Single-Stage Astaxanthin Production Enhances the Nonmevalonate Pathway and Photosynthetic Central Metabolism in sp. PCC 7002.

The natural pigment astaxanthin is widely used in aquaculture, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and cosmetic industries due to superior antioxidant properties. The green alga is currently used for commercial production of astaxanthin pigment. However, slow growing requires a complex two-stage stress-induced process with high light intensity leading to increased contamination risks.

Functional interleukin-33 receptors are expressed in early progenitor stages of allergy-related granulocytes.

Interleukin-33 (IL-33) induces T helper type 2 (Th2) cytokine production and eosinophilia independently of acquired immunity, leading to innate immunity-mediated allergic inflammation. Allergy-related innate myeloid cells such as eosinophils, basophils and mast cells express the IL-33 receptor (IL-33R), but it is still unknown how IL-33 regulates allergic inflammation involving these cells and their progenitors. Here, we revealed that the functional IL-33R was expressed on eosinophil progenitors (EoPs), basophil progenitors (BaPs) and mast cell progenitors (MCPs).

Mizoribine, tacrolimus, and corticosteroid combination therapy successfully induces remission in patients with lupus nephritis.

Background: Conventional cyclophosphamide-based treatment regimens for lupus nephritis (LN) are still not considered to be optimal. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of mizoribine, tacrolimus, and corticosteroid combination therapy for LN.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated a combination treatment of mizoribine and tacrolimus with corticosteroids as induction therapy in eight newly diagnosed systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients with biopsy-proven LN.