Humeral fracture in a Japanese Black calf repaired by closed approach and two methods of external skeletal fixation.

A healthy 71-day-old female Japanese Black calf was evaluated for fracture of the left humerus. The left humeral fracture was treated by closed repair and unilateral external skeletal fixation (ESF) with an epoxy putty fixator. The calf was active, and eight days after surgery slipped and fell, resulting in breakage of the ESF.

Rhabdomyosarcoma with posterior paresis and megaesophagus in a Holstein heifer.

A 7-month-old Holstein heifer presented with posterior paresis and megaesophagus. At post mortem examination, a nodular tumor was found attached to the thoracic wall and the eighth to eleventh thoracic vertebrae, adjacent to the left posterior pulmonary lobe. The tumor was diagnosed as rhabdomyosarcoma by histology.