The Combined Effect of Exercise and Behavioral Therapy for Depression and Anxiety: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Behavioral therapy (BT) and exercise are efficacious treatments for depression and anxiety when employed separately. The combination of BT and exercise (BT+Ex) may augment improvements but the combined effect of these therapies is not fully elucidated. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to determine if BT+Ex yielded a significant reduction in depression and anxiety symptoms compared to BT alone (BT).

Evaluating resource for cataract surgical services in Kebbi, Nigeria.

Context: Cataract is the most common cause of blindness worldwide. Meeting World Health Organization Vision 2020 cataract surgical rate target for Africa remains a dream. Inadequate resource to deliver quality cataract services is burdensome.

Medical ethics in sub-Sahara Africa: closing the gaps.

Background: Health care providers are expected to have the skills and knowledge relevant to their field and should also be familiar with the ethical and legal expectations that arise out of the standard practices.

Objectives: To elucidate the practice of the health care providers in relation to healthcare ethics in Nigeria.

Methods: A self-administered structured questionnaire was devised and distributed to staff of two tertiary health care facilities in Northern Nigeria.

Blinding bilateral hyperviscosity retinopathy in a 43-year-old nigerian male with lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma: a case report and management challenges.

Lymphoplasmacytic lymphomas are rare and may present with uncommon and devastating symptoms. We report a case of a 43-year-old male who presented with bleeding gums and sudden onset of bilateral blindness but was not on anticoagulants and had no family history of bleeding disorder. He had bilateral hyperpigmented infraorbital skin lesions, visual acuities (VA) of hand motion in both eyes (blindness), round and sluggish pupils, and bilateral diffuse and extensive retinal haemorrhages obliterating the retinal details with central visual field defects.

The Sokoto blind beggars: causes of blindness and barriers to rehabilitation services.

Purpose: To determine the causes of blindness and the barriers to accessing rehabilitation services (RS) among blind street beggars (bsb) in Sokoto, Nigeria.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 202 bsb (VA < 3/60) using interviewer administered questionnaire. The causes of blindness were diagnosed by clinical ophthalmic examination.

Glaucoma in southwest Nigeria: clinical presentation, family history and perceptions.

Knowledge of the presentation pattern of glaucoma helps in providing more understanding of the disease, leading to better control. The aim of this study was to determine the presentation pattern among newly diagnosed glaucoma patients in Lagos, Nigeria. This was a multicenter cross-sectional survey of newly diagnosed glaucoma patients, recruited over a four-week period.

Uniocular blindness following thermal injury.

A hot water burn is a thermal injury that results in cell death. Thermal eye injury triggers inflammatory processes, including inflammatory cell influx and/or the activation of various inflammatory cells, which result in the rapid accumulation of extravascular fluid in the ocular tissue. The ocular effect depends on the temperature of the water, and the final visual outcome depends on the severity of the damage to the intraocular structures.

Indications for destructive ocular surgeries in Nigeria.

Introduction: Destructive ocular surgery (DOS) means eye loss. An audit of its indications would be useful in reducing its incidence.

Objective: To determine indications for destructive ocular surgeries.

Poor cataract surgical output: eye care workers perspective in north central Nigeria.

Background: Cataract remains a disease of priority being the leading cause of blindness globally. Although surgically curable, cataract surgical output has remained low in Nigeria, Kwara state inclusive. A study was carried out to investigate the perception of eye care workers (ECW) on low surgical output and their adjudged reasons; this has hitherto not being evaluated.

Minimising corneal scarring from the use of harmful traditional eye remedies in developing countries.

Corneal scarring is the fourth largest cause of blindness globally, and a much more prominent factor in developing countries. Blindness from corneal scarring is largely a preventable phenomenon, and is capable of causing significant morbidity that can last for a lifetime. A significant proportion of these cases are caused by the use of harmful traditional eye medicines/remedies, and are used and prescribed by friends, relatives and traditional healers, with widespread use especially in developing countries.

Minimising cornea scarring from the use of harmful traditional eye remedies in developing countries.

Corneal scarring is the fourth largest cause of blindness globally, and a much more prominent factor in developing countries. Blindness from corneal scarring is largely a preventable phenomenon, and is capable of causing significant morbidity that can last for a lifetime. A significant proportion of these cases are caused by the use of harmful traditional eye medicines/remedies, and are used and prescribed by friends, relatives and traditional healers, with widespread use especially in developing countries.

Survey of the attitudes of nigerian ophthalmologists to and resources for ophthalmic research.

Aim: To study the views of ophthalmologists on their attitude to and the resources for ophthalmic health research in Nigeria and draw appropriate policy implications.

Materials And Methods: Structured questionnaires were distributed to 120 ophthalmologists and ophthalmic residents who were attending an annual congress in Nigeria. Data were collected on background information, importance attributed to research, motivation for conducting research, funding, ethical oversight, literature search, and statistical support.

A 37-year-old woman presenting with impaired visual function during antituberculosis drug therapy: a case report.

Introduction: Combination antituberculosis drug therapy remains the mainstay of treating tuberculosis. Unfortunately, antituberculosis drugs produce side effects including (toxic) impaired visual function, which may be irreversible. We report a case of antituberculosis-drug-induced impaired visual function that was reversed following early detection and attention.

Ophthalmic research priorities and practices in Nigeria: an assessment of the views of nigerian ophthalmologists.

Purpose: To study the views of ophthalmologists on research priorities and outcomes in Nigeria.

Materials And Methods: A structured questionnaire was distributed to 120 ophthalmologists and ophthalmic residents who were attending an annual congress in Nigeria. The participants' background information, relative research priorities, frequency of publications, research types, publication media, challenges faced in publishing and impact on health practice or policy were collected.

Observations of teachers in Ilorin, Nigeria on their practices of corporal punishment that are potentially injurious to their pupils' eyes.

Objective: To document the observations of elementary school teachers (ESTs) in Ilorin, Nigeria on their practice of some types of corporal punishment (CP) that could result in eye injuries among their pupils.

Materials And Methods: A short battery of questions that explored ESTs' observations on attitudes to, and knowledge of some commonly used CP practices was self-administered on 172 consenting teachers from six sampled schools. The potentials for their pupils to sustain eye injuries while receiving such CP practices were inferred from the usage of items with sharp and protruding ends to administer CP, and the application of CP onto pupils' body parts that are in close proximity to the eye such as the head and face.

Survey of medical specialists on their attitudes to and resources for health research in Nigeria.

Aim: To study the views of medical specialists on their attitude to and the resources for health research in Nigeria and draw appropriate policy implications.

Materials And Methods: Structured questionnaires were distributed to consenting 90 randomly selected medical specialists practising in six Nigerian tertiary health institutions. Participants' background information, importance attached to research, motivations for conducting research, funding, ethical oversight, literature search, and statistical support were probed.

A 14-year-old girl who regained normal vision after bilateral visual impairment following hot water injury to the eyes.

A 14-year-old girl presented with bilateral visual impairment following hot water injury to the eyes. The patient was admitted for a week and managed with guttae tropicamide 0.5% 8 h, diclofenac sodium 0.

Human resource development for Vision 2020 in developing countries: a change from absolute numbers.

Purpose: To critically review the numbers, distribution, staff mix, and productivity of eye care workers (ECW) in Kwara State, north central Nigeria.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive survey of all ECW identified from all eye care facilities in July 2008 was carried out using a structured questionnaire. Output data on cataract surgery of each institution were also collected and data analyzed using SPSS 16.

Perceptions of Nigerian medical specialists on research.

The current research aimed at collating the views of medical specialists on disease priorities, class and outcomes of health research in Nigeria, and draw appropriate policy implications. Structured questionnaires were distributed to consent 90 randomly selected medical specialists practising in six Nigerian tertiary health institutions. Participants' background information, relative disease priority, research types and class, type and class of publication media, frequency of publications, challenges faced in publishing research, impact of their research on health practice or policy, and inventions made were probed.

Awareness and knowledge of ocular cancers in a resource-limited economy.

Aims: To determine awareness and knowledge of ocular cancers in a resource-limited setting.

Material And Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey (2009) of 1,887 Nigerians using interviewer-administered questionnaire.

Results: Respondents were 55.

Appropriateness of ophthalmic cases presenting to a Nigerian tertiary health facility: implications for service delivery in a developing country.

Objective: To assess whether the ophthalmic cases presenting at a Nigerian tertiary eye unit are appropriate for such level of care and also draw necessary implications for service delivery.

Methods: Data on 1321 consecutive new patients that presented at the ophthalmic clinic of the University of Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria between February and July 2005 were reviewed on demographics, referral routes, and reasons for patronage, diagnoses and disease categories. Information on the general situation of health infrastructures prevailing at the surrounding health facilities was collected from key-informants.

Causes and prevalence of ocular morbidity among primary school children in Ilorin, Nigeria.

Objective: To determine the causes and prevalence of ocular morbidity among primary school children in Ilorin, Nigeria.

Materials And Methods: A cross sectional survey of primary school children in 10 randomly selected primary schools within Ilorin, Nigeria was carried out between July 2005 and January 2006. Relevant ocular history and basic ocular examinations were carried out on the children that were selected from a multi-stage sampling process.

Pediatric ophthalmic indications for examination under anesthesia in Ilorin, Nigeria.

Objective: To determine the ophthalmic indications and challenges for pediatric ocular examination under anesthesia (EUA).

Methods: The surgical register and patients' records of children who underwent EUA between 1990 and 2007 were examined to document patients' bio data, diagnoses and details of procedures and anesthesia.

Results: Thirty-nine children underwent EUA during the 18-year period.