Interprofessional Collaborative Practice for Child Maltreatment Prevention in Japan: A Literature Review.

This literature review explored the factors promoting interprofessional collaborative practice for the child maltreatment prevention in Japan. We searched the Japanese database of ICHUSHI-web, focusing on studies published between 1990 and 2015. The studies were examined for methodological quality using the critical appraisal checklists.

Maternal perceptions of family-centred support and their associations with the mother-nurse relationship in the neonatal intensive care unit.

Aims And Objectives: To evaluate maternal perceptions of family-centred support with hospitalised preterm infants and their relationship between mothers and nurses in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

Background: Mothers who gave birth to preterm infants tend to suffer more stress and need individual support based on family-centred care. However, there may be a shortage of support for mothers to obtain parent-crafting skills before bringing their infants home.

Sound Environments Surrounding Preterm Infants Within an Occupied Closed Incubator.

Unlabelled: Preterm infants often exhibit functional disorders due to the stressful environment in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The sound pressure level (SPL) in the NICU is often much higher than the levels recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics. Our study aims to describe the SPL and sound frequency levels surrounding preterm infants within closed incubators that utilize high frequency oscillation (HFO) or nasal directional positive airway pressure (nasal-DPAP) respiratory settings.

Depressive symptoms and changes in physiological and social factors 1 week to 4 months postpartum in Japan.

Background: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common condition and may be exacerbated unless treated. There is, however, a lack of longitudinal studies about the relationship between PPD and changes in physiological status and social role postpartum.

Methods: We enrolled longitudinally 65 Japanese mothers (36 primiparas) and measured their psychological responses at 1 week, 1 month, and 4 months postpartum.

Maintenance of stereocilia and apical junctional complexes by Cdc42 in cochlear hair cells.

Cdc42 is a key regulator of dynamic actin organization. However, little is known about how Cdc42-dependent actin regulation influences steady-state actin structures in differentiated epithelia. We employed inner ear hair-cell-specific conditional knockout to analyze the role of Cdc42 in hair cells possessing highly elaborate stable actin protrusions (stereocilia).

Actinoplanes rishiriensis sp. nov., a novel motile actinomycete isolated by rehydration and centrifugation method.

The motile actinomycete strain RI50-RCA114(T) was isolated using rehydration and centrifugation method from a soil sample obtained from Rishiri Island in Japan. The taxonomic status of this organism was established using a polyphasic approach. Cells of strain RI50-RCA114(T) were Gram positive, aerobic, motile and formed irregular sporangia.

Sequential binding of cytosolic Phox complex to phagosomes through regulated adaptor proteins: evaluation using the novel monomeric Kusabira-Green System and live imaging of phagocytosis.

We engineered a method for detecting intramolecular and intermolecular phox protein interactions in cells by fluorescence microscopy using fusion proteins of complementary fragments of a coral fluorescent reporter protein (monomeric Kusabira-Green). We confirmed the efficacy of the monomeric Kusabira-Green system by showing that the PX and PB1 domains of p40phox interact in intact cells, which we suggested maintains this protein in an inactive closed conformation. Using this system, we also explored intramolecular interactions within p47phox and showed that the PX domain interacts with the autoinhibited tandem Src homology 3 domains maintained in contact with the autoinhibitory region, along with residues 341-360.

A novel dominant-negative mutation in Gdf5 generated by ENU mutagenesis impairs joint formation and causes osteoarthritis in mice.

Growth and differentiation factor 5 (GDF5) has been implicated in chondrogenesis and joint formation, and an association of GDF5 and osteoarthritis (OA) has been reported recently. However, the in vivo function of GDF5 remains mostly unclarified. Although various human GDF5 mutations and their phenotypic consequences have been described, only loss-of-function mutations that cause brachypodism (shortening and joint ankylosis of the digits) have been reported in mice.

A series of ENU-induced single-base substitutions in a long-range cis-element altering Sonic hedgehog expression in the developing mouse limb bud.

Mammal-fish-conserved-sequence 1 (MFCS1) is a highly conserved sequence that acts as a limb-specific cis-acting regulator of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) expression, residing 1 Mb away from the Shh coding sequence in mouse. Using gene-driven screening of an ENU-mutagenized mouse archive, we obtained mice with three new point mutations in MFCS1: M101116, M101117, and M101192. Phenotype analysis revealed that M101116 mice exhibit preaxial polydactyly and ectopic Shh expression at the anterior margin of the limb buds like a previously identified mutant, M100081.

Increased basal platelet activity, plasma adiponectin levels, and diabetes mellitus are associated with poor platelet responsiveness to in vitro effect of aspirin.

Introduction: Aspirin is one of the most effective antiplatelet agents and is now commonly used to prevent vascular events. In some patients, however, recurrent vascular events have been demonstrated despite aspirin therapy. Our objective was to characterize individuals showing poor response to in vitro effect of aspirin, using PFA-100.

Implementation of the modified-SHIRPA protocol for screening of dominant phenotypes in a large-scale ENU mutagenesis program.

SHIRPA is a three-stage protocol for the comprehensive assessment of primarily mouse behavior. The first stage consists of high-throughput phenotyping of 33 behavioral observations and 7 metabolic or disease observations. We modified this part of the protocol by integrating new morphologic observations into the initial phenotype assay of behavior and dysmorphology.

Enamelin (Enam) is essential for amelogenesis: ENU-induced mouse mutants as models for different clinical subtypes of human amelogenesis imperfecta (AI).

Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a group of commonly inherited defects of dental enamel formation, which exhibits marked genetic and clinical heterogeneity. The genetic basis of this heterogeneity is still poorly understood. Enamelin, the affected gene product in one form of AI (AIH2), is an extracellular matrix protein that is one of the components of enamel.

Structure--activity relationships of 1beta-methyl-2-(5-phenylpyrrolidin-3-ylthio)carbapenems.

Structure--activity relationship studies of 1beta-methyl-2-[(3S,5R)-5-(4-aminomethylphenyl)pyrrolidin-3-ylthio]carbapenems, especially those pertaining to the relationship between antibacterial activity and side-chain structure were conducted. These studies suggested that the trans-(3S,5R)-5-phenylpyrrolidin-3-ylthio side-chain and the aminomethyl group at the 4-position of the phenyl ring play a key role in enhancing the antibacterial activity against the MRSA and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. In particular, the basicity of a substituent at the 4-position of the phenyl ring were shown to greatly contribute to the antibacterial activity against MRSA and methicillin-resistant Staphyloccocus epidermidis strains.