ZFAND3 Overexpression in the Mouse Liver Improves Glucose Tolerance and Hepatic Insulin Resistance.

Genome-wide association studies have identified more than 300 loci associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus; however, the mechanisms underlying their role in type 2 diabetes mellitus susceptibility remain largely unknown. Zinc finger AN1-type domain 3 (ZFAND3), known as testis-expressed sequence 27, is a type 2 diabetes mellitus-susceptibility gene. Limited information is available regarding the physiological role of ZFAND3 .

MicroRNA-101 inhibits the expression of Rhes, a striatal-enriched small G-protein, at the post-transcriptional level in vitro.

Objective: Ras homolog enriched in striatum (Rhes) is a small GTP-binding protein that is predominantly localized in the striatal region of the brain. Rhes affects various signaling pathways and plays important roles in Huntington's disease development caused by striatal anomalies. However, the mechanism underlying the regulation of Rhes expression is not fully understood.

[Bergamottin Promotes Adipocyte Differentiation and Inhibits Tumor Necrosis Factor-α-induced Inflammatory Cytokines Induction in 3T3-L1 Cells].

Nowadays, a lot of food ingredients are marketed as dietary supplements for health. Because the effectiveness and mechanisms of these compounds have not been fully characterized, they might have unknown functions. Therefore, we investigated the effect of several food ingredients (Bergamottin, Chrysin, L-Citrulline and β-Carotene) known as health foods on adipocyte differentiation by using 3T3-L1 preadipocytes.

Inhibitory Effect of Fruit Juices on the Doxorubicin Metabolizing Activity of Carbonyl Reductase 1.

Background And Objective: Doxorubicin, an anthracycline anti-cancer drug, is effective for breast cancer and childhood lymphoma. Chronic cardiotoxicity has been known as a critical adverse effect of doxorubicin and is attributed to its metabolite doxorubicinol produced by carbonyl reductase 1 (CBR1, SDR21C1). Some flavonoids have been reported to act as inhibitors for CBR1, therefore, commercially available juices containing flavonoids are likely to be applicable as a prophylactic treatment against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by suppression of doxorubicinol production.

Identification of a functional antioxidant responsive element in the promoter of the Chinese hamster carbonyl reductase 3 (Chcr3) gene.

CHCR3, a member of the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase superfamily, is a carbonyl reductase 3 enzyme in Chinese hamsters. Carbonyl reductase 3 in humans has been believed to involve the metabolism and/or pharmacokinetics of anthracycline drugs, and the mechanism underlying the gene regulation has been investigated. In this study, the nucleotide sequence of the Chcr3 promoter was originally determined, and its promoter activity was characterised.

Regulation of human carbonyl reductase 1 (CBR1, SDR21C1) gene by transcription factor Nrf2.

Monomeric carbonyl reductase 1 (CBR1, SDR21C1) is a member of the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase superfamily and is involved in the metabolism of anthracycline anti-cancer drugs, prostaglandins, and isatin, which is an endogenous inhibitor of monoamine oxidases. Additionally, cancer progression may be partly regulated by CBR1. In the present study, we screened more than 10 drugs for the induction of the human CBR1 gene to investigate its regulation.

Normal cranial nerves in the cavernous sinuses: contrast-enhanced three-dimensional constructive interference in the steady state MR imaging.

Background And Purpose: Three-dimensional (3D) constructive interference in steady state (CISS) MR imaging is useful for demonstrating cranial nerves (CNs) in the cistern. The purpose of this study was to evaluate normal CNs III, IV, V1, V2, and VI in the cavernous sinuses by using contrast-enhanced, three-dimensional (3D), Fourier transformation CISS MR imaging.

Methods: In 76 normal cavernous sinuses from 38 patients, detectability of CNs III-VI in the bilateral cavernous sinuses was evaluated by using contrast-enhanced 3D CISS MR imaging.

Serous surface papillary carcinoma of the peritoneum: clinical, radiologic, and pathologic findings in 11 patients.

Objective: The purpose of our study was to describe the clinical, radiologic, and pathologic findings of serous surface papillary carcinoma of the peritoneum in 11 patients.

Conclusion: Serous surface papillary carcinoma of the peritoneum should be included in the differential diagnosis when ascites, omental caking, and peritoneal nodules or enhancement are observed in a postmenopausal woman with or without ovarian enlargement.

The combination of multi-voxel MR spectroscopy with MR imaging improve the diagnostic accuracy for localization of prostate cancer.

Background: We assessed the usefulness of combined multi-voxel magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and MR imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of prostate cancer localization.

Patients And Methods: MRS and MRI were performed in 21 patients with prostate cancer. On T2-weighted images, tumor localization was based on low signal intensity in the peripheral zone.