A high prevalence of antibiotic use at two large teaching hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a point prevalence survey.

Objective: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) renders many bacterial infections untreatable and results in substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. Understanding antibiotic use in clinical settings including hospitals is critical to optimize antibiotic use and prevent resistance.

Design: Hospital antibiotic point prevalence survey (PPS).

Brief Report: Substance Use Care Continuum in Women With and Without HIV in the Southern United States.

Background: Substance use (SU) contributes to poor outcomes among persons living with HIV. Women living with HIV (WWH) in the United States are disproportionately affected in the South, and examining SU patterns, treatment, and HIV outcomes in this population is integral to addressing HIV and SU disparities.

Methods: WWH and comparable women without HIV (WWOH) who enrolled 2013-2015 in the Women's Interagency HIV Study Southern sites (Atlanta, Birmingham/Jackson, Chapel Hill, and Miami) and reported SU (self-reported nonmedical use of drugs) in the past year were included.

Increased Vaccine Uptake Among Eligible Patients at a Veterans Affairs Hospital Through an Inpatient COVID-19 Vaccination Program, Atlanta, Georgia, 2021.

Objective: Inpatient vaccination is an opportunity to increase vaccine uptake among patients at high risk for severe COVID-19 illness. We designed and implemented a hospital-based COVID-19 vaccination program with the aim of increasing documentation of vaccine eligibility and COVID-19 vaccination to eligible inpatients before discharge.

Methods: We integrated a templated note into the electronic medical records and trained health care personnel to screen inpatients and document COVID-19 vaccine eligibility at the Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center.

Impact of Point-of-Care Ultrasound in Medical Decision Making: Informing the Development of an Internal Medicine Global Health POCUS Curriculum.

Background: Point-of-care Ultrasound (POCUS) is particularly useful in low-middle income countries (LMICs) where advanced imaging modalities and diagnostics are often unavailable. However, its use among Internal Medicine (IM) practitioners is limited and without standard curricula. This study describes POCUS scans performed by U.

Prevalence, Distribution, and Characteristics Associated With Possession of Buprenorphine Waivers Among Infectious Diseases Physicians in the United States.

Background: Persons with opioid use disorder (OUD) may present with infectious complications from injection drug use; thus, infectious diseases (ID) physicians are uniquely positioned to treat OUD. Buprenorphine is safe and effective for OUD but remains underutilized. The prevalence and geographic distribution of ID physicians who are waivered to prescribe buprenorphine are unknown.

Antimicrobial Resistance Through the Lens of One Health in Ethiopia: A Review of the Literature Among Humans, Animals, and the Environment.

Objectives: We aimed to review and describe antimicrobial resistance (AMR) prevalence in humans, animals, and the environment in Ethiopia.

Methods: We conducted a structured review of literature on AMR in humans, animals, and the environment in Ethiopia from 2016-2020. We reported the pooled prevalence of AMR of bacterial pathogens in all 3 sectors.

Treating Withdrawal and Pain in Inpatients With Opioid Use Disorder: A Brief Educational Intervention for Internal Medicine Residents.

Introduction: Despite the effectiveness of opioid agonist therapy (OAT) for treating patients with opioid use disorder (OUD), insufficient education remains a barrier to prescribing. Internal medicine (IM) residents are optimally positioned to facilitate use of OAT, especially in the inpatient setting. We implemented an educational intervention aimed at increasing IM residents' knowledge and confidence regarding prescribing OAT to inpatients with OUD.

Developing and Evaluating a Remote Quality Assurance System for Point-of-Care Ultrasound for an Internal Medicine Residency Global Health Track.

A quality assurance system is vital when using point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) to ensure safe and effective ultrasound use. There are many barriers to implementing a quality assurance system including need for costly software, faculty time, and extra work to log images. With minimal funding or protected faculty time, we successfully developed an effective remote quality assurance system between residents rotating internationally and faculty in the US.

Global selective sweep of a highly inbred genome of the cattle parasite .

, a cyst-forming apicomplexan parasite, is a leading cause of neuromuscular diseases in dogs as well as fetal abortion in cattle worldwide. The importance of the domestic and sylvatic life cycles of , and the role of vertical transmission in the expansion and transmission of infection in cattle, is not sufficiently understood. To elucidate the population genomics of , we genotyped 50 isolates collected worldwide from a wide range of hosts using 19 linked and unlinked genetic markers.

Antimicrobial Drug Resistance in Blood Culture Isolates at a Tertiary Hospital, Uganda.

We summarize antimicrobial drug resistance (AMR) patterns from blood cultures at a tertiary hospital in Uganda. High rates of resistance to first-line antibiotic drugs were observed among Staphylococcus aureus and gram-negative organisms. Microbiology services with susceptibility testing should be strengthened to support standardized reporting of AMR data in sub-Saharan Africa.

Ciliated hepatic foregut cyst: four case reports with a review of the literature.

Ciliated hepatic foregut cysts (CHFCs) are rare congenital legions that arise from the embryonic foregut. The cysts are formed during fetal development by evagination from their respective portions of the foregut, and are characterized by a ciliated epithelial lining. Approximately 100 cases of CHFC have been reported, of which only 13 were in children.