Publications by authors named "Ayaka Minemura"
Background/aim: Host microbiota dysbiosis has been recognized as a key factor in lung cancer. However, the specific diversity and composition of microbiota in lung cancer patients remain unknown. This single-center prospective observational study analyzed both saliva and fecal samples from 74 participants [lung cancer (LC) patients: n=53; lung inflammation (LI) patients: n=11; healthy control (HC): n=10].
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- * A study using a mouse model showed that changes in gut microbiota appear before puberty, with reproductive symptoms arising in adolescence and metabolic symptoms emerging in young adulthood.
- * Cross-fostering experiments revealed that nurturing from normal mothers leads to less severe PCOS-like traits and gut microbiome changes in PNA offspring, suggesting both prenatal and postnatal environments are important for PCOS development and could be potential prevention targets.
The precise mechanism by which butyrate-producing bacteria in the gut contribute to resistance to respiratory viral infections remains to be elucidated. Here, we describe a gut-lung axis mechanism and report that orally administered Clostridium butyricum (CB) enhances influenza virus infection resistance through upregulation of interferon (IFN)-λ in lung epithelial cells. Gut microbiome-induced ω-3 fatty acid 18-hydroxy eicosapentaenoic acid (18-HEPE) promotes IFN-λ production through the G protein-coupled receptor (GPR)120 and IFN regulatory factor (IRF)-1/-7 activations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnimal gastrointestinal tracts are populated by highly diverse and complex microbiotas. The gut microbiota influences the bioavailability of dietary components and is closely associated with physiological processes in the host. Clostridium butyricum reportedly improves growth performance and affects the gut microbiota and immune functions in post-weaning piglets.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOral microbiota is associated with human diseases including cancer. Emerging evidence suggests that proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), which allow the oral microbiome to translocate into the gut, negatively influence the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) in cancer patients. However, currently there is no effective treatment that restores the decreased efficacy.
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- Diversion colitis (DC) is an inflammatory condition linked to disrupted fecal flow and nutrient deficiencies resulting from changes in gut bacteria, but how it develops is not fully understood.
- A study investigated the impact of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in five patients with DC, finding they experienced endoscopic remission and symptom improvement after treatment.
- The research highlights that FMT significantly alters the microbiota in the diverted colon, suggesting it may be a promising treatment for DC due to its role in restoring normal gut function.
The gut microbiome is closely related to gut metabolic functions, and the gut microbiome and host metabolic functions affect each other. MIYAIRI 588 (CBM 588) upregulates protectin D1 production in host colon tissue following G protein-coupled receptor (GPR) 120 activation to protect gut epithelial cells under antibiotic-induced dysbiosis. However, how CBM 588 enhances polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) metabolites remains unclear.
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- - The study explores how prebiotics, specifically 1-kestose, impact the intestinal microbiota and muscle health in elderly patients suffering from sarcopenia, a condition leading to reduced muscle mass and functionality.
- - Results showed that after 12 weeks of 1-kestose administration, there was a significant increase in beneficial gut bacteria and improvements in body composition, including a higher skeletal muscle mass index and lower body fat percentage in the patients.
- - This research is notable as it is the first to demonstrate that prebiotic supplementation can positively alter gut microbiota composition and support recovery from muscle atrophy in very elderly individuals with sarcopenia.
It is reported that an increase in aerobic bacteria, a lack of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and immune disorders in the diverted colon are major causes of diversion colitis. However, the precise pathogenesis of this condition remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to examine the microbiota, intestinal SCFAs, and immunoglobulin A (IgA) in the diverted colon.
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