SARS-CoV-2 infection and seropositivity among household contacts of laboratory confirmed cases of COVID-19 in residents of Delhi, India.

The transmission of respiratory pathogens, including SARS-CoV-2, is often facilitated through household contact. To better understand the transmission rate of COVID-19 among households and factors that affect viral clearance and seroconversion, a case-ascertained community-based prospective study was conducted between December 2020 and June 2021 on the urban population of the national capital region of India. The study collected nasopharyngeal swabs for SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR on the 1st, 7th, 14th, and 28th day, and blood samples for antibody detection on the 1st, 14th, and 28th day from household contacts (HCs) of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases.

Phenotyping of lymphocyte subsets, Th-1/Th-2 cytokines and other parameters in high-risk contacts of SARS-CoV-2.

Background: The information on the pathophysiology of infection in high-risk contacts of SARS-CoV-2 is limited.

Aims: The aim of the present study was to assess the various factors and their elucidation in the protection of SARS- CoV-2 infection in high-risk contacts.

Settings And Design: Cross-sectional descriptive clinical study.

Household transmission dynamics of COVID-19 among residents of Delhi, India: a prospective case-ascertained study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to observe the secondary infection rate and transmission dynamics of COVID-19 among household contacts, and their associations with various factors across four dimensions of interaction.

Methods: This was a case-ascertained study among unvaccinated household contacts of a laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 case in New Delhi between December 2020 and July 2021. For this study, 99 index cases and their 316 household contacts were interviewed and sampled (blood and oro-nasal swab) on days 1, 7, 14, and 28.

In Silico Guided Nanoformulation Strategy for Circumvention of Biofilm for Effective Therapy of Candidal Vulvovaginitis.

Candidal vulvovaginitis involving multispecies of and epithelium-bound biofilm poses a drug-resistant pharmacotherapeutic challenge. The present study aims for a disease-specific predominant causative organism resolution for the development of a tailored vaginal drug delivery system. The proposed work fabricates a luliconazole-loaded nanostructured lipid carrier-based transvaginal gel for combating biofilm and disease amelioration.

Genotypic characterization of vancomycin-resistant causing urinary tract infection in northern India.

Background & Objectives: Infections caused by vancomycin-resistant Enterococci are difficult to treat given the limited therapeutic alternatives. Different gene clusters are known to confer vancomycin resistance. vanA and vanB genes are transferable and are clinically relevant.

High-level gentamicin resistance mediated by gene in species isolated from clinical samples in Northern India.

Context: Enterococci are known to cause life-threatening infections which are difficult to treat as the organism harbors innate resistance to many antibiotics and can amass resistance toward many others through plasmid-mediated genetic exchange.

Aims: The study evaluates the drug susceptibility profile of various Enterococcus species isolated from various patient specimens submitted for bacteriological analysis and check the incidence of aac(6') Ie-aph(2") Ia gene.

Setting And Design: This in vitro cross-sectional study was executed at bacteriology laboratory of a 470 bedded hospital in New Delhi.

Efficacy of polyherbal formulations for prevention of COVID-19 infection in high-risk subjects: A randomized open-label controlled clinical trial.

COVID-19 is arguably the biggest health crisis the world has faced in the 21st century. Therefore, two of the polyherbal formulations, Infuza and Kulzam were assessed for the prevention of COVID-19 infection as a repurposed medication. Four hundred seven high-risk subjects were recruited in the present open-label randomized controlled clinical trial for eligibility.

Asymptomatic SARS-COV-2 carriage and sero-positivity in high risk contacts of COVID-19 cases'.

Purpose: Identifying asymptomatic SARS-COV-2 carriage is one of the crucial factors in controlling the COVID 19 pandemic. The relationship between the asymptomatic viral carriage and the rate of seroconversion needs better understanding. The present study was conducted to identify the asymptomatic COVID-19 infection and seropositivity in high-risk contacts in the southern district of Delhi, India.

TLCoV- An automated Covid-19 screening model using Transfer Learning from chest X-ray images.

The Coronavirus disease (Covid-19) has been declared a pandemic by World Health Organisation (WHO) and till date caused 585,727 numbers of deaths all over the world. The only way to minimize the number of death is to quarantine the patients tested Corona positive. The quick spread of this disease can be reduced by automatic screening to cover the lack of radiologists.

Biofilm synthesis and other virulence factors in multidrug-resistant uropathogenic enterococci isolated in Northern India.

Purpose: Enterococci express high degree of resistance towards wide range of antibiotics. Production of biofilm and many virulence factors along with drug resistance makes it difficult to eradicate the infection from urinary tract. The present study detected the expression of such factors including biofilm production by multidrug-resistant (MDR) enterococci.

Synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking of some substituted pyrazolines and isoxazolines as potential antimicrobial agents.

A series of substituted pyrazolines (2a-e, 3a-h and 6a-c) and isoxazolines (4a-e) were synthesized and their structures were established on the basis of IR, (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR and mass spectra. All the synthesized compounds were tested against two bacterial and four fungal strains and found to exhibit moderate to potent antifungal activity. Compounds 2b, 4c, 4d and 6a-c exhibited significant activity against all tested fungal strains.

Isolation of Aeromonas salmonicida from Human Blood Sample: A Case Report.

Aeromonas salmonicida belonging to the genus Aeromonas, is a common pathogen that causes furunculosis and septicaemia in variety of fishes. It infects cold blooded vertebrates living at low temperatures mainly salmonid fish hence named salmonicida. Untill recently Aeromanas salmonicida is considered to be a fish pathogen.

Community Acquired Bacteremia by Sphingomonas paucimobilis: Two Rare Case Reports.

S.paucimobilis has a diverse nutritional substrate spectrum and found in both environmental and hospital settings. Sphingomonas paucimobilis is rarely isolated from clinical specimen.

The incidence of nocardiosis at pulmonary and extra - pulmonary sites.

Nocardiosis is a rare but well-established opportunistic infection. We are presenting two cases of Nocardiosis diagnosed in the microbiology laboratory, one in an immuno-competent elderly patient and the other in a immunocompromised patient with AIDS. The first case was of pulmonary Nocardiosis which was caused by the Nocardia asteroides complex and concomitant infections with Staphylococcus aureus and Blastoschizomyces capitatus.

Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus: prevalence and antibiogram in a tertiary care hospital in western Nepal.

Background: Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major cause of nosocomial and community infections. Its prevalence varies with country and with hospitals within a country. The current study estimates the prevalence of MRSA strains and investigates their antibiogram in western Nepal.

Assessment of different tests to detect methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

The heterogeneous expression of methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus affects the efficiency of tests available to detect it. Not all laboratories have access to accurate molecular tests used for this purpose. This study compares the performances of four phenotypic tests used to detect methicillin resistant S.