Bacterial Protein Signatures Identified in Containing-Autophagic Vacuoles Reveal Co-Evolution Between Oral Red/Orange Complex Bacteria and Gut Bacteria.

Modern oral bacterial species present as a concoction of commensal and opportunistic pathogens originating from their evolution in humans. Due to the intricate colonization mechanisms shared amongst oral and gut bacteria, these bacteria have likely evolved together to establish and adapt in the human oro-digestive tract, resulting in the transfer of genetic information. Our liquid chromatography-with-tandem-mass-spectrometry (LC-MS-MS) analyses have revealed protein signatures, Elongation Factor Tu, RagB/SusD nutrient uptake outer membrane protein and DnaK, specifically from -containing autophagic vacuoles isolated from the infected human primary gingival epithelial cells.