HO with [Cu(Nc)] was recorded.

Acute Skeletal Muscle Wasting is Associated with Prolonged Hospital Stay in Critical Illness with Brain Injury.

Background: Acute muscle wasting is common in critically ill patients, and this can lead to unfavorable clinical outcomes. The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with muscle wasting and to investigate the association between skeletal muscle wasting and prolonged hospital stay in critically ill patients with acute brain injury.

Methods: This single-center prospective observational study was conducted in critically ill patients with acute brain injury who stayed in the intensive care unit for at least 1 week.

Effects of baculovirus infection on intestinal microflora of BmNPV resistant and susceptible strain silkworm.

Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) is a serious pathogen causing huge economic losses to sericulture. There is growing evidence that the gut microbiota of silkworms plays a critical role in shaping host responses and interactions with viral infection.

BmNPV p35 regulates apoptosis in Bombyx mori via a novel target of interaction with the BmVDAC2-BmRACK1 complex.

Voltage-dependent anion channel 2 (VDAC2) is an important channel protein that plays a crucial role in the host response to viral infection. The receptor for activated C kinase 1 (RACK1) is also a key host factor involved in viral replication. Our previous research revealed that Bombyx mori VDAC2 (BmVDAC2) and B.

Bmo-miR-6498-5p suppresses Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus infection by down-regulating BmPLPP2 to modulate pyridoxal phosphate content in B. mori.

The RNA interference pathway mediated by microRNAs (miRNAs) is one of the methods to defend against viruses in insects. Recent studies showed that miRNAs participate in viral infection by binding to target genes to regulate their expression. Here, we found that the Bombyx mori miRNA, miR-6498-5p was down-regulated, whereas its predicted target gene pyridoxal phosphate phosphatase PHOSPHO2 (BmPLPP2) was up-regulated upon Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) infection.

Fabrication of a Novel Optical Glucose Biosensor Using Copper(II) Neocuproine as a Chromogenic Oxidant and Glucose Dehydrogenase-Immobilized Magnetite Nanoparticles.

This study describes a novel optical glucose biosensor based on a colorimetric reaction between reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and a copper(II) neocuproine complex ([Cu(Nc)]) as a chromogenic oxidant. An enzymatic reaction takes place between glucose and glucose dehydrogenase (GDH)-chitosan (CS) immobilized on silanized magnetite nanoparticles (CS@SiO@FeO) in the presence of coenzyme NAD. The oxidation of glucose to gluconolactone via the immobilized enzyme is coupled with the reduction of NAD to NADH at the same time.

Endoplasmic reticulum stress and pro-inflammatory responses induced by phthalate metabolites monoethylhexyl phthalate and monobutyl phthalate in 1.1B4 pancreatic beta cells.

In recent years, phthalates and their metabolites have been associated with metabolic diseases such as diabetes mellitus. To investigate the effects of phthalate metabolites exposure on insulin production and release, 1.1B4 pancreatic beta cells were treated with different concentrations (0.

Complications of Intrathecal Baclofen Pump Therapy: An Institutional Experience from Saudi Arabia.

The intrathecal baclofen pump (ITB) is one of the advanced treatment options in the management of spasticity. This retrospective cohort study was conducted to identify the complications of ITB treatment at a tertiary care rehabilitation facility. Various demographic and technical factors were analyzed, which are less often reported in the literature.

Regulation of Bombyx mori ferritin heavy-chain homolog on ROS induces multiple effects on BmNPV replication.

Ferritin is an iron-binding protein composed of light-chain and heavy-chain homologs with a molecular weight of about 500 kDa. Free iron ions significantly affect reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Previous research has shown that Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrosis virus (BmNPV) can increase ROS accumulation, activate autophagy, induce apoptosis, and upregulate the expression of B.

A novel acetylcholinesterase inhibition based colorimetric biosensor for the detection of paraoxon ethyl using CUPRAC reagent as chromogenic oxidant.

A novel colorimetric biosensor for the sensitive and selective detection of an organophosphate pesticide, paraoxon ethyl (POE), was developed based on its inhibitory effect on the acetylcholine esterase (AChE) enzyme. The bis-neocuproine copper (II) complex ([Cu(Nc)]) known as the CUPRAC reagent, was used as a chromogenic oxidant in the AChE inhibition-based biosensors for the first time. To initiate the biosensor, an enzymatic reaction takes place between AChE and its substrate acetylthiocholine (ATCh).

Meaning and blame: Meaning threats increase victim blaming, but profession and art can diminish it.

Previous work suggests that people have a need for meaning, and that when meaning is threatened, efforts are undertaken to restore a sense of meaning. We hypothesized that a meaning threat (i.e.

SUVmax-to-HU ratio in diagnosis of hepatic metastases of colon cancer on FDG PET/CT. A new semiquantitative parameter.

Purpose: We aimed to use new semiquantitative parameter, maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax)-to-Hounsfield unit density (HU) ratio for differentiation of colonic adenocarcinoma metastases from normal liver parenchyma on fluorine- 18-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) fusion images.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 18F-FDG PET/CT images of 97 liver metastases from colonic adenocarcinoma in 32 adult patients. SUVmax-to-HU ratios of the metastases and non-lesion areas were calculated and compared.

comparative evaluation of extracts for antioxidant and antidiabetic activity.

known as Jhau is traditionally used as expectorant, liver tonic, laxative, astringent, and antidiarrheal. The current study was proposed to determine the antioxidant, antidiabetic properties of the methanolic, ethanolic, and aqueous extracts of arial part, subsequently the phytochemical evaluation. Hence, arial part extracts were extracted with methanol (MthTg), ethanol (EthTg), and distilled water (AqTg).

The Hepatoprotective and Anti-Nephrotoxic Potential of Methanolic Extract of a Polyherbal Preparation in CCl-Induced Liver Injury Model of Wistar Rats.

The liver and kidneys are the vital organs of the body and perform important life-sustaining functions in the body. Synthetic drugs used in the treatment of liver and kidney diseases are sometimes inadequate and can lead to serious side effects. Medicinal herbs and plants were used to combat diseases for a long time and combination therapy is preferred over single plant therapy.

Epidemiologic profile of hard ticks and molecular characterization of Rhipicephalus microplus infesting cattle in central part of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

Tick infestation is a major public and animal health concern causing significant financial losses, especially in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. This study aimed at investigating the epidemiologic profile of ticks infesting cattle and molecular identification of R. microplus in the centrally ignored part of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.