Introduction: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) affects 296 million people globally, causing 780 000 annual deaths. It has been estimated that 12-43 million individuals are co-infected with hepatitis D virus (HDV). In Spain, the prevalence of HBsAg in adults is 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: We aimed to determine the role of serum cytokine expression in invasive aspergillosis (IA) diagnosis and outcome prediction in hematologic patients. In this multicenter study, serum cytokines (IL6, IL10, INF-gamma, IL12, IL4, TNF-alpha, IL17, and IL23) were prospectively recruited from all consecutive patients with hematologic malignances at IA diagnosis and compared to control patients matched by center, age, baseline disease, and therapeutic regimen. We included 36 patients with IA and 36 controls.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: To characterize the mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance and the prevalence of the polysaccharide capsule among urogenital and respiratory Haemophilus parainfluenzae isolates.
Methods: Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested by microdilution. Fifty-five MDR strains were subjected to WGS and were phylogenetically compared with all the available H.
Objectives: We aimed to assess the percentage of azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus in Spain.
Methods: Thirty participating Spanish hospitals stored all morphologically identified A. fumigatus sensu lato clinical isolates-regardless their clinical significance-from 15 February to 14 May 2019.
Haemophilus parainfluenzae (HPAR) is a Gram-negative bacterium that can become an opportunistic urogenital pathogen. Recently, multidrug resistant (MDR) strains have emerged. We aim to analyse the epidemiology of HPAR at Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge between 2013 and 2017 to determine its putative role in sexually transmitted infections (STI).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe human commensal Haemophilus parainfluenzae is emerging as an opportunistic multidrug-resistant pathogen. The objectives of this work were to characterise a new capsular operon of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) H. parainfluenzae clinical isolates and study their resistance mechanisms using whole-genome sequencing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe purpose of this study was to describe the presence of the novel optrA gene among clinical isolates of enterococci in a Spanish teaching hospital (May 2016-April 2017). optrA and cfr genes were screened by PCR in all isolates showing linezolid minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) ≥4 mg/L. The genetic relatedness of the isolates, the presence of resistance and virulence genes, and the genetic environment of optrA were assessed by whole-genome sequencing (WGS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntifungal resistance is increasing by the emergence of intrinsically resistant species and by the development of secondary resistance in susceptible species. A previous study performed in Spain revealed levels of azole resistance in molds of between 10 and 12.7%, but secondary resistance in was not detected.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Whether echinocandins could be used to treat candidemia of a urinary tract source (CUTS) is unknown. We aimed to provide current epidemiological information of CUTS and to compare echinocandin to fluconazole treatment on CUTS outcomes.
Methods: A multicenter study of adult patients with candidemia was conducted in 9 hospitals.
Objectives: The objectives of this study were to establish the frequency of Haemophilus haemolyticus in clinical samples, to determine the antimicrobial resistance rate and to identify the mechanisms of resistance to β-lactams and quinolones.
Methods: An updated database was used to differentiate between MALDI-TOF MS results for Haemophilus influenzae and H. haemolyticus.
Clin Microbiol Infect
February 2016
We aimed to assess the characteristics, treatment, risk factors and outcome of patients with breakthrough candidaemia (BrC) in the era of broad-spectrum antifungal therapies. We carried out a multicentre study of hospitalized adults with candidaemia at six hospitals in three countries. BrC episodes were compared with the remaining episodes (non-BrC).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: In this study we describe the clinical and molecular characteristics of an outbreak due to carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR-KP) producing CTX-M-15 and OXA-48 carbapenemase. Isogenic strains, carbapenem-susceptible K. pneumoniae (CS-KP) producing CTX-M-15, were also involved in the outbreak.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Routine microbiological surveillance of flexible bronchoscopes is recommended in different guidelines. The study aims to assess whether bronchoscopes reprocessing methods achieved an appropriate decontamination level and whether manual flushing of 70% ethyl alcohol at the end of the cycle reduces the risk of microbiological contamination.
Methods: 18 different bronchoscopes were cultured on a monthly basis during a four-year period to examine growing of bacteria, fungi and mycobacteria.
Information regarding the processes leading to death in patients with invasive aspergillosis (IA) is lacking. We sought to determine the causes of death in these patients, the role that IA played in the cause, and the timing of death. The factors associated with IA-related mortality are also analyzed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: There is a practical need to investigate the performance of the serum galactomannan (GM) assay in hematology patients with a potentially low pretest risk of invasive aspergillosis following effective antimold prophylaxis.
Methods: We present a 4-year study with 262 unselected consecutive high-risk episodes, prospectively managed with posaconazole primary prophylaxis and a uniform diagnostic algorithm, including biweekly serum GM quantification for early detection of invasive aspergillosis.
Results: A total of 2972 serum GM tests were performed (median, 11 per episode [range, 3-30]); the vast majority were negative (96.
Multi-drug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates are associated with nosocomial infections, in which colonized patients act as a reservoir and source of cross-infection for other patients. In this study, the antimicrobial susceptibility of K. pneumoniae was tested by microdilution using the commercial method MicroScan (Siemens).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn June 2011, uredinial leaf lesions typical of rust disease were observed on the two main commercial sugarcane (a complex Saccharum spp. L. hybrid) cultivars CR87339 (30% of acreage), CR83323 (17% of acreage) as well as cultivars BR9806, BR9816, and BT88133 at La Romana in the Dominican Republic.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Microbiol Infect
November 2014
Information on the environmental variables that may affect the incidence of invasive aspergillosis (IA) is scarce. We sought to determine the relationship between airborne spore counts, climatic conditions and IA. We also examined whether circulating respiratory viruses predispose patients to IA in a multicentre cohort study of hospitalized adults with IA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Statins have immunomodulatory properties and hinder Candida growth. However, it is unknown whether they may improve prognosis in patients with candidemia. We sought to determine the effect of prior statin use on the clinical outcomes of patients suffering candidemia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe conducted a prospective study to assess the risk factors, molecular epidemiology and outcome of bloodstream infection (BSI) due to Enterococcus faecium in hospitalized cancer patients. Between 2006 and 2012, a significant increase in vancomycin-susceptible E. faecium BSI was observed among cancer patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Invasive fungal infection (IFI) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality among solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. We sought to assess risk factors, clinical characteristics, and current outcomes of IFI in SOT recipients.
Methods: We reviewed all episodes of IFI occurring among SOT recipients in a university hospital from 2008 to 2011.
The Sensititre YeastOne (SYO) method is a widely used method to determine the susceptibility of Candida spp. to antifungal agents. CLSI clinical breakpoints (CBP) have been reported for antifungals, but not using this method.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnferm Infecc Microbiol Clin
March 2012
Infections remain a major complication of solid organ transplantation. For this reason, the clinical microbiology laboratory plays a key role in the success of transplant programs, which must have the support of a qualified laboratory, both technically and professionally. Transplant programs strongly condition the structure and functionality of microbiology laboratories, but at the same time, benefit greatly from the knowledge generated from these programs.
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