Polysulfide-mediating properties of nickel phosphide carbon composite nanofibers as free-standing interlayers for lithium-sulfur batteries.

Issues such as the polysulfide shuttle effect and sulfur loss challenge the development of high-energy-density lithium-sulfur batteries. To address these limitations, a tailored approach is introduced using nickel phosphide carbon composite nanofibers (Ni P/C) with controlled surface oxidation layers. These nanofibers feature a hierarchical structure that leverages the benefits of nickel phosphide nanoparticles and a carbonaceous matrix to enable efficient sulfur encapsulation and suppress polysulfide diffusion.

Diammonium Hydrogen Citrate-Assisted Spray Pyrolysis Synthesis of Nanostructured LiCoPO Microspheres as High-Voltage Cathode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Nanostructured LiCoPO (LCP) microspheres were successfully synthesized by one-step spray pyrolysis, adding an appropriate amount of diammonium hydrogen citrate (DHC) additive to the precursor solution. Comprehensive physical characterization confirmed that the obtained LCPs exhibited a desirable orthorhombic olivine structure with nanostructured morphology and a significant increase in specific surface area. This enhancement was attributed to the dispersion effect due to the carboxyl group and the evolution of the ammonium group of DHC during the pyrolysis process.

Synthesis of Free-Standing Tin Phosphide/Phosphate Carbon Composite Nanofibers as Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries with Improved Low-Temperature Performance.

Free-standing tin phosphide/phosphate carbon composite nanofiber mats of unique nanostructure have been successfully synthesized by electrospinning and partially reducing the phosphate-containing precursors. An unusual effect of the Sn:P molar ratio in the precursor solution on the structure and physical-electrochemical properties of the material is observed. Physical characterizations, including X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), confirm the formation of tin phosphide/phosphate nanoparticles of P-rich inner Sn P layer and Sn-rich outer layer uniformly distributed within carbon nanofiber matrix when the Sn:P=1:1.

Preparation of a NiSn alloy-type anode embedded in carbon nanofibers by electrospinning for lithium-ion batteries.

A pure-phase NiSn intermetallic alloy encapsulated in a carbon nanofiber matrix (NiSn@CNF) was successfully prepared by electrospinning and applied as anode for lithium-ion batteries. The physical and electrochemical properties of the NiSn@CNF were compared to that of pure CNF. The resultant NiSn@CNF anode produced a high initial discharge capacity of ∼1300 mA h g, later stabilizing and retaining ∼350 mA h g ( 133 mA h g for CNF) after 100 cycles at 0.